Disorders - Social phobia
Spencer, S. D., Buchanan, J. A., Masuda, A.
The
current study compared the effects of 15-min acceptance-based and cognitive reappraisal-based interventions on experiential avoidance (EA) in
socially anxious college students who participated in an experimental public speaking task. Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of the
two interventions designed to aid in preparation for a 5-min laboratory-based public speaking task. Results indicated that participants receiving the
acceptance-based intervention reported significantly lower levels of EA at the post-public speaking task measurement time, indicating that this brief
acceptance-based intervention yielded the proposed mechanism of action in the sample used for this study. These findings highlight the importance of
process-based accounts of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and shed light on the importance of developing interventions for alleviating social
anxiety.
Behavior
Modification, : 145445519854321
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Hayes-Skelton, S. A., Lee, C. S.
The present study examined whether cognitive restructuring (CR) or mindfulness led to increases in
decentering and whether changes in decentering were related to changes in anxiety and willingness to approach anxiety-provoking situations. Forty-six
individuals with social anxiety completed speaking tasks before and after receiving CR, mindfulness, or control instructions. Overall, anxiety
decreased and willingness increased from the first to second speech, with no differences across conditions. Decentering (measured by the Toronto
Mindfulness Scale [TMS]) increased, with those in the mindfulness condition reporting more decentering. There was a nonsignificant, medium-sized
effect on decentering, as measured by the Experiences Questionnaire (EQ)-Decentering factor, with those in CR reporting more decentering. Increases
in decentering were associated with changes in self-reported anxiety and willingness. Findings indicate that mindfulness and CR led to changes in
decentering, and that changes in decentering were related to changes in some, but not all, measures of anxiety.
Behavior Modification, : 145445519850744
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Mindfulness based
therapy
Abbasi,
F., Shariati, K., Tajikzadeh, F.
Objectives: The current study aimed at
investigating the effect of neurofeedback (NF) therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on reduction of anxiety symptoms in females with social
anxiety disorders. Method(s): The current pseudo-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and a control group was conducted on a population of
patients with social anxiety disorder referring to a psychology clinic in Kurdistan Province, Iran. The sample size comprised of 30 females selected
by random sampling method and assigned to groups of NF and CBT. Data elicited from the Libowitz social anxiety questionnaire to detect the subjects
with social anxiety and the Millon clinical multiaxial inventory (MCMI III) in order to exclude subjects with personality disorder. Data were
analyzed with SPSS. Covariance analysis test and dependent t test were performed on CBT and NF groups. Result(s): The current study findings showed
that both CBT and NF groups were impressive in reducing the level of social anxiety in the study subjects. Also, based on the results of the current
study the therapy methods had no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion(s): Both treatments were significantly effective, and
therefore both NF and CBT can be applied as choice therapies to treat social anxiety. Copyright © 2018, Archives of Neuroscience.
Archives of Neuroscience, 5 (3) (no
pagination)(e62341) :
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Biofeedback, neurofeedback, audio/video feedback
Villabo, M.A., Narayanan,
M., Compton, S.N., Kendall, P.C., Neumer, S.P.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT) and group CBT (GCBT)
for referred children with anxiety disorders within community mental health clinics. Method: Children (N = 165; ages 7-13 years) referred to 5
clinics in Norway because of primary separation anxiety disorder (SAD), social anxiety disorder (SOC), or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) based on
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) criteria participated in a randomized clinical trial. Participants were
randomized to ICBT, GCBT, or wait list (WL). WL participants were randomized to 1 of the 2 active treatment conditions following the wait period.
Primary outcome was loss of principal anxiety disorder over 12 weeks and 2-year follow-up. Results: Both ICBT and GCBT were superior to WL on all
outcomes. In the intent-to-treat analysis, 52% in ICBT, 65% in GCBT, and 14% in WL were treatment responders. Planned pairwise comparisons found no
significant differences between ICBT and GCBT. GCBT was superior to ICBT for children diagnosed with SOC. Improvement continued during 2-year
follow-up with no significant between-groups differences. Conclusions: Among anxiety disordered children, both individual and group CBT can be
effectively delivered in community clinics. Response rates were similar to those reported in efficacy trials. Although GCBT was more effective than
ICBT for children with SOC following treatment, both treatments were comparable at 2-year follow-up. Dropout rates were lower in GCBT than in ICBT,
suggesting that GCBT may be better tolerated. Response rates continued to improve over the follow-up period, with low rates of relapse. (PsycINFO
Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement What is the public health significance of this article?-Findings indicate that
both individual and group cognitive-behavioral therapy can be effectively delivered by community mental health practitioners with only a minimal
amount of formal training. Outcomes were similar to those reported in more controlled settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights
reserved)
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 86(9) : 751-
764
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Taheri, E., Amiri, M., Birashk, B., Gharrayi, B., Taheri, H.
The aim of this study was to compare of group behavioral
activation treatment and group cognitive therapy in reducing Social anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and negative attributions and improving
general functioning. The design of the present study was pretest, posttest, and 3-month follow up with two groups: experimental group (group
behavioral activation treatment) and comparison group (group cognitive therapy). The sample consisted of 23 university students who were selected on
the base of inclusion criterion of having diagnosis of social anxiety disorder and exclusion criteria of having axis I disorders including Bipolar,
psychotic, and substance abuse with use of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders and being concurrently under psychotherapy or
medication. All participants also completed the Social Phobic Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, interpretation of negative social events and the
Work and Social Adjustment Scale. They were randomly assigned to the experimental and comparison groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions
of group behavioral activation treatment and the comparison group received 8 sessions of group cognitive therapy. The data analyzed by analysis of
covariance. Results showed a statistically significant superiority of group behavioral activation treatment over group cognitive therapy in reducing
depressive symptoms (p<.05) and a statistically significant superiority of group cognitive treatment over group behavioral activation therapy in
reducing interpretation of negative social events (p<.05). But there were no statistically significant difference between two interventions in social
anxiety and functional impairment (p>.05). The findings of follow-up also showed the effects of both treatments have been continued in overall. The
implications of the findings were discussed. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public
Health, 3(Special Issue) : S20
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
McKinnon,
A., Keers, R., Coleman, J. R. I., Lester, K. J., Roberts, S., Arendt, K., etal.
BACKGROUND: Several delivery formats of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for child anxiety have been
proposed, however, there is little consensus on the optimal delivery format. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the impact of the
child's primary anxiety diagnosis on changes in clinical severity (of the primary problem) during individual CBT, group CBT and guided parent-led
CBT. The secondary goal was to investigate the impact of the child's primary anxiety diagnosis on rates of remission for the three treatment
formats. METHOD(S): A sample of 1,253 children (5-12 years; Mage = 9.3, SD = 1.7) was pooled from CBT trials carried out at 10 sites. Children had a
primary diagnosis of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SoAD), specific phobia (SP) or separation anxiety disorder (SAD).
Children and parents completed a semistructured clinical interview to assess the presence and severity of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders at
preintervention, postintervention and follow-up. Linear mixture modelling was used to evaluate the primary research question and logistic modelling
was used to investigate the secondary research question. RESULT(S): In children with primary GAD, SAD or SoAD, there were no significant differences
between delivery formats. However, children with primary SP showed significantly larger reductions in clinical severity following individual CBT
compared to group CBT and guided parent-led CBT. The results were mirrored in the analysis of remission responses with the exception that individual
CBT was no longer superior to group CBT for children with a primary SP. The difference between individual and group was not significant when follow-
up data were examined separately. CONCLUSION(S): Data show there may be greater clinical benefit by allocating children with a primary SP to
individual CBT, although future research on cost-effectiveness is needed to determine whether the additional clinical benefits justify the additional
resources required. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of
Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.
Journal of Child Psychology &
Psychiatry, & Allied Disciplines, 59(7) : 763-772
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social phobia (social anxiety disorder), Specific
Phobia
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Romero-Cerecero, O., Islas-Garduno, A. L., Zamilpa, A., Perez-Garcia, M.
D., Tortoriello, J.
Social anxiety is one of the most common disorders found in the population attending the
first level of health care. Galphimia glauca has been used for many years in Mexican traditional medicine to treat \"nervous disorders\". A
standardized extract of this species has been evaluated in clinical studies that have proven its efficacy and safety in patients with generalized
anxiety disorder. In this work, a double-blind clinical trial was carried out, using sertraline as a control. Patients from both sexes (18 to 35
years old) with moderate or severe social anxiety were included. Experimental group was treated daily (orally), for 10 weeks, with an extract from G.
glauca containing 0.374 mg/dose of Galphimine-B (G-B, active compound). Patients in the control group were given sertraline (50 mg) in the same
conditions. All patients were evaluated every two weeks. Another assessment was done one month after the end of the administration period. A total of
34 patients was included, 17 in each group. Women were predominant, and the mean age was 25 +/- 4.7 years. In patients who received the G. glauca
standardized extract, a significant reduction in anxiety was observed, with a value (in the Brief Social Phobia Scale) of 41.1+/-10.3 points at the
start and 11.2+/-5.6 points at the end of treatment, while patients treated with sertraline had a value of 37.7+/-7.3 points at the beginning and
11.1+/-5.2 points at the end. No significant difference was observed between the treated groups. In a similar way, the health scale showed a gradual
and continuous improvement in each of the five evaluations. In conclusion, the 10-week oral administration of G. glauca standardized extract showed
efficacy and safety in patients with social anxiety disorder, without showing a significant difference from patients treated with sertraline.
Copyright © 2018 Ofelia Romero-Cerecero et al.
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018 (no
pagination)(1716939) :
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Homeopathic, plant-based medicines
Blackie, R. A., Kocovski, N. L.
Post-event processing refers to negative and repetitive thinking following socially anxious situations and has been posited as a maintaining
factor in social anxiety. One strategy for reducing post-event processing may be through self-compassion, which was the primary purpose of the
present study. An additional aim was to examine the effect of self-compassion on willingness to engage in future social scenarios. Socially anxious
undergraduates (N = 98) provided an impromptu speech and were randomly assigned to a self-compassion, rumination, or control condition. Participants
completed measures of post-event processing and willingness to engage in social situations the following day. As expected, self-compassion
immediately following a speech led to less post-event processing the next day, as well as greater willingness to engage in future social situations.
There was also support for a mediation model illustrating the mechanisms through which self-compassion exerted its effects on these two outcomes.
Taken together, these findings demonstrate the utility of self-compassion on reducing the negative and repetitive thinking that serves to maintain
social anxiety and increasing willingness to partake in future social events. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Mindfulness, 9(2) : 654-
663
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Other Psychological Interventions
Brooker, E.
Numerous investigations into music performance anxiety have focused on the conscious mind. However, little
research has focused on implicit processes for alleviation of this condition. Cognitive hypnotherapy (CH) and eye movement desensitisation and
reprocessing (EMDR), therapies which target implicit processes, were investigated in an intervention study with advanced pianists (n = 46).
Participants were of mixed gender aged 18-26 years (three over 30) and were randomly assigned to a therapy or control group. The therapy groups
received two interventions of either CH or EMDR during a two-week period between two concerts. Quantitative data were collected through performance
assessment, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a self-report questionnaire (SRQ). The SRQ and a log of performance experience also
allowed for qualitative assessment. Results showed that both therapy groups (but not the control) experienced a significant reduction in state
anxiety post therapy and a significant improvement in performance. Trait anxiety decreased significantly below baseline levels post intervention in
the EMDR group. This is an important area for future research in music psychology and has broader implications in other fields. (PsycINFO Database
Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychology of Music, 46(1) : 107-
124
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Chavira, D. A., Bustos, C., Garcia, M., Reinosa-Segovia, F., Baig, A., Ng, B., Camacho, A.
Objective: In this study, we tailor a
child anxiety cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) program to fit the needs of rural Latino/a Spanish-speaking families and examine the feasibility,
acceptability, tolerability, and safety of this intervention using 2 modes of service delivery. Method: Children (n = 31; age 8-13) with anxiety
disorders were recruited from primary care settings and randomized to 1 of 2 modes of parent-mediated CBT bibliotherapy: (1) telephone-delivered,
therapist-assisted bibliotherapy (TTB; n = 15), and (2) a more minimal contact, self-directed, bibliotherapy condition (SB; n = 16). Independent
evaluators administered a diagnostic interview at baseline and posttreatment; demographic and engagement-related questionnaires were also
administered. Results: In the TTB group, 10 of 15 parents (66.7%) completed the requisite number of therapist-assisted bibliotherapy sessions, and in
the SB group, 4 of 16 parents (25%) completed the requisite number of self-directed bibliotherapy modules; this comparison was significant, chi2(1) =
5.43, p = .02. In the TTB condition, treatment length and session duration were longer than reported in previous studies. Barriers that were most
strongly endorsed were stressors and obstacles competing with treatment, as well as treatment demandingness. Findings revealed good satisfaction
across the conditions, although ratings were significantly higher in the TTB group, F = 5.67, p = .028. Remission rates (i.e., no anxiety disorder)
for those that provided posttreatment data (N = 25) were 50% and 36% for the TTB and SB groups, respectively, chi2(1) = .465, p = .50. Conclusions:
Implications of these feasibility findings and suggestions for future research are discussed. (clinicaltrials.gov unique identifier: NCT01491880).
(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 24(3) : 429-441
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Self-help
Chen, J., McLean,
J. E.., Kemps, E.
This study investigated the effects of combined audience feedback with video feedback plus
cognitive preparation, and cognitive review (enabling deeper processing of feedback) on state anxiety and self-perceptions including perception of
performance and perceived probability of negative evaluation in socially anxious individuals during a speech performance. One hundred and forty
socially anxious students were randomly assigned to four conditions: Cognitive Preparation + Video Feedback + Audience Feedback + Cognitive Review
(CP + VF + AF + CR), Cognitive Preparation + Video Feedback + Cognitive Review (CP + VF + CR), Cognitive Preparation + Video Feedback only (CP + VF),
and Control. They were asked to deliver two impromptu speeches that were evaluated by confederates. Participants' levels of anxiety and self-
perceptions pertaining to the speech task were assessed before and after feedback, and after the second speech. Compared to participants in the other
conditions, participants in the CP + VF + AF + CR condition reported a significant decrease in their state anxiety and perceived probability of
negative evaluation scores, and a significant increase in their positive perception of speech performance from before to after the feedback. These
effects generalized to the second speech. Our results suggest that adding audience feedback to video feedback plus cognitive preparation and
cognitive review may improve the effects of existing video feedback procedures in reducing anxiety symptoms and distorted self-representations in
socially anxious individuals. Copyright © 2017
Behavior Therapy, 49(2) : 165-
179
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Biofeedback, neurofeedback, audio/video feedback
Frayeh, A. L., Lewis, B.
A.
Objectives: Yoga is a
promising strategy for promoting positive body image. However, certain physical environmental factors, such as mirrors, might undermine yoga's
benefits. The present study examined the effect of mirrors on women's state body image and appearance comparisons during yoga. Design: Randomized
experimental design. Method: Ninety-seven college-aged females were randomly assigned to a 60-min group yoga class in either a mirrored or non-
mirrored setting. Surveys were completed prior to and immediately after class. Results: As hypothesized, the mirrored condition reported
significantly higher state social physique anxiety and appearance comparisons after yoga than the non-mirrored condition. Mediator analysis indicated
that within the mirrored condition, participants who engaged in more appearance comparisons reported higher state social physique anxiety than
participants who engaged in fewer comparisons. There were no between-group differences on state body satisfaction and self-objectification.
Conclusions: In the presence of mirrors, young women who reported engaging in more appearance comparisons during yoga reported higher social physique
anxiety than women who engaged in fewer comparisons. Participants were perhaps using the mirrors as a tool for comparison, which assists learning
yoga poses, but can also impact body image. Additional research examining the longer-term effects of regularly practicing yoga with mirrors is
merited. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychology of Sport and
Exercise, 35 : 47-54
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other Psychological Interventions, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)