Disorders - Psychosis Disorders
Salazar-De-Pablo, G., Catalan, A., Vaquerizo-Serrano, J., Pedruzo, B., Alameda, L., Sandroni, V., Armendariz, A., Rodriguez, V., Arango, C., Moreno, C., Downs, J., Abbott, C., Shin, J.
I., Solmi, M., Fusar-Poli, P., Correll, C. U.
Background Early-onset psychosis (EOP) refers to the development of a first episode of psychosis before 18 years of age.
Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) include adolescents and young adults, although most evidence has focused on adults. Negative
symptoms are important prognostic indicators in psychosis. However, research focusing on children and adolescents is limited. Aims To provide meta-
analytical evidence and a comprehensive review of the status and advances in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of negative symptoms in children
and adolescents with EOP and at CHR-P. Method PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022360925) from inception to 18 August 2022,
in any language, to identify individual studies conducted in EOP/CHR-P children and adolescents (mean age <18 years) providing findings on negative
symptoms. Findings were systematically appraised. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed on the prevalence of negative symptoms, carrying out
sensitivity analyses, heterogeneity analyses, publication bias assessment and quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Of 3289
articles, 133 were included (n = 6776 EOP, mean age 15.3 years (s.d. = 1.6), males = 56.1%; n = 2138 CHR-P, mean age 16.1 years (s.d. = 1.0), males =
48.6%). There were negative symptoms in 60.8% (95% CI 46.4%-75.2%) of the children and adolescents with EOP and 79.6% (95% CI 66.3-92.9%) of those at
CHR-P. Prevalence and severity of negative symptoms were associated with poor clinical, functional and intervention outcomes in both groups.
Different interventions were piloted, with variable results requiring further replication. Conclusions Negative symptoms are common in children and
adolescents at early stages of psychosis, particularly in those at CHR-P, and are associated with poor outcomes. Future intervention research is
required so that evidence-based treatments will become available. Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf
of the Royal College of Psychiatrists.
British Journal of
Psychiatry, 31(2) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: First episode (psychosis only), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any)
Petkari,
E, Martin-Maria, N, Sanchez-Gutierrez, T, Fernandez-Castilla, B, Calvo, A.
The increasing popularity of cognitive interventions for
patients with psychosis calls for further exploration on how these interventions may benefit functional outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis of
randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the effectiveness of cognitive interventions (i.e. Cognitive Remediation, Cognitive Training, Social
Cognition, and their combination) on functioning of patients with recent onset psychosis, established as the period within the first five years from
the first episode. The following databases were searched: Proquest, PUBMED/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, WOS, Scopus for research published until January 2022.
In total, 12 studies were eligible. The total number of participants was 759, of which 32.2% in the intervention and 30.8% in the control group were
female. We extracted data to calculate the standardized mean change from pre-test to post-test comparing the intervention with the control
conditions. Overall, there was no effect of any of the cognitive intervention types on functioning. None of the examined factors (intervention type,
length, and modality; control condition, follow-up time; cognitive functions; medication; symptoms) seemed to moderate these findings. Our results
indicate that cognitive interventions as standalone interventions do not appear to improve functioning in patients with recent onset psychosis. Given
the small number of eligible studies, further RCTs with larger and more refined samples are needed to test whether these interventions should be
applied as single interventions with these patients.
Psychological medicine, 53(8) : 3306-
3321
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive remediation
therapy
Myin-Germeys, I., Van-Aubel, E., Vaessen, T., Steinhart, H., Klippel, A., Lafit, G., Viechtbauer, W., Batink, T., Van-Winkel, R., Van-Der-Gaag, M.
Aims: The aim of the INTERACT study was to test the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life (ACT-DL), a
combination of face-to-face therapy with an Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI), in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) for reducing psychotic
distress. Method(s): Individuals aged 15-65 years with clinically established ultra-high risk or first episode of psychosis were randomly assigned to
TAU or ACT-DL + TAU. ACT-DL + TAU consisted of 8 ACT-sessions augmented with an EMI-app. Primary outcome (psychotic distress assessed with the
Comprehensive Assessment scale of At Risk Mental State [CAARMS]), and secondary outcomes were assessed at postintervention and 6- and 12-month follow
up. Secondary outcomes included functioning, symptom severity, and momentary psychotic distress. We performed multivariate mixed models according to
intent-to-treat principles. Result(s): One hundred and fifteen participants provided primary outcome data at least at one follow-up assessment. There
was no evidence of greater reduction in the primary outcome measure CAARMS distress in ACT-DL + TAU compared to TAU. However, out of the tested
secondary outcomes, global functioning, and negative symptoms, improved in ACT-DL + TAU compared to TAU, as did momentary psychotic distress.
Conclusion(s): The study did not support a significant effect of ACT-DL over TAU on the primary outcome measure of psychotic distress as assessed
with the CAARMS. Although significant improvements were found for some secondary outcome measures, further replication studies are needed to confirm
the strength and specificity of these effects.
Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 17(Supplement 1) : 14-
15
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT)
McGorry, P. D., Mei, C., Amminger, G. P., Yuen, H. P., Kerr, M., Spark, J., Wallis, N., Polari, A., Baird, S., Buccilli, K., Dempsey, S.
A., Ferguson, N., Formica, M., Krcmar, M., Quinn, A. L., Mebrahtu, Y., Ruslins, A., Street, R., Wannan, C., Dixon, L., Carter, C., Loewy, R., Niendam, T. A., Shumway, M., Nelson, B.
Importance:
Clinical trials have not established the optimal type, sequence, and duration of interventions for people at ultrahigh risk of psychosis.\rObjective:
To determine the effectiveness of a sequential and adaptive intervention strategy for individuals at ultrahigh risk of psychosis.\rDesign, Setting,
and Participants: The Staged Treatment in Early Psychosis (STEP) sequential multiple assignment randomized trial took place within the clinical
program at Orygen, Melbourne, Australia. Individuals aged 12 to 25 years who were seeking treatment and met criteria for ultrahigh risk of psychosis
according to the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States were recruited between April 2016 and January 2019. Of 1343 individuals
considered, 342 were recruited.\rInterventions: Step 1: 6 weeks of support and problem solving (SPS); step 2: 20 weeks of cognitive-behavioral case
management (CBCM) vs SPS; and step 3: 26 weeks of CBCM with fluoxetine vs CBCM with placebo with an embedded fast-fail option of omega-3 fatty acids
or low-dose antipsychotic medication. Individuals who did not remit progressed through these steps; those who remitted received SPS or monitoring for
up to 12 months.\rMain Outcomes and Measures: Global Functioning: Social and Role scales (primary outcome), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Scale for
the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, quality of life, transition to psychosis, and remission and relapse
rates.\rResults: The sample comprised 342 participants (198 female; mean [SD] age, 17.7 [3.1] years). Remission rates, reflecting sustained
symptomatic and functional improvement, were 8.5%, 10.3%, and 11.4% at steps 1, 2, and 3, respectively. A total of 27.2% met remission criteria at
any step. Relapse rates among those who remitted did not significantly differ between SPS and monitoring (step 1: 65.1% vs 58.3%; step 2: 37.7% vs
47.5%). There was no significant difference in functioning, symptoms, and transition rates between SPS and CBCM and between CBCM with fluoxetine and
CBCM with placebo. Twelve-month transition rates to psychosis were 13.5% (entire sample), 3.3% (those who ever remitted), and 17.4% (those with no
remission).\rConclusions and Relevance: In this sequential multiple assignment randomized trial, transition rates to psychosis were moderate, and
remission rates were lower than expected, partly reflecting the ambitious criteria set and challenges with real-world treatment fidelity and
adherence. While all groups showed mild to moderate functional and symptomatic improvement, this was typically short of remission. While further
adaptive trials that address these challenges are needed, findings confirm substantial and sustained morbidity and reveal relatively poor
responsiveness to existing treatments.\rTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02751632.
JAMA
Psychiatry, 28 : 28
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Atypical Antipsychotics (second
generation), Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions, Fish oil (Omega-3 fatty acids), Omega 3 fatty
acids (e.g. fish oil, flax oil), Case management, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Mancini, V, Latreche, C, Rochas, V, Maeder, J, Michel, C, Eliez, S.
Abstract Atypical cognitive development is
associated to the risk to develop a psychotic disorder in the general population, as not only it precedes the emergence of the first psychotic
symptoms, but it also predicts their later severity and further cognitive decline. Thus, early modulatory intervention targeting cognition might
potentially attenuate the burden of the illness. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the neurogenetic disorder with the highest genetic risk for
schizophrenia. Individuals with 22q11DS are characterized by impaired visuo-spatial memory. For this reason, we designed a non-invasive brain
stimulation protocol to enhance visual working memory (WM). 26 youths with a confirmed diagnosis of 22q11DS were included in this study. We employed
individual parameters for the stimulation to model anatomical variability. T1 and T2-weighted MRIs and EEG recordings during a WM task were acquired
on the first day. Time-frequency analysis and theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling between temporal and prefrontal seeds were conducted to determine
the individual theta-band (4-8Hz) peak for the stimulation. Current flow modeling using individual MRI was performed with the software SimNIBS. The
resulting parameters were used for the in-phase theta stimulation, with 3 electrodes placed on the left prefrontal cortex and 3 on the left temporal
cortex. Participants were randomized to the order of sham and real stimulation for the following 2 days and underwent an EEG task during the WM task
and during a control task before and after each stimulation session. This is the first brain stimulation study in individuals with 22q11DS and we
showed that the use tACS is safe in this population, as no major side effects were reported. Behavioural results highlighted an increase in the
number of correct answers to the WM task by 10% but not to the control task. These preliminary findings encourage the application of repeated
sessions of tACS in this clinical population. Research Category and Technology and Methods Clinical Research: 8. Transcranial Alternating Current
Stimulation (tACS) Keywords: psychosis, working memory, brain oscillations, tACS Copyright © 2023
Brain Stimulation, 16(1) : 296
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Other biological interventions
Maechling, C., Yrondi, A., Cambon, A.
Purpose: The purpose of this systematic literature review
is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of mobile health methods in the management of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).\rMethod: The
participants are patients with FEP. The interventions are smartphone applications. The studies assess the preliminary efficacy of various types of
application.\rResults: One study found that monitoring symptoms minimized relapses, visits to A&E and hospital admissions, while one study showed a
decrease in positive psychotic symptoms. One study found an improvement in anxiety symptoms and two studies noted an improvement in psychotic
symptoms. One study demonstrated its efficacy in helping participants return to studying and employment and one study reported improved motivation.
\rConclusion: The studies suggest that mobile applications have potential value in the management of young patients with FEP through the use of
various assessment and intervention tools. This systematic review has several limitations due to the lack of randomized controlled studies available
in the literature.
Frontiers in psychiatry Frontiers Research
Foundation, 14 : 1137644
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: First episode (psychosis only), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Lo, P. M. T., Lui, S. S. Y., Law, C. K. M., Roberts, D. L., Siu, A. M. H.
Social cognitive impairment is a
core limiting factor of functional recovery among persons with first episode psychosis (FEP). Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT) is a
group-based, manualized training with demonstrated evidence in improving social cognitive performance among people with schizophrenia. However, there
are few studies on the effect of SCIT for people with FEP and for people in non-Western societies. This study evaluated the feasibility,
acceptability and initial effectiveness of the locally-adapted SCIT in improving social cognitive functioning in Chinese people with FEP. The SCIT
was delivered two sessions per week over a 10-weeks period, each session lasted for 60-90 min. A total of 72 subjects with FEP were recruited from an
outpatient clinic and randomized to conventional rehabilitation (\"Rehab\") and experimental (\"SCIT and Rehab\") groups. Primary outcome measures
included four social cognitive domains including emotion perception, theory-of-mind, attributional bias and jumping-to-conclusion, and secondary
measures included neurocognition, social competence and quality of life. Participants were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 3-months post-
treatment. Repeated measures ANCOVAs, with baseline scores as covariates, were used to compare the group differences in various outcomes across time.
The results showed that the SCIT was well-accepted, with a satisfactory completion rate and subjective ratings of relevance in the experimental
group. Moreover, treatment completers (n = 28) showed evidence of an advantage, over conventional group (n = 31), in reduced attributional bias and
jumping-to-conclusions at treatment completion, lending initial support for the SCIT in Chinese people with FEP. Future research should address the
limitations of this study, using more refined outcome measurements and higher treatment intensity of the SCIT. Copyright © 2023 Lo, Lui, Law, Roberts
and Siu.
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14 (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Lepage, M., Bowie, C. R., Montreuil,
T., Baer, L., Percie-Du-Sert, O., Lecomte, T., Joober, R., Abdel-Baki, A., Jarvis, G.
E., Margolese, H. C., De-Benedictis, L., Schmitz, N., Malla, A. K.
BACKGROUND: Social anxiety (SA), a prevalent comorbid condition in psychotic disorders with a negative impact on functioning, requires
adequate intervention relatively early. Using a randomized controlled trial, we tested the efficacy of a group cognitive-behavioral therapy
intervention for SA (CBT-SA) that we developed for youth who experienced the first episode of psychosis (FEP). For our primary outcome, we
hypothesized that compared to the active control of group cognitive remediation (CR), the CBT-SA group would show a reduction in SA that would be
maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. For secondary outcomes, it was hypothesized that the CBT-SA group would show a reduction of positive and
negative symptoms and improvements in recovery and functioning.\rMETHOD: Ninety-six patients with an FEP and SA, recruited from five different FEP
programs in the Montreal area, were randomized to 13 weekly group sessions of either CBT-SA or CR intervention.\rRESULTS: Linear mixed models
revealed that multiple measures of SA significantly reduced over time, but with no significant group differences. Positive and negative symptoms, as
well as functioning improved over time, with negative symptoms and functioning exhibiting a greater reduction in the CBT-SA group.\rCONCLUSIONS:
While SA decreased over time with both interventions, a positive effect of the CBT-SA intervention on measures of negative symptoms, functioning, and
self-reported recovery at follow-up suggests that our intervention had a positive effect that extended beyond symptoms specific to
SA.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02294409.
Psychological medicine, 53(8) : 3335-3344
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Social phobia (social anxiety disorder), Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Cognitive remediation
therapy
Kimhy, D, Xu, X, Rogers, R. T, Buchsbaum, R, Stefancic, A, Nossel, I, Styke, S, Cabassa, L. J, Stroup, T. S.
Introduction: First-episode psychosis
(FEP) is a critical period to optimize treatments, including psychotropic medications, to enhance treatment satisfaction and adherence. However,
evidence suggests that a significant gap exists between the optimal use of medications and how they are used in 'real-world' practice.
Specifically, many patients receive higher than recommended dosages of antipsychotic medications, resulting in troubling symptoms and side-effects,
lower treatment satisfaction, as well as poorer therapeutic relationship and treatment engagement. To address these issues, here we report on the
FREEDoM (FiRst EpisodE Digital Monitoring) pilot study, an appbased mHealth intervention designed to enhance treatment of FEP patients by improving
the quality, quantity, and timeliness of clinical data available to clinicians and patients to enhance the therapeutic relationship and shared
decision-making Method: FEP patients (aged 16-30) receiving treatment in specialty FEP clinics were randomized to 6 months of treatment-as-usual and
using the FREEDoM app or treatment-as-usual only Results: 23 patients (16 M, 7F) were randomized to use the FREEDoM app (n = 14) or treatment-as-
usual (n = 9). In preliminary analyses participants reported the app was easy to use, resulted in minimal disruption in daily activities, expressed
interest using it again recommended it to others, and overall expressed high satisfaction Participants indicated the app improved treatment, enhanced
communication with prescribers, as well as provided new and more detailed clinical information Discussion: The FREEDoM app is the first smartphone-
based intervention targeting enhancement of shared-decision making and therapeutic relationship in the treatment of FEP. Our results provide
preliminary support for further development of the app.
Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 17(Supplement 1) : 215
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Kaur, R, Sidana, A, Malhotra, N, Tyagi, S.
Background: There is underutilization of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics for first-
episode schizophrenia (FES) despite having convenient dosing and treatment retention. LAIs are predominantly used for patients with poor compliance,
chronic course, and multiple relapses.\rMaterials and Methods: Seventy-two treatment naive patients with the first episode of Schizophrenia (DSM-5)
were assessed for baseline severity of psychopathology using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and quality of life (QOL) using the
WHOQOL-BREF scale. Patients were randomized to receive either oral haloperidol or LAI haloperidol for a period of 12 weeks.\rResults: Both the groups
had a significant reduction in PANSS scores and improvement in QoL over 12 weeks period (P = 0.0001). The LAI group showed greater adherence and
significantly better quality of life than the oral group (P = 0.023). The mean numbers of side effects were less in the LAI group at week 2 as
compared to the oral group.\rConclusion: LAI haloperidol is similar to oral haloperidol in patients with FES with respect to treatment response and
offers benefits in form of a lesser number of side effects during early treatment, overall better adherence rates, and better QOL.
, 65(4) : 404-411
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Typical Antipsychotics (first generation), Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Iyer, S. N, Rangaswamy, T, Mustafa, S, Pawliuk, N, Mohan, G, Joober, R, Schmitz, N, Margolese, H, Padmavati, R, Malla, A.
OBJECTIVES: Most cross-cultural psychosis research has focused on a limited number of outcomes (generally symptom-related) and perspectives (often
clinician-/observer-rated). It is unknown if the purported superior outcomes for psychosis in some low- and middle-income countries extend to
patient-reported measures of social, recreational, and independent functioning. Addressing this gap, this study aimed to compare these outcomes in
first-episode psychosis at a high-income site and a lower middle-income site.\rMETHODS: Patients receiving similarly designed early intervention for
psychosis in Chennai, India (N = 164) and Montreal, Canada (N = 140) completed the self-reported Social Functioning Scale-Early Intervention, which
measures prosocial, recreation, and independence-performance functioning. Their case managers rated expected independence-performance functioning.
Both sets of assessments were done at entry and Months 6, 18, and 24. Linear mixed model analyses of differences between sites and over time were
conducted, accounting for other pertinent variables, especially negative symptoms.\rRESULTS: Linear mixed models showed that prosocial, recreation,
and independence-performance functioning scores were significantly higher in Montreal than Chennai and did not change over time. Expected
independence-performance was also higher in Montreal and increased over time. Negative symptoms and education independently predicted prosocial,
recreation, and expected independence-performance functioning. When added to the model, expected independence-performance predicted actual
independence-performance and site was no longer significant. At both sites, prosocial and recreation scores were consistently lower (<40%) than
independence-performance (40-65%).\rCONCLUSION: This is the first cross-cultural investigation of prosocial, recreation, and independent functioning
in early psychosis. It demonstrates that these outcomes differ by socio-cultural context. Differing levels of expectations about patients, themselves
shaped by cultural, illness, and social determinants, may contribute to cross-cultural variations in functional outcomes. At both sites, social,
recreational, and independent functioning were in the low-to-moderate range and there was no improvement over time, underscoring the need for
effective interventions specifically designed to impact these outcomes.
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry - Revue Canadienne de
Psychiatrie, : 7067437231153796
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Guertzenstein, E.
Introduction: Schizophrenia is a neurobehavioral disorder
which affects about 0,7 - 1% of people in the world and perhaps the most difficult psychiatric syndrome to define. This research is based on a
staging model for schizophrenia: trema (the prodrome); apophany and anastrophe (delusion as revelation and delusions of reference) and apocalyptic
(phase corresponds to destruction of the psychic configuration, experience of loss of identity) by the German psychiatrist Klaus Conrad (1905 -
1961). The aim of this prospective study was to compare the effect of electroconvulsive treatment with the effect of neuroleptic drugs treatment: -
total remission of trema symptoms (two days duration) - regress to pre-trema condition and remain in it without treatment Methods: From December 2010
to December 2019, we examined seventeen (17) men aged 18 - 21 years with symptoms of acute trema (two days- symptoms) for the first time, not caused
by substance use dependence or by \"physical\" illness. Electroconvulsive treatment was proposed for all 17 patients, however only 5 accepted it and
12 received neuroleptic drug treatment. 10 patients received Haloperidol 5 mg, maximum 3 tablets daily and 2 received Risperidone 2 mg, maximum 2.5
tablets daily. None of the patients was admitted to a psychiatric or a general hospital; they remained in their homes with a caregiver. Patients
treated with electroconvulsive therapy received six weeks treatment of 2mA anodal left cathodal right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) -
bifrontal stimulation - tDCS 30 minutes session twice a week (12 treatments). The others underwent treatment with Haloperidol 5 mg or Risperidone 2
mg. Patients were evaluated according to the criteria by the CGI Clinical Global Impressions-CGI-S Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness and
CGI-I Clinical Global Impression of Improvement. Result(s): Patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy received six weeks treatment of 2mA
anodal left cathodal right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) - bifrontal stimulation - tDCS 30 minutes session twice a week (12 treatments). The
others underwent treatment with Haloperidol 5 mg or Risperidone 2 mg. Patients were evaluated according to the criteria by the CGI Clinical Global
Impressions-CGI-S Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness and CGI-I Clinical Global Impression of Improvement. Conclusion(s): x Despite our
small sample, electroconvulsive therapy proved to be more efficient in treating the prodromal phase of schizophrenia than neuroleptics therapy. In
the literature on electroconvulsive treatment in schizophrenia this is only indicated when the patient is resistant to neuroleptic treatment.
Disclosure: Eda Guertzenstein: None Copyright © 2023
Neuromodulation, 26(4 Supplement) : S198
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Atypical Antipsychotics (second
generation), Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)