Disorders - Eating Disorders
Yager, Z., Doley, J. R., McLean, S. A., Griffiths, S.
Although body
dissatisfaction is common among adolescent boys, few intervention programs specifically developed for boys have been shown to be effective for
reducing body dissatisfaction. Our study aim was to evaluate Goodform, a 4-session, teacher delivered intervention program specifically developed for
boys to reduce body dissatisfaction and muscle building supplement use. The Goodform program was based on cognitive dissonance, social learning
theory, and a social norms approach, and drew from two existing body image intervention programs that have shown promise among males: The Body
Project- More than Muscles, and the Athletes Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids Program (ATLAS). A sample of 488 boys in grades 9 and 10 (Mage =
14.81, SDage = 0.51) at nine secondary schools in Australia were randomly assigned to Goodform (n = 244) or control (n = 244) at the school level.
Self-reported body image, supplement use, anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use, and attitudes around using AAS and muscle building supplements were
measured at baseline, post-intervention, and eight-week follow-up. Analyses with multi-level, mixed-effect regression models revealed no changes over
time attributable to the intervention. Our results have implications for researchers in the body image and eating disorder prevention fields. Lessons
learned in this study can inform future school-based efforts for reducing muscle building supplement use. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
Body image, 44 : 24-35
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions
Wittek, T., Zeiler, M., Truttmann, S., Philipp, J., Kahlenberg, L., Schneider,
A., Kopp, K., Krauss, H., Auer-Welsbach, E., Koubek, D., Ohmann, S., Werneck-Rohrer, S., Sackl-Pammer, P., Laczkovics, C., Mitterer, M., Schmidt, U., Karwautz, A., Wagner, G.
Objective: The aim of
this study was examining the efficacy of the Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adolescents and Young Adults (MANTRa) compared to
individual psychotherapy that can be considered as standard in Austria (TAU-O). Method(s): In this cohort study, 92 patients between 13 and 21 years
suffering from full-syndrome, atypical or weight-restored anorexia nervosa (AN) received either 24-34 individual MANTRa sessions (n = 45) or TAU-O (n
= 47). Outcome variables were age- and sex-related BMI, eating disorder and comorbid psychopathology at 6-, 12- and 18-month post baseline as well as
acceptability of treatment and therapeutic alliance. Result(s): Both treatments resulted in significant improvements in age- and sex related BMI and
reductions in eating disorder and comorbid psychopathology over time with significant differences between groups in favour of MANTRa. The percentage
of participants with fully remitted AN was significantly higher in the MANTRa group compared to TAU-O at 18-month follow-up (MANTRa: 46% vs. TAU-O:
16%, p = 0.006). Satisfaction with both treatments was high. Conclusion(s): MANTRa is an effective treatment programme for adolescents and young
adults with AN. Randomised controlled trials comparing MANTRa with existing treatments are necessary. Trial registration: The trial was registered at
clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03535714). Copyright © 2023 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders
Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
European Eating Disorders Review., :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any), Anorexia Nervosa
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Vidmar, Alaina P., Salvy, Sarah J., Wee, Choo Phei, Pretlow, Robert, Fox, D., Yee, Jennifer K., Garell, Cambria, Glasner, Suzette, Mittelman, Steven D.
Objective: This randomized clinical trial tested the effectiveness of an addictionbased
digital weight-loss intervention, focusing on withdrawal/abstinence from selfidentified problem foods, snacking and excessive amounts at meals, and
discomfort displacement, with and without coaching, compared to an in-person, multi-disciplinary, care model among adolescents with obesity. We
hypothesized that the digital intervention with coaching would yield greater weight loss and lower delivery burden than the standard clinical arm,
and greater participant engagement than the digital arm without coaching.\rMethods: Adolescents were randomized to app intervention, with or without
coaching, or in-person multidisciplinary obesity intervention for 6 months. The primary outcome was change in %BMIp95 at weeks 12 and 24. A mixed-
effects linear regression model was used to assess the association between change in %BMIp95 and intervention arm. We were also interested in
assessing delivery burden, participant engagement and evaluating the relationships between weight change and demographic characteristics, mood,
executive function and eating behaviours.\rResults: All adolescents (n = 161; BMI
Pediatric Obesity Vol 18(3), 2023, ArtID e12990, 18(3) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any), Binge Eating Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Turk, F., Kellett, S., Waller, G.
State body shame is a risk factor for eating
disorders, and self-compassion is emerging as a potentially effective treatment option in such cases. This study tested the efficacy of a brief (15-
minute) self-compassion intervention in reducing state body shame. Using dismantling trial methodology, participants were randomly allocated to an
active compassion condition (n = 23), an inactive control compassion condition (n = 23), or an educational control condition (n = 23). Measures of
state body image and state shame were collected pre-intervention, immediately after the intervention, and a day after the intervention. Subjective
units of state body shame (SUBS) were intensively measured during each invention. Self-compassion interventions were equally efficacious at
protecting against deterioration of state body shame and were effective at reducing state shame compared to the educational control condition, with
medium effect sizes (respectively - np2 =.07 and np2 =.08). Reductions in state shame were retained at
follow-up. None of the interventions had an effect on body image (np2 =.04). Findings demonstrate the clinical promise of brief
self-compassion interventions, particularly as evidenced-based \"homework\" exercises. Copyright © 2023 Association for Behavioral and Cognitive
Therapies
, 54(5) : 916-928
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Stice, Eric, Rohde, Paul, Gau, Jeff M., Bearman, Sarah Kate, Shaw, Heather
Objective: College students are at particularly high risk for mental health problems, such as eating disorders, which are associated with
functional impairment, distress, and morbidity, but barriers limit implementation of evidence-based interventions at colleges. We evaluated the
effectiveness and implementation quality of a peer educator (PE) delivered eating disorder prevention program (the Body Project [BP]), which has a
broad evidence-based using a train-the-trainer (TTT) approach and experimentally evaluated three levels of implementation support. Impact Statement
This study evaluated the effectiveness and implementation quality of an evidence-based peer educator delivered eating disorder prevention program
using a train-the-trainer approach and experimentally evaluated three levels of implementation support. Results suggest that this prevention program
can be effectively implemented on college campuses using peer educators and a train-the-trainer approach and that the addition of technical
assistance and quality assurance resulted in significantly larger improvements in outcomes for group participants and marginally higher intervention
adherence and competence by peer educators. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology, 91(4) : 208-220
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Stice, E., Rohde, P., Butryn, M. L., Desjardins, C., Shaw, H.
Objective: Test whether the efficacy of Project Health, an obesity/eating disorder prevention program, is improved by
delivering it in single-sex groups and adding food response inhibition and attention training. Method(s): High-risk young adults (N = 261; M age =
19.3, 74% female) were randomized to (1) single-sex or (2) mixed-sex groups that completed food response inhibition and attention training or (3)
single-sex or (4) mixed-sex groups that completed sham training with nonfood images in a 2 x 2 factorial design. Result(s): There was a significant
sex-composition by training-type by time interaction; participants who completed single- or mixed-sex Project Health groups plus food response and
attention training showed significant reductions in body fat over a 2-year follow-up, though this effect was more rapid and persistent in single-sex
groups, whereas those who completed single- or mixed-sex Project Health groups plus sham training did not show body fat change. However, there were
no differences in overweight/obesity onset over the follow-up. The manipulated factors did not affect eating disorder symptoms or eating disorder
onset, but there was a significant reduction in symptoms across the conditions (within-condition d = -0.58), converging with prior evidence that
Project Health produced larger reductions in symptoms (within-condition d = -0.48) than educational control participants. Average eating disorder
onset over the 2-year follow-up (6.4%) was similar to that observed in Project Health in a past trial (4.5%). Conclusion(s): Given that Project
Health significantly reduced future onset of overweight/obesity in a prior trial and the present trial found that body fat loss effects were
significantly greater when implemented in single-sex groups and paired with food response and attention training, there might be value in broadly
implementing this combined intervention. Copyright © 2023 by the authors.
Nutrients, 15(4) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Attention/cognitive bias
modification, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Stice, E., Bohon,
C., Shaw, H., Desjardins, C. D.
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether the Body Project prevention program reduces eating disorder risk factors and symptoms when implemented via
synchronous video telepsychiatry, which could markedly increase the reach of this intervention and test whether a pay-it-forward donation model could
support sustained implementation of this intervention.\rMETHOD: Young women at high risk for eating disorders because of body image concerns (N = 75;
age range 16-27) were randomized to Body Project groups delivered virtually by peer educators or a waitlist control condition; participants who
completed the Body Project for free because of past donations were encouraged to donate money so that this intervention could be provided for free to
others.\rRESULTS: Participants randomized to virtually delivered Body Project groups showed significantly or marginally greater pretest-to-posttest
reductions in pursuit of the thin ideal, body dissatisfaction, dieting, negative affect, and eating disorder symptoms than controls. The average
effect was large (d = .79), which was 49% larger than the average effect observed previously for in-person peer-educator-delivered Body Project
groups (d = .53; [.76-.53 = .23/.53 = 49%]). However, only 3.6% of participants donated money to support future implementation of this intervention.
\rCONCLUSIONS: The evidence that the Body Project produced large reductions in eating disorder risk factors and symptoms when implemented virtually
and that the effects were larger than for in-person Body Project groups suggests it would be useful to implement this prevention program virtually,
which could expand the reach of this intervention. Future studies should evaluate alternative methods for supporting sustained implementation of this
prevention program. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Journal of Consulting & Clinical
Psychology, 91(3) : 139-149
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Cognitive dissonance
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Simmons, M. B., Cartner, S., MacDonald, R., Whitson, S., Bailey, A., Brown, E.
Background: Peer
workers support individuals experiencing mental health challenges by drawing on their shared lived experience. Peer support has become increasingly
popular for young people with anxiety and depression, but the evidence base is unclear. This systematic review aimed to understand the effectiveness
of peer support for youth depression and anxiety (either primary or comorbid), and to understand in which contexts, for whom, and why peer support
works. Method(s): A systematic search was conducted with the Orygen Evidence Finder, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo from January 1980 to July 2022.
Controlled trials of interventions to improve mental health in young people (mean age 14-24), delivered by a peer worker with lived experienced of
mental health challenges were included. Outcomes related to depression or anxiety were extracted and descriptive synthesis was undertaken due to the
heterogeneity of studies. Study quality was rated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme; reporting adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items
for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Result(s): Nine randomised controlled trials with 2,003 participants were included, with
seven undertaken in high income countries. One targeted depression and anxiety, two stigma-distress (any mental disorder), one first episode
psychosis, four studies preventing eating disorders and one drug misuse. One study successfully reduced anxiety and depression, another reduced
depression only, four reported reductions in negative affect, with the final three measuring, but not having a significant impact on depression.
Study quality was rated as 'good' overall. Discussion(s): Despite the uptake of youth peer support globally, there is limited evidence from
controlled trials of the effect of peer support-related interventions on anxiety and depression. There is some effect on negative affect, especially
for university students. Further rigorously designed trials of peer delivered interventions for young people need to be conducted with a focus on
understanding the mechanisms of action underpinning peer support. Copyright © 2023, The Author(s).
BMC Psychiatry, 23(1) (no pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders
(any), Psychosis Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention), First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Rutsztein, G., Scappatura, M.
L., Elizathe, L., Leonardelli, E., Murawski, B., Lievendag, L., Sanday, J., Falivelli, M. B. B., Bidacovich, G., Keegan, E.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the
efficacy of an integrated program (PIA-2) to reduce the risk for problems related to eating, weight and body image in female adolescents from
Argentina.\rMETHOD: A quasi-experimental study was conducted by comparing an experimental group versus a control group. The final sample included 509
girls aged 13-18 (M = 15.39 and SD = 1.30) from nine schools located in three geographical regions. They provided data at three assessment time
points: baseline, post-intervention and a 3-month follow-up. Dependent variables included skipping breakfast, physical activity, eating disorder risk
and thin-ideal internalization. The program was carried out in three 90-minute sessions within usual school hours, at 1-week intervals.\rRESULTS:
Participants who received the intervention decreased more than the control group in skipping breakfast month by month. However, a significant effect
of the intervention was not found on physical activity, eating disorder risk, and thin-ideal internalization.\rDISCUSSION: The presence of mixed
findings shows the need to adjust the intervention to enhance the results. The importance of working jointly with other Latin American countries is
emphasized, in order to promote the growth of the field of prevention, regarding cultural particularities shared by our societies.\rPUBLIC
SIGNIFICANCE: Integrated programs aimed at reducing risk factors for the entire spectrum of problems related to eating, weight and body image could
lead to beneficial and more efficient effects. However, their development is still incipient in Latin America. PIA-2 Program, designed for female
adolescents, produced positive results in one of the four variables studied, decreasing the weekly frequency of skipping breakfast among adolescents.
This is pioneering research in Argentina and the region since very few studies on integrated prevention have been published in Latin America. It is
crucial to continue with efforts aimed at developing programs that are suited to the specific needs of the population of Latin American countries. In
this aspect, our study is undoubtedly an important contribution.
International Journal of Eating Disorders, 56(4) : 758-
769
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
O'Mara, M., Greene, D., Watson, H., Shafran, R., Kenworthy, I., Cresswell, C., Egan, S. J.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Guided and unguided self-help prevention and treatment interventions for eating disorders delivered via traditional book format or internet delivery
have been widely researched, but no reviews have focused specifically on young people. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to
examine the efficacy of randomised controlled trials of self-help interventions for eating disorders in young people with a mean age between 13 and
24 years.\rMETHODS: A total of 8 intervention groups across 7 publications of self-help interventions which were prevention and treatment trials for
eating disorders, were identified (N = 985 participants; mean pooled age = ~19 years).\rRESULTS: There was a significant very small effect (pooled g
= -0.17) of self-help interventions at post-treatment which was non-significant at follow-up (pooled g = -0.14). No evidence of publication bias was
found.\rLIMITATIONS: There were limitations of the review, including a lack of active treatment comparisons, a small number of trials included, and
few studies included an age range.\rCONCLUSIONS: Results from this preliminary meta-analysis suggest very small but significant effects, however
further studies are required to determine whether self-help approaches are effective for prevention and treatment of eating disorder symptoms in
young people. Future meta-analyses should include a larger number of trials, and younger age range of children to examine the efficacy of self-help
interventions for eating disorders in young people.
Journal of Behavior Therapy &
Experimental Psychiatry, 78 : 101777
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Self-help
Miralles-Amoros, L., Vicente-Martinez, M., Martinez-Olcina, M., Asencio-Mas, N., Gonzalvez-Alvarado, L., Penaranda-Moraga,
M., Leyva-Vela, B., Yanez-Sepulveda, R., Cortes-Roco, G., Martinez-Rodriguez, A.
Low energy availability may precede or be caused by cognitive disturbances in professional athletes. Related
psychological problems include disordered eating patterns, body shape preoccupation, depression or anxiety. The objective of this research was to
evaluate the effects of different personalised dietary plans on psychological factors in young professional female handball players with low energy
availability. This 12-week randomised clinical trial involved 21 female players aged 22 +/- 4 years, 172.0 +/- 5.4 cm and 68.4 +/- 6.7 kg divided
into three groups (FD: free diet; MD: Mediterranean diet; HAD: high antioxidant diet). Eating behaviour (Eating Attitude Test, EAT-26: diet, bulimia
and oral control subscales), body image (Body Shape Questionnaire, BSQ) and mood state (Profile of Mode State, POMS: tension, vigour, anger,
depression, fatigue) were assessed. All participants showed low energy availability (<30 kcal/lean mass per day). The different plans showed no
significant differences between them but significant differences over time within groups for the variables: body image, Tension, Vigour and
Depression (p < 0.05). Eating behaviour improved slightly but did not show statistically significant changes. Following an adequate nutritional
planning for athletes seems to improve the mood and body perception of young female handball players. A longer intervention period is required to
assess the differences between diets and improvement of other parameters. Copyright © 2023 by the authors.
Children, 10(2) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Dietary advice, dietary change
Merwin, Rhonda M., Nikolaou, Patrisia, Moskovich, Ashley A., Babyak, Michael, Smith, Patrick J., Karekla,
Maria
Body image flexibility (BIF) has been suggested as a transdiagnostic process of change in
eating disorder (ED) interventions, but data remain sparse. The current study examined the relationship between BIF and treatment effects in a
randomized controlled trial comparing a digital ACT-based intervention to a waitlist control for early ED intervention. Women and girls with elevated
Weight Concern Scale (WCS) scores were randomized to either the ACT intervention or a waitlist control. Linear regression models were used to examine
the impact of treatment on WCS scores controlling for age and body-mass index and BIF was examined as a mediator of change. Change in BIF was also
examined as a predictor of Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) global scores at 1-month in the ACT condition. ACT participants had
greater reductions in WCS scores, an effect partially mediated by BIF and concentrated almost entirely in the ACT condition. Increased BIF from
baseline to end-of-treatment also predicted lower EDE-Q scores at 1-month post-intervention. The current study suggests additional research exploring
BIF as a process of change in EDs is warranted and could expand understanding of how treatment works or treatment options. Additional studies with
more frequent, complete and concordant assessments between groups are needed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
Body image, 44 : 131-
135
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)