Disorders - Eating Disorders
Martin, Shelby J., Saulnier, Kevin G., Horvath, Sarah A., Anderson, Timothy
Athletes experience elevated risk for eating pathology (EP), but evidence lower levels
of help seeking for EP than the general population. Indeed, athletes experience general (e.g., stigma) and athlete-specific (e.g., \"push past
physical and mental pain\" attitude) barriers to help-seeking. Although general mental health help-seeking interventions have improved help seeking
outcomes in athlete samples, no study has developed an intervention to increase EP help-seeking among athletes. The current study examined the
effects of a 75-min mental health literacy and stigma reduction intervention among 107 collegiate athletes (54.2% female) randomly assigned to an
intervention or control group. All athletes completed measures of help-seeking stigma, attitudes, intentions, and behavior at baseline, post-
intervention, and six-week follow-up. At post-intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in attitudes and intentions
towards seeking help for EP and general mental health, relative to the control group. No significant differences in stigma were found between the
groups. At six-week follow-up, the intervention group demonstrated higher rates of help-seeking and/or referring a friend for help than the control
group. However, sustained improvements in help-seeking attitudes and intentions were not present in the intervention group compared to the control
group, apart from EP help-seeking attitudes. Findings support the effectiveness of a customized intervention to improve EP help-seeking variables
among athletes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychology of Sport and Exercise Vol 50 2020, ArtID
101731, :
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention:
Linardon, J., Shatte, A., Rosato, J., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M.
BACKGROUND: Although
effective treatments exist for diagnostic and subthreshold-level eating disorders (EDs), a significant proportion of affected individuals do not
receive help. Interventions translated for delivery through smartphone apps may be one solution towards reducing this treatment gap. However,
evidence for the efficacy of smartphones apps for EDs is lacking. We developed a smartphone app based on the principles and techniques of
transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy for EDs and evaluated it through a pre-registered randomized controlled trial. METHOD(S): Symptomatic
individuals (those who reported the presence of binge eating) were randomly assigned to the app (n = 197) or waiting list (n = 195). Of the total
sample, 42 and 31% exhibited diagnostic-level bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder symptoms, respectively. Assessments took place at baseline, 4
weeks, and 8 weeks post-randomization. Analyses were intention-to-treat. The primary outcome was global levels of ED psychopathology. Secondary
outcomes were other ED symptoms, impairment, and distress. RESULT(S): Intervention participants reported greater reductions in global ED
psychopathology than the control group at post-test (d = -0.80). Significant effects were also observed for secondary outcomes (d's = -0.30 to -
0.74), except compensatory behavior frequency. Symptom levels remained stable at follow-up. Participants were largely satisfied with the app,
although the overall post-test attrition rate was 35%. CONCLUSION(S): Findings highlight the potential for this app to serve as a cost-effective and
easily accessible intervention for those who cannot receive standard treatment. The capacity for apps to be flexibly integrated within current models
of mental health care delivery may prove vital for addressing the unmet needs of people with EDs.
Psychological medicine, : 1-
12
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Lemieux, V., Monthuy-Blanc, J., Corno, G.
By combining aspects of the fourth generation of eating disorders (EDs) prevention programs
with the advantages of the use of virtual reality (VR) in the field of education, two VR-based EDs prevention programs were created. To explores the
physical self-perception time series level and variability, participants completed a weekly follow-up notebook. This study demonstrates that the use
of VR in the prevention of EDs could positively influence the variability and possibly the evolution of physical self-perceptions among adolescents.
Copyright © 2020, Interactive Media Institute. All rights reserved.
Annual Review of CyberTherapy and Telemedicine, 18 : 207-
211
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Leme, A. C. B., Haines, J., Tang, L., Dunker, K. L. L., Philippi, S. T., Fisberg,
M., Ferrari, G. L., Fisberg, R. M.
An effective behavior change program is the first line of prevention for youth obesity. However, effectiveness in
prevention of adolescent obesity requires several approaches, with special attention paid to disordered eating behaviors and psychological support,
among other environmental factors. The aim of this systematic review is to compare the impact of two types of obesity prevention programs, inclusive
of behavior change components, on weight outcomes. \"Energy-balance\" studies are aimed at reducing calories from high-energy sources and increasing
physical activity (PA) levels, while \"shared risk factors for obesity and eating disorders\" focus on reducing disordered eating behaviors to
promote a positive food and eating relationship. A systematic search of ProQuest, PubMed, PsycInfo, SciELO, and Web of Science identified 8825
articles. Thirty-five studies were included in the review, of which 20 regarded \"energy-balance\" and 15 \"shared risk factors for obesity and
eating disorders\". \"Energy-balance\" studies were unable to support maintenance weight status, diet, and PA. \"Shared risk factors for obesity and
eating disorders\" programs also did not result in significant differences in weight status over time. However, the majority of \"shared risk factors
for obesity and eating disorders\" studies demonstrated reduced body dissatisfaction, dieting, and weight-control behaviors. Research is needed to
examine how a shared risk factor approach can address both obesity and eating disorders.
Nutrients, 12(10) : 14
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Dietary advice, dietary change, Physical activity, exercise
Le-Grange, D., Eckhardt, S., Dalle-Grave, R., Crosby, R. D., Peterson, C. B., Keery,
H., Lesser, J., Martell, C.
BACKGROUND: Family-based treatment (FBT)
is an efficacious intervention for adolescents with an eating disorder. Evaluated to a lesser degree among adolescents, enhanced cognitive-behavior
therapy (CBT-E) has shown promising results. This study compared the relative effectiveness of FBT and CBT-E, and as per manualized CBT-E, the sample
was divided into a lower weight [<90% median body mass index (mBMI)], and higher weight cohort (90%mBMI). METHOD(S): Participants (N = 97) aged 12-18
years, with a DSM-5 eating disorder diagnosis (largely restrictive, excluding Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder), and their parents, chose
between FBT and CBT-E. Assessments were administered at baseline, end-of-treatment (EOT), and follow-up (6 and 12 months). Treatment comprised of 20
sessions over 6 months, except for the lower weight cohort where CBT-E comprised 40 sessions over 9-12 months. Primary outcomes were slope of weight
gain and change in Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Global Score at EOT. RESULT(S): Slope of weight gain at EOT was significantly higher for FBT
than for CBT-E (lower weight, est. = 0.597, s.e. = 0.096, p < 0.001; higher weight, est. = 0.495, s.e. = 0.83, p < 0.001), but not at follow-up.
There were no differences in the EDE Global Score or most secondary outcome measures at any time-point. Several baseline variables emerged as
potential treatment effect moderators at EOT. Choosing between FBT and CBT-E resulted in older and less well participants opting for CBT-E.
CONCLUSION(S): Results underscore the efficiency of FBT to facilitate weight gain among underweight adolescents. FBT and CBT-E achieved similar
outcomes in other domains assessed, making CBT-E a viable treatment for adolescents with an eating disorder. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION:
Treatment Outcome in Eating Disorders; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT03599921.
Psychological medicine, : 1-11
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Family therapy
Karekla, Maria, Georgiou, Natasa, Panayiotou, Georgia, Sandoz, Emily K., Kurz,
A., Constantinou, Marios
Coping with food cravings is crucial for weight management. Individuals tend to use
avoidance strategies to resist food cravings and prevent overeating, but such strategies may not result in the benefits sought. This study compared
the effects of two cognitive techniques (Restructuring vs. Defusion) for dealing with food cravings in terms of their impact on healthy vs. unhealthy
eating behavior (i.e., consumption of chocolate and/or carrots following the intervention). Sixty-five participants (M age = 19.65 years) received
either a 30-minute face-to-face instruction on cognitive restructuring (CR) or cognitive defusion (CD) along with 15 min of practice, or 45 min of
obesity education and discussion (control). To examine craving and eating choices following the intervention, participants received bags of chocolate
and carrots and were asked to carry these with them at all times over the next week, exchanging the bags every 2 days. Participants in the CD group
ate fewer chocolates (M = 11.74) compared to CR (M = 17.06) and Control groups (M = 29.18) during the experimental week. The groups did not differ in
number of carrot pieces eaten, though the CD group ate more carrots than chocolates. CD resulted in fewer self-reported cravings compared to CR and
CO groups. At a final taste test, both CD and CR groups ate significantly fewer chocolates compared to the CO group. CD appears to be an effective
technique in managing food craving and to present some advantages over CR. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Eating Behaviors Vol 37
2020, ArtID 101385, 37 :
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Jordana-Ovejero, O., Espinoza-Guzman, P., Gonzalez-Gonzalez, M., Subiza-Perez, I., Becerra-Castro,
A., Raich-
Escursell, R. M., Mora-Giral, M.
BACKGROUND: In
recent years, the broad spectrum of weight-related problems has increased considerably among both teenage boys and girls. This makes it fundamental
to create programs that are more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the short-, mid- and long-term efficacy of the current
prevention program applied to 14-year-old teenagers. METHOD(S): For this study, 73 girls and 83 boys were assigned to an experimental condition
(n=156), while 68 girls and 84 boys were assigned to a control condition (n=152). We used a mixed 2 (control and experimental condition) x 3 (Time:
post-test, 6 month-follow-up and 12- month-follow-up) factorial design. RESULT(S): Those participants who belonged to the experimental condition
exhibited significantly higher scores of body satisfaction, self-esteem, emotional repair and clarity, lower scores of self-oriented perfectionism,
and internalization of thinness and ideal muscularity compared to the control group in post-intervention assessments and in both follow-ups. No
statistically significant gender differences were found regarding the effectiveness of the program. DISCUSSION: Universal, ecological programs may be
effective in reducing risk factors and/or maximizing protective factors, which could in turn reduce concerns about body image, eating and weight.
Psicothema, 32(2) : 204-
213
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Isserlin, Leanna, Spettigue, Wendy, Norris, Mark, Couturier, Jennifer
Background: Recommended first line treatment for children and adolescent eating disorders is outpatient therapy. However, a significant
number of children and adolescents with eating disorders continue to require inpatient treatment during the course of their illness. The effect of
psychological treatments in an inpatient setting on outcomes at the time of discharge remains unclear. This paper presents the results of a review of
the literature on outcomes at the time of discharge following inpatient psychological treatment for children and adolescents with eating disorders.
Main body: The majority of studies found were observational and of low quality. The most consistently reported positive outcome of inpatient
treatment is weight gain. Results related to symptom change and motivation vary between studies. Within the inpatient setting, there is considerable
heterogeneity in the types of treatments offered, goals of treatment, length of stay and outcomes measured.
Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 8 2020, ArtID
32, :
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any)
Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., Taylor, C. B., Graham, A. K., Sadeh-Sharvit, S., Balantekin, K. N., Eichen, D. M., Monterubio, G. E., Goel, N. J., Flatt, R. E., Karam, A. M., Firebaugh, M. L., Jacobi, C., Jo,
B., Trockel, M. T., Wilfley, D. E.
Importance: Eating disorders (EDs) are common, serious psychiatric disorders on college campuses, yet most
affected individuals do not receive treatment. Digital interventions have the potential to bridge this gap.\rObjective: To determine whether a
coached, digital, cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) intervention improves outcomes for college women with EDs compared with referral to usual care.
\rDesign, Setting, and Participants: This cluster randomized trial was conducted from 2014 to 2018 at 27 US universities. Women with binge-purge EDs
(with both threshold and subthreshold presentations) were recruited from enrolled universities. The 690 participants were followed up for up to 2
years after the intervention. Data analysis was performed from February to September 2019.\rInterventions: Universities were randomized to the
intervention, Student Bodies-Eating Disorders, a digital CBT-guided self-help program, or to referral to usual care.\rMain Outcomes and Measures: The
main outcome was change in overall ED psychopathology. Secondary outcomes were abstinence from binge eating and compensatory behaviors, as well as ED
behavior frequencies, depression, anxiety, clinical impairment, academic impairment, and realized treatment access.\rResults: A total of 690 women
with EDs (mean [SD] age, 22.12 [4.85] years; 414 [60.0%] White; 120 [17.4%] Hispanic; 512 [74.2%] undergraduates) were included in the analyses. For
ED psychopathology, there was a significantly greater reduction in the intervention group compared with the control group at the postintervention
assessment (beta [SE], -0.44 [0.10]; d = -0.40; t1387 = -4.23; P < .001), as well as over the follow-up period (beta [SE], -0.39 [0.12]; d = -0.35;
t1387 = -3.30; P < .001). There was not a significant difference in abstinence from any ED behaviors at the postintervention assessment (odds ratio,
1.48; 95% CI, 0.48-4.62; P = .50) or at follow-up (odds ratio, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.63-3.58; P = .36). Compared with the control group, the intervention
group had significantly greater reductions in binge eating (rate ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96; P = .02), compensatory behaviors (rate ratio, 0.68;
95% CI, 0.54-0.86; P < .001), depression (beta [SE], -1.34 [0.53]; d = -0.22; t1387 = -2.52; P = .01), and clinical impairment (beta [SE], -2.33
[0.94]; d = -0.21; t1387 = -2.49; P = .01) at the postintervention assessment, with these gains sustained through follow-up for all outcomes except
binge eating. Groups did not differ in terms of academic impairment. The majority of intervention participants (318 of 385 participants [83%]) began
the intervention, whereas only 28% of control participants (76 of 271 participants with follow-up data available) sought treatment for their ED (odds
ratio, 12.36; 95% CI, 8.73-17.51; P < .001).\rConclusions and Relevance: In this cluster randomized clinical trial comparing a coached, digital CBT
intervention with referral to usual care, the intervention was effective in reducing ED psychopathology, compensatory behaviors, depression, and
clinical impairment through long-term follow-up, as well as realizing treatment access. No difference was found between the intervention and control
groups for abstinence for all ED behaviors or academic impairment. Given its scalability, a coached, digital, CBT intervention for college women with
EDs has the potential to address the wide treatment gap for these disorders.\rTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02076464.
, 3(8) : e2015633
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Self-help, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Datta, Nandini, Matheson,
Brittany E., Le-Grange, Daniel, Brandt,
Harry A., Woodside, Blake, Halmi, Katherine A., Wilfley, Denise E., Lock, James D.
Background: This study explores the impact of weight gain during medical stabilization\rhospitalization on
weight outcomes between three outpatient treatments for adolescent\ranorexia nervosa (AN): Adolescent Focused Therapy (AFT), Systemic Family Therapy
\r(SyFT), and Family Based Treatment (FBT).\rMethods: A secondary analysis of weight gain data (N = 215) of adolescents (12 - 18\ryears) meeting
DSM-IV criteria for AN (exclusive of amenorrhea criteria) who participated\rin two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted. Main outcomes
examined were\rchanges in weight restoration (
Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol 11 2020, ArtID
609675, 11 :
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any), Anorexia Nervosa
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Couturier, Jennifer, Isserlin, Leanna, Norris, Mark, Spettigue, Wendy, Brouwers, Melissa, Kimber, Melissa, McVey, Gail, Webb, Cheryl, Findlay,
Sheri, Bhatnagar, Neera, Snelgrove, Natasha, Ritsma, Amanda, Preskow,
Wendy, Miller, Catherine, Coelho, Jennifer, Boachie, Ahmed, Steinegger,
Cathleen, Loewen, Rachel, Loewen, Techiya, Waite, Elizabeth, Ford, Catherine, Bourret,
Kerry, Gusella, Joanne, Geller, Josie, LaFrance, Adele, LeClerc, Anick, Scarborough, Jennifer, Grewal, Seena, Jericho, Monique, Dimitropoulos, Gina, Pilon, David
Objectives: Eating disorders are
common and serious conditions affecting up to 4% of the population. The mortality rate is high. Despite the seriousness and prevalence of eating
disorders in children and adolescents, no Canadian practice guidelines exist to facilitate treatment decisions. This leaves clinicians without any
guidance as to which treatment they should use. Our objective was to produce such a guideline.
Journal of Eating Disorders Vol 8 2020, ArtID
4, :
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Atypical Antipsychotics (second
generation), Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Cognitive remediation
therapy, Family therapy, Bright light therapy
Bradatsch, Silvia, Vahl, Marlene Dorit, Potterton, Rachel, Gordon, Gemma, Schmidt,
Ulrike, Brockmeyer, Timo
Background: Recent research has identified several cognitive biases in patients with eating disorders, such as a tendency to interpret
ambiguous information about one's own body in a negative way. The so-called \"negative interpretation bias\" is considered to be a key factor in
maintaining maladaptive cognitions and behaviors in eating disorders. Studies on modification of the negative interpretation bias in eating disorders
have yielded mixed results. This randomized controlled pilot study examined whether a specially adapted, computerized version of the Scrambled
Sentences Task modifies negative interpretation bias in women with elevated body dissatisfaction.\rMethods: The sample consisted of 40 normal-weight
women with elevated body dissatisfaction, randomly assigned either to an intervention or a no-intervention control group (each n = 20). The
intervention group received six sessions (within two weeks) of a newly-developed interpretation bias modification training that involved unscrambling
positively valenced, body image-related sentences. The control group received no intervention. In both groups, body image-related negative
interpretation bias (main outcome), trait body dissatisfaction and thinideal cue reactivity were assessed at baseline and two weeks later.
Additionally, in the intervention condition, the\rtrajectory of expected reductions in the thin-ideal internalization was measured during each
training session.\rResults: In both conditions, body image-related negative interpretation bias and trait body dissatisfaction decreased
significantly from pre- to post-assessment; however, a specific effect imparted by the interpretation bias modification training was not found.
Groups did not differ in thin-ideal cue reactivity. In the intervention group, thin-ideal internalization decreased significantly over the training
sessions.\rConclusions: The findings do not support use of body image-related interpretation bias modification in its current form in the treatment
of body dissatisfaction. Further research involving different versions of the training and clinical samples is warranted.
Journal of
Eating Disorders Vol 8 2020, ArtID 34, 8 :
- Year: 2020
- Problem: Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Attention/cognitive bias
modification