Disorders - Anxiety Disorders
Alvarado-Garcia, P. A. A., Soto-Vasquez, M. R., Rosales-Cerquin, L. E., Benites, S. M., Cubas-Romero, T. L., Jara-Aguilar, D. R., Gavidia-Valencia, J. G., Alfaro-
Beltran, I. M.
Introduction: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on anxiety, depression,
and sleep quality. Method(s): The essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and the chemical
composition was performed by Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Furthermore, a quasi-experimental study was conducted, where 81 participants were divided into two groups, comprising a waiting list control group
and an experimental group treated with essential oils. Anxiety and depression indexes were evaluated using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)
and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI). Result(s):
Chemical analysis showed that 1,8 cineole (37.6%), alpha-pinene (19.9%), and linalool (15.8%) were the main components. Anxiety, depression, and
sleep quality scores showed a decrease in the post-test study phase compared to the pre-test in the experimental group (p<0.05). A large size effect
was found in the case of anxiety (d = 1.491; g= 1.490) with 1-beta=0.996, while medium size effects were observed for depression (d = 0.581; g=
0.582) with 1-beta=0.585; and sleep quality (d = 0.586; g = 0.588) with 1-beta=0.638. Conclusion(s): Essential oils extracted from Rosmarinus
officinalis are more effective in calming anxiety and show moderate changes in depression and sleep quality. Copyright © 2023 Phcogj.Com.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 15(2) : 343-349
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Ahmadi, S. J., Jobson, L., Musavi, Z., Rezwani, S. R., Amini, F. A., Earnest, A., Samim,
N., Sarwary, S. A. A., Sarwary, S. A., McAvoy, D.
Importance:
Adolescents who experience conflict in humanitarian contexts often have high levels of psychiatric distress but rarely have access to evidence-based
interventions. Objective(s): To investigate the efficacy of Memory Training for Recovery-Adolescent (METRA) intervention in improving psychiatric
symptoms among adolescent girls in Afghanistan. Design, Setting, and Participant(s): This randomized clinical trial included girls and young women
aged 11 to 19 years with heightened psychiatric distress living in Kabul, Afghanistan, and was conducted as a parallel-group trial comparing METRA
with treatment as usual (TAU), with a 3-month follow-up. Participants were randomized 2:1 to receive either METRA or TAU. The study occurred between
November 2021 and March 2022 in Kabul. An intention-to-treat approach was used. Intervention(s): Participants assigned to METRA received a 10-session
group-intervention comprised of 2 modules (module 1: memory specificity; module 2: trauma writing). The TAU group received 10 group adolescent health
sessions. Interventions were delivered over 2 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome measures were self-reported posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms after the intervention. Secondary outcomes were self-reported measures of anxiety, Afghan-cultural distress
symptoms, and psychiatric difficulties. Assessments occurred at baseline, after modules 1 and 2, and at 3 months after treatment. Result(s): The 125
participants had a mean (SD) age of 15.96 (1.97) years. Overall sample size for primary analyses included 80 adolescents in the METRA group and 45
adolescents in TAU. Following the intention-to-treat principle, generalized estimating equations found that the METRA group had a 17.64-point
decrease (95% CI, -20.38 to -14.91 points) in PTSD symptoms and a 6.73-point decrease (95% CI, -8.50 to -4.95 points) in depression symptoms, while
the TAU group had a 3.34-point decrease (95% CI, -6.05 to -0.62 points) in PTSD symptoms and a 0.66-point increase (95% CI, -0.70 to 2.01 points) in
depression symptoms, with the group x time interactions being significant (all P <.001). METRA participants had significantly greater reductions in
anxiety, Afghan-cultural distress symptoms, and psychiatric difficulties than TAU participants. All improvements were maintained at 3-month follow-
up. Dropout in the METRA group was 22.5% (18 participants) vs 8.9% for TAU (4 participants). Conclusions and Relevance: In this randomized clinical
trial, those in the METRA group had significantly greater improvements in psychiatric symptoms relative to those in the TAU group. METRA appeared to
be a feasible and effective intervention for adolescents in humanitarian contexts. Trial Registration: anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12621001160820.
Copyright © 2023 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
, 6(3) : E236086
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Agyapong, B., Shalaby, R., Vuong, W., Gusnowski, A., Surood, S., Greenshaw, A. J., Wei, Y., Agyapong, V. I. O.
BACKGROUND: Chronic stress,
anxiety, and depression are psychological problems that can hurt young adults, interfering with their everyday function, academic achievement, and
interpersonal relationships. This study aimed to assess the impact of Text4Hope, an online mental health service, on the psychological well-being of
young adults.\rMETHODS: This study adopted both longitudinal and naturalistic controlled trial designs. It examined clinical outcomes in young adult
(<=26 years old) subscribers of Text4Hope who completed surveys at baseline and six weeks and compared clinical parameters in two groups of
subscribers. The first group comprised the intervention group (IG) (young adult subscribers who received once-daily supportive text messages for six
weeks and completed sixth-week evaluation measures between 26 April and 12 July 2020), and the second group was the control group (CG) (young adult
subscribers who joined Text4Hope in the same time frame and completed a baseline survey and were yet to receive any text messages). The prevalence of
moderate to high stress, anxiety, and depression was measured at baseline and six weeks in the longitudinal study and between the two groups for the
naturalistic controlled study using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and Patient Health
Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Inferential statistics, including the t-test, McNemar test, chi-square, and binary logistic regression analyses, were used
to evaluate the differences in the prevalence and severity of the psychological symptoms.\rRESULTS: In the longitudinal study, of the 9214
subscribers to Text4Hope who completed the baseline survey, 1047 (11.4%) were identified as youth. For the young adult subscribers who completed both
the baseline and sixth-week surveys (n = 114), a significant reduction in the prevalence of moderate to high stress (8%) and likely GAD (20%) from
baseline to six weeks was reported. Similarly, there was a significant reduction in the mean scores on the PSS-10, GAD-7, and Composite Mental Health
score but not the PHQ-9 from baseline to six weeks. The largest reduction in mean scores was for the GAD-7 scale (18.4%), with a small effect size
overall. For the naturalistic study, the IG included 173 young adult subscribers of Text4Hope who completed the sixth-week survey compared to 92
subscribers in the CG who completed the baseline survey during the designated period. There was a significantly lower prevalence for likely Moderate
Depressive Disorder (MDD) (25.2%) and suicidal thoughts/thoughts of self-harm (48.4%), with a small effect size in the IG compared to the CG.
Similarly, lower mean scores were reported for all outcome variables in the IG compared to the CG, with a small to medium effect size. The receipt of
daily supportive text messages for six weeks resulted in significantly lower odds of both likely GAD and experiencing thoughts of self-harm or death
wish while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics.\rCONCLUSIONS: The Text4Hope service is an effective tool for mental health support for
young adult subscribers. Young adults receiving the service exhibited a reduction in psychological symptoms, including thoughts of self-harm or death
wish. This population-level intervention program can be used to effectively support young adult mental health and in suicide prevention programs.
Journal of Clinical
Medicine, 12(5) : 01
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Abbott, D., Lack, C. W., Anderson, P.
Objectives: the availability of smartphone-based mindfulness training applications (apps) may circumvent many barriers to receiving in-
person help, but little controlled research has been conducted on them. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a widely used mindfulness
training app, Headspace, at reducing anxiety and worry. Method(s): this study used a randomized-controlled design to examine the app using a 3 (Time;
baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks) x 2 (Access; immediate, delayed for 4 weeks) design. Participants who reported mod-erate to high anxiety or worry were
randomly assigned to receive either immediate access or delayed access to the app. For null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), analyses of
variance were used to test the hypotheses that app access for 4 and 8 weeks would reduce anxiety and worry as compared to waitlist or baseline and
that app access for 8 weeks would reduce anxiety and worry as compared to 4 weeks. Bayes estimates were used to determine the level of evidence for
the hypothesis that app access reduces anxiety and worry. Result(s): four weeks of app access significantly reduced anxiety symptoms, as did 8 weeks,
but NHST indicated there were no significant difference between 4 and 8 weeks of access. We failed to reject the null for the analysis of variance on
worry, but Bayesian estimates indicated substantial evidence for the hypothesis that the mindfulness training app reduces worry. Conclusion(s): this
research shows that using Headspace can reduce anxiety and worry, but that there does not appear to be a con-sistent dose relation. Copyright © 2023
Springer Publishing Company.
Journal of Cognitive
Psychotherapy, 37(1) : 26-42
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Zieff, G. H., Stoner, L., Frank, B., Gaylord,
S., Battle, S, Hackney, A. C.
This pilot study assessed the feasibility and combined effect of aerobic exercise (AE) and
mindfulness meditation (MM), compared with MM alone and a control (CON) condition, on stress, anxiety, and depression in high-stress college-based
young adults. Thirty-two participants (84.4% F, 20.5+/-2.7years, 23.9+/-5.0kg/m2) were randomized to a four-week, AE+MM (n=16), MM (n=10), or control
intervention (n=6). ANOVA revealed non-significant, but noteworthy group x time interactions (perceived stress: p=0.09; anxiety/depression: p=0.07).
Both AE+MM and MM seem to be feasible strategies to reduce levels of stress, anxiety and depression in college-based young adults.
Journal of American college health : J of ACH, : 1-
5
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Meditation, Physical activity, exercise
Zhou, W., Li, P., Lei, X., Yuan, H.
Background: Mental imagery can help people have meaningful experiences and improve their mental and physical health. This study aimed to
explore the intervention effect of positive mental imagery training (imagery cognitive bias modification) on the negative emotions of Chinese college
students with at least mild symptoms of depression. Method(s): A 2 (group: training group, non-training group) by 4 (time: pre-, post-, 1-week
follow-up, and 6-week follow-up) mixed design was used in this study, with the group as the between-participants factor and the time as the within-
participants factor. Forty-nine participants were pseudo-randomly assigned to either the imagery training group (received 7 days of training) or the
non-training group (continued their daily lives as usual). Both groups were followed up at 1 week and 6 weeks after the intervention via online
questionnaires. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted using baseline, post-training (all participants, N = 49), and follow-up (N =
42) data. Result(s): Compared to participants in the no training group, participants in the positive mental imagery training group showed
improvements in depression symptoms and trait anxiety; as well as the likelihood rating of positive imagery across the subsequent three assessments.
The vividness of positive imagery post-training also improved. However, there was no significant between-group difference in negative interpretation
bias. Conclusion(s): Positive mental imagery training effectively improved negative emotions and anxiety in adults with depression symptoms after 1
week of training, with these effects lasting for at least 6 weeks, indicating that this type of training should be further explored in China.
Copyright © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Cognitive
Therapy and Research, 46(2) : 343-357
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Attention/cognitive bias
modification
Zhao, S.
Background: The career choice and employment of college students is the second major choice and turning point after the college entrance
examination. Opportunities and challenges coexist, which to some extent determines the future development of college students. In recent years, due
to the special social environment and employment environment, it is more difficult for college students to control the actual situation after
graduation, and the uncertainty about the future employment, the employment environment and the suitability of employment is stronger. Therefore, the
anxiety psychology is more obvious. Anxiety disorder is a common mental disease in clinic. Patients will have uncontrolled shaking, sweating,
palpitation, frequent urination and other symptoms. Anxiety state is a common psychological state. Individuals of different ages and occupations have
obvious differences in the degree and characteristics of anxiety. Among them, college students have a special nature of anxiety, and anxiety disorder
has become one of the main psychological problems of college students. Subjects and methods: 100 students were selected from the music department of
a university to conduct a control experiment. 100 students were randomly divided into two groups, the research group and the control group. For the
students in the research group, the improved ethnic music education model based on educational psychology was adopted for teaching; For the control
group, the traditional ethnic music education model was used for teaching. After using different teaching modes to teach for the same period of time,
the employment anxiety of the two groups of students was tested by using the scale tool. Result(s): The self-made Employment Anxiety Self-Rating
Scale (EARS) was used to test the degree of employment anxiety of students. After a period of teaching, the scores of anxiety subscale, thought
subscale and body subscale in ears of the students in the research group were far lower than those of the students in the control group. Conclusion
(s): Ethnic music education can help students relieve their emotions, regulate their psychology, and then alleviate their employment anxiety.
However, the current national music education model is more traditional and has many defects. Students are not interested in the curriculum, which
leads to the low quality of national music teaching and has no obvious effect on alleviating students' employment anxiety. The research is based on
educational psychology to reform the national music education mode, improve the quality of national music teaching, and then alleviate
students'employment anxiety. Copyright © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia.
Psychiatria
Danubina, 34(Supplement 4) : 994-998
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Other complementary & alternative
interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Zemestani, M., Hosseini, M., Petersen, J. M., Twohig, M.
P.
While the efficacy of internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has been examined for different mental health concerns in
high-income countries, evidence for the potential efficacy of culturally-adapted ACT in non-Western, low- and middle-income countries is scarce. The
present study is a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial of culturally-adapted, online, manualized group ACT for anxiety in Iranian adolescent
females. To participate, adolescents had to identify as female, report interfering anxiety symptoms, be currently attending high school, and be
within the age range of 15-18 years old. Individuals in the active condition (n = 24) participated in eight group sessions delivered over the Shad
platform, the largest technological application in the Iranian school system. All individuals in the active condition participated in the same ACT
group sessions in a class-like format. Multilevel models were used to test between-group differences for primary and secondary outcomes over time.
Participants in the ACT group reported a significant reduction in anxiety and depression, along with improvements in worry, emotion regulation, and
intolerance of uncertainty. Treatment gains were maintained over a one-month follow-up period. The effect sizes for the main outcome measures were
small to large (d = .39-1.56) and comparable to other online ACT interventions for youth with anxiety disorders in Western countries. In sum, this
pilot study provides preliminary evidence that culturally-adapted, online ACT is effective for the treatment of anxiety symptoms in Iranian female
youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 25 : 145-
152
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Yohannan, J., Carlson, J. S., Volker, M. A.
Due to the negative impact of trauma exposure, effective treatments are necessary to
prevent and improve negative trauma-related outcomes. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered an efficacious treatment for children and
adolescents exposed to traumatic events. Despite the various meta-analyses that have examined trauma treatments, there is a paucity of research on
the moderating variables that may impact treatment outcomes. This meta-analytic CBT study addressed those limitations by examining the moderating
effects of treatment components on outcomes. A search identified 94 CBT studies with 97 relevant effect sizes for children and adolescents exposed to
traumatic events. Consistent with prior meta-analytic studies, CBT was shown to be effective for trauma-exposed youth. CBT subtreatments did not
produce significantly different results from one another. Moderators shown to significantly impact CBT treatment outcomes for posttraumatic stress
symptom were trauma type, Q = 24.09, p = .004, ds = -0.22 to -1.42, and gender, Q = 10.68, p = .005, ds = -0.53 to -1.36, whereas moderators shown to
impact treatment outcomes for depression were study design, Q = 10.95, p = .004, ds = -0.26 to -0.50, and treatment setting, Q = 10.98, p = .004, ds
= -0.31 to -0.56. The implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2021 International Society for Traumatic
Stress Studies.
Journal of traumatic stress, 35(2) : 706-
717
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Exposure therapy, Exposure
and response prevention, Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-
CBT)
Yoga-Ratnam, K. K., Nik-Farid, N. D., Yakub, N. A., Dahlui, M.
Background: Mental health issues have become more prevalent among institutionalised adolescents.
Therefore an effective intervention programme is needed to improve their mental health. Objective(s): To evaluate the effectiveness of the Super
Skills for Life (SSL) programme in improving the mental wellbeing of institutionalised adolescents and determine the factors associated with their
mental wellbeing. Method(s): A quasi-experimental study involving 80 female institutionalised adolescents divided into intervention and control
groups was conducted. Intervention involved implementation of the SSL programme. The effectiveness of the programme was evaluated based on several
outcome parameters. Result(s): Factors including age, number of family members, perceived social support and self-esteem had significant correlations
with mental wellbeing of participants. The SSL programme significantly improved the anxiety and stress levels of participants. Conclusion(s): SSL
programme exclusively improves the mental wellbeing in institutionalised adolescents. Copyright © 2022 by the authors.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15)
(no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Yeager, D. S., Bryan, C. J., Gross, J.
J., Murray, J. S., Krettek Cobb, D., H. F. Santos P, Gravelding, H., Johnson, M., Jamieson, J. P.
Social-evaluative
stressors-experiences in which people feel they could be judged negatively-pose a major threat to adolescent mental health1-3 and can
cause young people to disengage from stressful pursuits, resulting in missed opportunities to acquire valuable skills. Here we show that replicable
benefits for the stress responses of adolescents can be achieved with a short (around 30-min), scalable 'synergistic mindsets' intervention. This
intervention, which is a self-administered online training module, synergistically targets both growth mindsets4 (the idea that
intelligence can be developed) and stress-can-be-enhancing mindsets5 (the idea that one's physiological stress response can fuel optimal
performance). In six double-blind, randomized, controlled experiments that were conducted with secondary and post-secondary students in the United
States, the synergistic mindsets intervention improved stress-related cognitions (study 1, n = 2,717; study 2, n = 755), cardiovascular reactivity
(study 3, n = 160; study 4, n = 200), daily cortisol levels (study 5, n = 118 students, n = 1,213 observations), psychological well-being (studies 4
and 5), academic success (study 5) and anxiety symptoms during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns (study 6, n = 341). Heterogeneity analyses (studies 3, 5
and 6) and a four-cell experiment (study 4) showed that the benefits of the intervention depended on addressing both mindsets-growth and stress-
synergistically. Confidence in these conclusions comes from a conservative, Bayesian machine-learning statistical method for detecting heterogeneous
effects6. Thus, our research has identified a treatment for adolescent stress that could, in principle, be scaled nationally at low cost.
Copyright © 2022, The Author(s).
Nature, 607(7919) : 512-
520
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Yang, T., Guo, Y., Cheng, Y., Zhang, Y.
Background: The purpose of this study was to
systematically review the effectiveness of regular traditional Chinese fitness exercises on negative emotions and sleep disorders in college
students, and to provide evidence-based evidence and new ideas for the negative emotions and sleep disorders among the college students.\rMethods: A
systematic search using 5 English (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library) and 4 Chinese (CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBM) databases
were initiated to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the effect of traditional Chinese fitness exercises on negative emotions and
sleep disorders among college students. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to determine the pooled
effect of the intervention. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality and the data were analyzed with
Review Manager 5.4.\rResults: A total of 12 RCTs were included, including 1,052 subjects. The results showed a potential beneficial effect of
traditional Chinese fitness exercises on reducing depression [SMD = -0.93, 95 %CI (-1.76, -0. 10)], anxiety [SMD = -0.74, 95%CI (-0.93, -0.54)], and
the sleep disorders [SMD = -2.77, 95%CI (-4.57, -0.97)] symptoms, and these effects were better than in the control group.\rConclusion: The findings
of this review suggested the traditional Chinese fitness exercises could improve both the negative moods and sleep disorders compared with that of
healthy students, the effect on college students with mild to moderate psychological symptoms was obviously improved. The SCL-90 scale is better than
the SDS scale in evaluating the improvement effect of traditional Chinese fitness exercises on depression. It was the best intervention program on
negative emotions and sleep disorders among college students, with the intervention lasting 5 sessions per week for 30-60 min/session for over 12
weeks.
, 13 : 908041
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)