Disorders - Anxiety Disorders
Eather, N., Riley, N., Miller, A., Smith,
V., Poole, A., Vincze, L., Morgan, P. J., Lubans, D. R.
OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to
evaluate the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of an 8-week high-intensity interval training program (Uni-HIIT) for young adult students in a
university setting.\rDESIGN: Randomised controlled trial.\rMETHOD: Uni-HIIT was conducted at the University of Newcastle, Australia (February-June,
2017). Participants were university students 18-25yrs (n=53; 20.38+/-1.88yrs) randomized into the Uni HIIT program (n=26) or wait-list control (n=27)
condition. Participants were required to attend up to three HIIT sessions/week for 8-weeks which included a variety of aerobic and muscular fitness
exercise combinations lasting 8-12minutes (using 30:30sec rest:work intervals). The primary outcome was cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) (20mSRT),
and secondary outcomes included muscular fitness (standing jump, push-ups), body composition (InBody), executive function (Trail Making Test),
anxiety levels (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale). Linear mixed models were used to analyse outcomes and
Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated. Process evaluation measures of recruitment, retention, attendance and satisfaction were conducted.\rRESULTS:
A large significant group-by-time effect resulted for CRF [8.4 shuttles (95% CI(2.9-13.9), P=0.004,d=1.08] and muscular fitness [4.0 repetitions (95%
CI(1.2-6.8), P=0.006,d=0.99], and moderate effect size was observed for Trail B [-5.9seconds (95% CI(-11.8-0.1.0), P=0.052, d=0.63]. No significant
intervention effects were found for body composition, standing jump, anxiety or perceived stress (P >0.05). High ratings of participant satisfaction
(4.73), enjoyment (4.54) and perceived value (4.54) were observed.\rCONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the efficacy and feasibility of delivering a
novel HIIT program in the university setting.
Journal of Science & Medicine in Sport, 22(5) : 596-
601
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise
Sanchez, A. L., Comer, J.
S., Coxe, S., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J., Compton, S. N., Ginsburg, G. S., Rynn, M.
A., Walkup, J. T., Sakolsky, D. J., Birmaher, B., Kendall, P. C.
Youth anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and are associated with considerable school impairment. Despite the
identification of well-supported strategies for treating youth anxiety, research has yet to evaluate the differential effects of these treatments on
anxiety-related school impairment. The present study leveraged data from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study to examine differential
treatment effects of CBT, sertraline, and their combination (COMB), relative to placebo (PBO), on anxiety-related school impairment among youth
(N=488). Latent growth modeling revealed that all three active treatments demonstrated superiority over PBO in reducing anxiety-related school
impairment over time, with COMB showing the most robust effects. According to parent report, medication strategies may have stronger effects on
anxiety-related school impairment among males than among females. Results were discrepant across parents and youth. Findings are discussed in terms
of clinical implications for anxious youth and the need for continued research to examine treatment effects on anxiety-related school impairment.
Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 50 : 940-949
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Song, C., Ikei, H., Kagawa, T., Miyazaki,
Y.
The
effects of forest activities on health promotion have received increasing attention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and
psychological effects of brief walks in forests on young women. The experiments were conducted in 6 forests (test) and 6 city areas (control).
Overall, 12 participants in each area (60 participants in total, mean age: 21.0 +/- 1.3 years) were instructed to walk in a forest and a city area
for approximately 15 min; simultaneously, their heart rate variability, heart rate, blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured to quantify their
physiological responses to walking. The modified semantic differential method, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
(STAI) were used to determine their psychological responses. Walking in a forest was associated with significantly higher parasympathetic nervous
activity and lower sympathetic nervous activity and heart rate. In addition, scores for the comfortable, relaxed, and natural parameters and vigor
subscale of POMS were significantly higher, whereas scores for negative feelings, such as tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility,
fatigue, and confusion, were significantly lower, as were the total mood disturbance of POMS and the anxiety dimension of the STAI. The subjective
evaluations were generally in accordance with the physiological responses. A brief walk in a forest resulted in physiological and psychological
relaxation effects in young women. Copyright © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16
(2) (no pagination)(229) :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise
Balconi, M., Fronda, G., Crivelli, D.
Repeated exposure to stressors, even if mild, may alter the efficiency of optimal stress responses
and hinder emotion regulation skills. Mindfulness meditation, by strengthening self-regulation and awareness, may optimize the efficiency of
physiological, cognitive, and behavioral reactions to stressful events but typically requires notable commitment to practice, which often leads to
disengagement. Recent research suggested that such practices may be made more accessible and that the potential for self-enhancement and stress
management of meditation might be improved by supporting mental training with wearable neurofeedback devices able to inform the practicer on ongoing
modulation of bodily and brain activity. This study aimed at testing the effect of such novel training approach based on the integration of mental
training with brain-sensing wearable devices on physiological (heart rate and variability) and subjective markers of stress (perceived stress,
anxiety, and mood states). Participants (N = 55) have been randomly divided into an active control (CONTg) and an experimental group (EXPg). Both
groups completed a four-week training constituted by brief daily activities based on mindfulness practices. Experimental participants practiced with
the support of dedicated brain-sensing devices. By analyzing pre- and post-training assessments, we observed relevantly decreased stress and anxiety
measures in EXPg, as well as relevantly decreased mental fatigue and increased vigor. EXPg also showed improved physiological markers of vagal tone
both at rest and during exposure to a cognitive stressor. Reported findings add to the limited available literature on potential effects of
technology-supported mental training protocols for promoting subjective well-being and enhancing self-regulation skills. Copyright © 2019 Informa UK
Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Stress, 22(2) : 200-
209
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Meditation
Turrini, G., Purgato, M., Acarturk, C., Anttila, M., Au, T., Ballette, F., Bird, M., Carswell, K., Churchill,
R., Cuijpers, P., Hall, J., Hansen, L. J., Kosters, M., Lantta, T., Nose, M., Ostuzzi, G., Sijbrandij, M., Tedeschi, F., Valimaki, M., Wancata, J., White, R., Van Ommeren, M., Barbui, C.
AimsIn the past few years,
there has been an unprecedented increase in the number of forcibly displaced migrants worldwide, of which a substantial proportion is refugees and
asylum seekers. Refugees and asylum seekers may experience high levels of psychological distress, and show high rates of mental health conditions. It
is therefore timely and particularly relevant to assess whether current evidence supports the provision of psychosocial interventions for this
population. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and acceptability of
psychosocial interventions compared with control conditions (treatment as usual/no treatment, waiting list, psychological placebo) aimed at reducing
mental health problems in distressed refugees and asylum seekers.MethodsWe used Cochrane procedures for conducting a systematic review and meta-
analysis of RCTs. We searched for published and unpublished RCTs assessing the efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions in adults and
children asylum seekers and refugees with psychological distress. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive and anxiety symptoms at post-
intervention were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes include: PTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms at follow-up, functioning, quality of life
and dropouts due to any reason.ResultsWe included 26 studies with 1959 participants. Meta-analysis of RCTs revealed that psychosocial interventions
have a clinically significant beneficial effect on PTSD (standardised mean difference [SMD] = ?irc;'0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] ?irc;'1.01
to ?irc;'0.41; I2 = 83%; 95% CI 78-88; 20 studies, 1370 participants; moderate quality evidence), depression (SMD = ?irc;'1.02; 95% CI
?irc;'1.52 to ?irc;'0.51; I2 = 89%; 95% CI 82-93; 12 studies, 844 participants; moderate quality evidence) and anxiety outcomes (SMD =
?irc;'1.05; 95% CI ?irc;'1.55 to ?irc;'0.56; I2 = 87%; 95% CI 79-92; 11 studies, 815 participants; moderate quality evidence). This
beneficial effect was maintained at 1 month or longer follow-up, which is extremely important for populations exposed to ongoing post-migration
stressors. For the other secondary outcomes, we identified a non-significant trend in favour of psychosocial interventions. Most evidence supported
interventions based on cognitive behavioural therapies with a trauma-focused component. Limitations of this review include the limited number of
studies collected, with a relatively low total number of participants, and the limited available data for positive outcomes like functioning and
quality of life.ConclusionsConsidering the epidemiological relevance of psychological distress and mental health conditions in refugees and asylum
seekers, and in view of the existing data on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions, these interventions should be routinely made available
as part of the health care of distressed refugees and asylum seekers. Evidence-based guidelines and implementation packages should be developed
accordingly. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is properly cited.
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Narrative exposure therapy (NET)
Yang, L., Zhou,
X., Pu, J., Liu, L., Cuijpers, P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Yuan, S., Teng,
T., Tian, L., Xie, P.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is highly prevalent and persistent in
children and adolescents. However, evidence for the efficacy and acceptability of psychological interventions for SAD in children and adolescents
remains unclear. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and ProQuest) were searched. Randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) that compared psychological interventions for SAD with control conditions in children and adolescents were included. Primary
outcomes were the efficacy (mean change in anxiety symptom scores) and acceptability (dropouts for all reasons). Secondary outcomes were remission,
quality of life/functional improvement, and depressive symptoms measures. Seventeen RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Psychological
interventions (including cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral therapy) were significantly more effective than control conditions, with a
standardized mean difference (SMD) of - 1.13, and remission with a risk ratio (RR) of 8.99, the number needed to treat was 3.3. There was no
statistically significant difference between psychological interventions and control conditions for all-cause dropouts (RR = 1.00). Psychological
interventions were superior to control conditions in improving quality of life/functioning (SMD = 0.79) and reducing depressive symptoms (SMD = -
0.39). Given considerable heterogeneity of primary efficacy outcome, a series of subgroup analyses of different variables were conducted.
Psychological interventions are probably efficacious in the treatment of SAD among children and adolescents, and may markedly improve quality of life
and functioning in this population. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution because of the high heterogeneity of trials and low
literature quality.
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(1) : 79-
89
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions
Dai, F., Chen, B.
Objectives : Serious incidents of college students due to
sustained psychological stress leads to mental illness caused by frequent occurrence, darling serious psychological problems such as depression,
anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders such common college students mental illness. In response to these psychological characteristics, at home and
abroad in recent years, researchers have advocated a more suitable way of this population movement - the movement of body and mind. Body- Mind
Exercise is awareness campaigns, such as tai chi, yoga and qigong, the core of the movement is to train individuals with a sense of control
activities of the various parts of the body to achieve the body and mind. Studies have shown that Body- Mind Exercise has the advantages of physical
training and psychological training, and it can produce better physical and mental health benefits for patients with mental illness. Therefore, this
study attempts to explore the effect of Body- Mind Exercise intervention on college students' stress response and psychological endurance. To
provide effective and reasonable stress coping styles and develop good psychological endurance for undergraduates under pressure, thus improving
their mental health. Methods : Among the 1000 college students (Wuchang Institute of Technology), 80 college students with higher stress scores (CPSS
scale scores higher than the average score of 32) were selected as the experimental intervention group and the control group, 40 in the experimental
group and the control group (There were 22 males and 18 female in the both groups, and the experimental group the average age of 20.81 +/- 1.34 years
in the control group the average age of 20.35 +/- 1.61 years old). The students in the experimental group were intervened by yoga exercise, and the
control group was operated according to the normal life trajectory, 3 times a week, 45 minutes each time, comparative efficacy after 12 weeks.
Results : Experiment front set of scores on scale CPSS indicators have improved ( P < 0.05), lower than the score of the control group, which has a
different degree in each dimension, the perceived reduced pressure, the difference statistically significant ( P < 0.01), compared with a small
dimension of the tension decreases the amplitude, feeling out of control was not significant ( P > 0.05); while China endurance scale (CPPRS)
measured before and after the significant difference ( P < 0.01), wherein The differences in willpower, problem solving, and interpersonal
communication were statistically significant ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in family support and optimistic self- confidence (
P > 0.05). Conclusion : Body- Mind Exercise can actively reduce various negative psychological consequences by adjusting mentality and emotions, and
reduce the negative consequences of stress, and improve the psychological coping ability of college students and the psychological endurance in the
face of stress, and the intervention effect is better.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 124 (Supplement 3) : 209-
210
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
Carsley, D., Heath, N. L.
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effectiveness of mindfulness coloring (mandala), free drawing/coloring, and a noncoloring control
activity for university students' test anxiety, and assessed the relationship of dispositional mindfulness and response to intervention on
mindfulness and test anxiety states. PARTICIPANTS: University students (n=167; 81.4% female; Mage = 21.29years, SD=4.46) were randomly assigned to a
mandala (n=57), free draw/coloring (n=58), or noncoloring condition (n=52). METHOD(S): Participants completed standardized measures assessing test
anxiety and state mindfulness pre-postactivity before completing a test, and two dispositional mindfulness measures. RESULT(S): Participants in both
coloring conditions reported significant decreases in test anxiety and significant increases in state mindfulness pre-postintervention, and
participants in the control condition reported significant increases in test anxiety. Reports of preintervention state mindfulness and test anxiety
fully mediated relations between dispositional mindfulness and postintervention state mindfulness and test anxiety. CONCLUSION(S): Implications for
research and practice on mindfulness coloring and test anxiety are discussed.
Journal of American College Health, : 1-
10
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
Noormohamadi, S. M., Arefi, M., Afshaini, K., Kakabaraee, K.
Adolescence and youth are important periods in the growth and excellence of an individual. Given the
importance of the study, its purpose was to determine the effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) on anxiety and resilience in students.
Students admitted to the counseling centers of Ilam University were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Using convenient sampling
method, 30 subjects were selected and randomly assigned to either REBT tests or a control group (10 subjects in each). The 26 codes of ethics were
observed in the study and the data were analyzed using SPSS17. Before the intervention, the anxiety score was 26.75 (4.43) and after the intervention
it was 18 (4.403) (p < 0.05), but in the control group it was 31.34 (6.04) before the intervention and after the intervention it was 32.35 (5.17) (p
> 0.05). Before the intervention, the anxiety score was 52.77 (13.37) and after the intervention it was 60.00 (14.31) (p < 0.05), but in the control
group it was 47.00 (8.73) before the intervention and after the intervention it was 49.76 (9.10) (p > 0.05). REBT was effective in students as it
reduced anxiety and increased resilience. Thus, it is suggested for use in students' care. Copyright © 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH,
Berlin/Boston.
International
Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Ahmadi, K., Hazrati, M., Ahmadizadeh, M., Noohi,
S.
Objective: Not perceiving circadian shifts of sunlight due to living in enclosed environments may have deleterious
effects on mental health and plasma parameters. This study aimed to determine the effect of dim regulation on the submarine personnel of Iranian Navy
forces by radiating devices according to natural circadian sunlight shifts. Also, this study aimed to investigate the impact of mimicking sunlight
circadian by artificial radiance luminating devices on the serological and psychological measures of submarine personnel. Method(s): Participants
were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups in this non-randomized controlled trial. There were 26 participants in each group, and they
were all male aged 21-29 years. Both groups were living in the submarine underground hall, with 120 meters 2 area with constant radiance with the
same intensity. The experimental group had been given extra lighting devices with changing radiance intensity according to the natural sunlight
circadian cycles. Plasma melatonin levels and depression and anxiety scores were determined before and after the experiment for both groups.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Cattell's Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (IPAT) were used to measure depression and anxiety,
respectively. Result(s): Findings indicate that the plasma melatonin levels (-16.2+/-13.6 vs 8.0+/-9.3 mg/dL, respectively; p<0.001), depression
scores (-6+/-6 vs 3.9+/-5.4, respectively; p<0.001), and anxiety scores (-1+/-1.2 vs 0.73+/-1.04, respectively; p<0.001) significantly reduced in the
experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion(s): Using radiance dimmers, with a radiance intensity regularity according to the
sunlight, is effective in improving psychiatric and plasma parameters and can be used in closed occupational environments such as underground
environments and submarine halls. Copyright © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 14(2) : 147-
153
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Bright light therapy
Carpena, M. X., Tavares, P. D. S., Menezes, C. B.
Background: Evidence shows high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among university students. This study
investigated whether a meditation-based program would help reducing these symptoms in this population. Method(s): Non-randomized controlled trial
investigating the effects of a six-week focused meditation training on depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory)
outcomes among university students. Participants were allocated into a meditation or waiting list control group. Assessment occurred pre and post
intervention and only for the meditation group at 6 and 12 months follow-up. General linear model for repeated measures evaluated the intervention
effect considering group and time factors, controlling for minor psychiatric disorders, gender and absence at meetings. Result(s): The meditation
group presented a reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms after intervention compared to controls. Among the meditation group, depression (at 6
months follow-up) and anxiety (at 6 and 12 months follow-up) scores were lower for those who continued practicing. Limitation(s): Non-randomization
and absence of daily practice record (precluding dose-response gradient evaluation). Conclusion(s): The meditation training was effective in reducing
depression and anxiety symptoms, but the maintanance of these reductions only occurred for those who continued meditating. Permanent meditation
programs may be an alternative for promoting mental health for university students. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Journal of Affective
Disorders, 246 : 401-407
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Meditation
Chen, X. B.
To study the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake inhibitor combined with thought guidance on the students with
anxiety disorder in order to relieve the psychological pressure and promote the development of students' physical and mental health. Sixty students
with anxiety disorder were divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Thirty patients in the experimental group were treated
with 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake inhibitor and thought-guided therapy, while the control group was not treated. The anxiety of the two groups was
observed at day 5, 10 and 15, and the effect of treatment was evaluated using the Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A), and Young's mania rating
scale (YMRS). After 5 days, compared with the control group, the effective rate and cure rate of anxiety disorder in the experimental group are
increased by 38 and 40 %, respectively; After 10 days, the effective rate and cure rate of anxiety disorder are increased by 45 and 52 %,
respectively; After 15 days, the effective rate and cure rate of anxiety disorder were increased by 60 and 65 %, respectively. The HAM-A and YMRS of
the 5th, 10th and 15th day were evaluated and the results showed that the scores of the experimental group were significantly different from those of
the control group (p<0.01). 5-hydroxy tryptamine reuptake inhibitor and ideological guidance have a good effect on the treatment of students with
anxiety disorder.
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 81 (1 Supplement 1) : 18-
19
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions