Disorders - Anxiety Disorders
Venturo-Conerly, K. E., Eisenman,
D., Wasil, A. R., Singla, D. R., Weisz, J. R.
OBJECTIVE: Because most youth psychotherapies are
developed and tested in high-income countries, relatively little is known about their effectiveness or moderators in low- and middle-income countries
(LMICs). To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing psychotherapies for youth with multiple
psychiatric conditions in LMICs, and we tested candidate moderators.\rMETHOD: We searched 9 international databases for RCTs of youth psychotherapies
in LMICs published through January 2021. The RCTs targeted elevated symptoms of youth anxiety (including posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and
obsessive-compulsive disorder), depression, conduct problems, and attention problems. Using robust variance estimation, we estimated the pooled
effect sizes (Hedges g) at posttreatment and follow-up for intervention vs control conditions.\rRESULTS: Of 5,145 articles identified, 34 articles
(with 43 treatment-control comparisons and 4,176 participants) met methodological standards and were included. The overall pooled g with winsorized
outliers was 1.01 (95% CI = 0.72-1.29, p < .001) at posttreatment and 0.68 (95% CI = 0.29-1.07, p = .003) at follow-up. Interventions delivered by
professional clinicians significantly outperformed those delivered by lay providers (g = 1.59 vs 0.53), but all interventions for conduct problems
were delivered by professionals, and the difference for interventions targeting internalizing problems (g = 1.33 vs .53) was not significant.
Interventions developed non-locally were more effective if they were not adapted to local contexts than if they were adapted locally (g = 2.31 vs
0.66), highlighting a need for further research on effective adaptations. Significant risk of bias was identified.\rCONCLUSION: Overall, pooled
effects of youth psychotherapies in LMICs were markedly larger than those in recent comparable non-LMIC meta-analyses, which have shown small-to-
medium effects for youth psychotherapies. Findings highlight the potential benefits of youth psychotherapies in LMICs, as well as a need for more
RCTs and improved study quality.\rSTUDY PREREGISTRATION INFORMATION: Effectiveness of Youth Psychotherapy Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income
Countries (LMICs): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; CRD42021240031.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 62(8) : 859-
873
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Thielemann, J. F. B., Kasparik, B., Konig,
J., Unterhitzenberger, J., Rosner, R.
The efficacy of trauma-focused treatments for children and adolescents is well researched. However, less is known about the long-term
and caregiver-reported effects. Searched databases were PsychInfo, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PTSDPubs, PubMed, Web of Science, and OpenGrey.
Treatment effects of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) were computed at 12-month follow-up with posttraumatic stress symptoms
(PTSS) as primary outcome and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and grief as secondary outcomes. Concordance between participant and caregiver ratings
were investigated. TF-CBT showed large improvements across all outcomes from pre-treatment to 12-month follow-up (PTSS: g = 1.71, CI 1.27-2.15) and
favorable results compared to active treatments and treatment as usual at 12-month follow-up (PTSS: g = .35, CI .13-.56). More pronounced effects
were found in group settings. No significant differences were detected between participant and caregiver ratings with high reliability across almost
all outcomes and assessment points. TF-CBT is a reliable treatment for pediatric PTSS and secondary symptoms with stable results at 12-month follow-
up.
Child maltreatment, : 10775595231167383
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-
CBT)
Szota,
K., Schulte, K. L., Christiansen, H.
Although
treatment guidelines recommend interventions entailing caregiver involvement for children and adolescents following traumatic experiences, evidence
on their effectiveness is inconsistent. The present systematic review and meta-analysis considered possible moderators of their effectiveness.
METHOD(S): Eligible studies were (quasi-)randomized controlled trials and efficacy trials published in English or German with participants up to the
age of 21 years presenting symptoms of mental disorders due to traumatic experiences. The effectiveness of interventions entailing any kind and
extent of caregiver involvement had to be investigated by applying evaluated instruments. PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, COCHRANE and PSYNDEX were searched.
RESULT(S): A total of 33 studies with 36 independent samples were retrieved. Child- and parent-reports on PTSD, depression, anxiety, ADHD,
internalizing, externalizing symptoms and behavior problems were analyzed where available. The pooled effect size is significant and robust at post-
treatment for child-reported PTSD, g=- 0.34 (95% CI=- 0.53; - 0.14), parent-reported PTSD, g=- 0.41 (95% CI=- 0.71; - 0.11), child-reported
depression, g=- 0.29 (95% CI=- 0.46; - 0.11), child-reported anxiety, g=- 0.25 (95% CI=- 0.42; - 0.08), and parent-reported internalizing symptoms,
g=- 0.27 (95% CI=- 0.47; - 0.07). Female sex and fulfilling diagnostic criteria appeared as potential moderators. The only significant effect size at
follow-up is found for child-reported PTSD symptoms 12 months post-treatment, g=- 0.37 (95% CI=- 0.67; - 0.07). CONCLUSION(S): Interventions
entailing caregiver involvement revealed greater symptom reductions than control conditions. Determinants of their effectiveness should be examined
further. Copyright © 2022. The Author(s).
Clinical child and family psychology review, 26(1) : 17-
32
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Syed-Sheriff,
R. J., Vuorre, M., Riga, E., Przybylski, A. K., Adams, H., Harmer, C. J., Geddes, J. R.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare a co-produced
online intervention encompassing the diverse human stories behind art and artefacts, named Ways of Being (WoB), with a typical museum website, the
Ashmolean (Ash) on negative affect (NA), positive affect (PA) and psychological distress (K10).\rMETHODS: In this parallel group RCT, 463 YP aged 16
-24 were randomly assigned, 231 to WoB and 232 to Ash.\rRESULTS: Over the intervention phase (an aggregate score including all post-allocation
timepoints to day-five) a group difference was apparent in favour of WoB for NA (WoB-Ash n=448, NA -0.158, p=0.010) but no differences were detected
for PA or K10 and differences were not detected at week six. Group differences in NA in favour of WoB were detected in specific subgroups, e.g.
ethnic minorities and males. Across participants (from both groups) mean K10 and NA improved between baseline and six weeks despite increased COVID-
19 restrictions. Trial recruitment was rapid, retention high and feedback positive with broad geographical, occupational and ethnic diversity.
\rCONCLUSIONS: Online engagement with arts and culture has the potential to impact on mental health in a measurable way in YP with high unmet mental
health needs.
Australian & New Zealand Journal of
Psychiatry, 57(5) : 745-757
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Swee, M. B., Klein, K., Murray, S., Heimberg, R. G.
Objectives: Over the last decade, the mental health of undergraduate students has been of increasing concern and the prevalence of
psychological disorders among this population has reached an unprecedented high. Compassion-based interventions have been used to treat shame and
self-criticism, both of which are common experiences among undergraduate students and transdiagnostic vulnerability factors for an array of
psychological disorders. This randomized controlled study examined the utility of a brief online self-compassionate letter-writing intervention for
undergraduate students with high shame.\rMethod: Participants were 68 undergraduates who scored in the upper quartile on shame. Individuals were
randomly assigned to a 16-day self-compassionate letter-writing intervention (n = 29) or a waitlist control group (n = 39). Participants completed
baseline, post-assessment, and one-month follow-up measures.\rResults: Participants who practiced self-compassionate letter writing evidenced
medium-to-large reductions in global shame, external shame, self-criticism, and general anxiety at post-assessment, and gains were sustained at
follow-up. Additionally, there were trend-level effects for increases in self-compassion and decreases in depression for those who participated in
the intervention.\rConclusions: This study examined the efficacy of self-compassionate letter-writing as a stand-alone intervention for undergraduate
students with high shame. This brief, easily accessible, and self-administered practice may be beneficial for a host of internalizing symptoms in
this population and may support university counseling centers as they navigate high demand for mental health services.
Mindfulness, 14(4) : 854-867
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM)
Sulistiowati, N. M. D., Keliat, B. A., Ismail, R. I., Besral, B., Lanang Triana, I. K. D.
Adolescents are at risk in experiencing mental health
problems if the risk factors owned are more than the protective factors. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of Mental Health nursing
promotive and preventive models on protective factors, risk factors and Adolescents' Mental Health. This research was with quasi-experiment, design
employed randomization control group pre and post-test design conducted on 240 adolescents, which was divided into both groups equally. The study
found that protective factors (self-esteem, family relationship, and prosocial ability) has increased after intervention model by 10.2%; 4.4%; 15.7%,
respectively, risk factors (bullying behavior, anxiety, emotional problems, behavioral problems, and peer problems) has decreased after the
intervention model by 9.8%; 26.1%; 25.9%; 17.5%; 22.4%, respectively. The model also increased the adolescents' mental health after intervention
model by 14.9%. The mental health nursing promotive and preventive model is effective to increase the mental health of adolescents by 21.3%. Mental
health nursing' promotive and preventive model could be used as basic needs to implement early detection regarding mental health of adolescents in
the UKS scope and involving teachers' role, as well as parents in maintaining mental health.
Pediatria Medica e Chirurgica, 45(s1) : 28
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Stefansdottir, I. H., Ivarsson, T., Skarphedinsson, G.
Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and
selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in comparison with various control contingencies (e.g. pill placebo and cognitive behavioral
treatment) for pediatric anxiety disorders. Additionally, we wanted to investigate whether serious adverse events or adverse events are more common
with medication treatment compared with pill placebo. Material(s) and Method(s): Studies were selected if they were randomized controlled trials
evaluating SSRIs or SNRIs. Eligible studies included participants aged 17 years or younger. Eleven studies were included, with 2122 participants.
Primary outcomes were (1) remission, (2) a continuous scale such as the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children and (3) serious adverse
events. We also calculated number needed to treat and number needed to harm. Result(s): SSRIs and SNRIs are an effective treatment of childhood
anxiety disorders and are superior to pill placebo. While the risk of serious adverse events was low with SSRI/SNRI treatment, there was an increased
risk of experiencing behavioral activation with SSRI/SNRI treatment. Conclusion(s): SSRI and SNRI treatment is effective for childhood anxiety
disorders, with positive effect of treatment outweighing the negative effects. Copyright © 2022 The Nordic Psychiatric Association.
, 77(2) : 137-146
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
(SNRIs), Antidepressants
(any)
Srivastava, M., Ghosh, A.
Purpose: This investigation
purports to study if gratitude interventions lead to an increase in overall wellbeing among Indian youth\rduring the coronavirus lockdown. Second, to
examine if a cumulative\reffect of two gratitude interventions on wellbeing is greater than\ra single gratitude intervention.\rMethod: Participants
(N = 80) were randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups (n = 40 each).\rResult: It was found that after administering a single
gratitude intervention there was a significant increase in mental health, happiness,\rand gratitude and a decrease in depression, anxiety, and stress
in the\rexperimental group. Moreover, after administering two gratitude\rinterventions together, a greater increase was seen in these variables\ras
compared to the administration of a single gratitude intervention.\rThere was no significant change in the control group in both cases.\rConclusion:
In summary, online gratitude interventions lead to\rincrease in happiness and mental health and decrease in depression,\ranxiety, and stress even
during crises such as the coronavirus pandemic. Moreover, the cumulative effect of two gratitude interventions\ris more than a single gratitude
intervention. It is suggested that these\rgratitude interventions should be included in providing mental health\rcare even when clients are not able
to meet counselors in physical\rsettings.
Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 20(2) : 272-298
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Song, X., Wang, J.
Background. With the
increasing academic pressure on students, students have become a large group of anxiety patients. Some studies have shown that Huayu Changshen
Formula can relieve the stagnation of liver qi in patients, and has high application value in the clinical treatment of anxiety disorders. In order
to improve its treatment effect on students with anxiety disorder, the study proposed a combined treatment method of Huayu Changshen Formula and
ideological and political psychological intervention to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of students with anxiety disorder. Subjects and
Methods. A total of 86 students with anxiety disorders from February 2020 to November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were randomly
divided into the experimental group and the control group. The patients in the experimental group were treated with the combination of Huayu
Changshen Formula and ideological and political psychological intervention, and the patients in the control group were treated with paroxetine. The
treatment lasted for 10 weeks. Before and after the treatment, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAHA) was used for scoring to understand the anxiety level of
patients. The symptom scale of liver qi stagnation syndrome was used to score the patient's condition. All data were analyzed by SPSS24.0 software.
Results. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in HAHA score and Traditional Chinese Medica (TCM) symptom score between the two
groups; After treatment, the HAHA scores of the patients in the experimental group and the control group decreased to about 7.88 and 12.39
respectively, and the TCM symptom scores of the patients in the experimental group decreased by about 4.86 points compared with the control group.
The difference between the two groups of patients was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The observation of the overall efficacy of the two groups
of patients showed that the recovery rate of the experimental group patients reached 28.78%, which was 24% higher than that of the control group. The
overall efficacy difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions. The combined treatment of Huayu Changshen
Formula and ideological and political psychological intervention has improved the overall treatment level of anxiety disorder, and its therapeutic
effect is far better than that of paroxetine, which can significantly improve students' anxiety disorder, and can be popularized in the clinical
treatment of anxiety disorder.
CNS Spectrums, 28(Supplement
1) : S14
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Smith, B. W., deCruz-Dixon,
N., Erickson, K., Guzman, A., Phan, A., Schodt, K.
This study investigated
the effects of an 8-week online positive psychology course on happiness, health, and well-being. There were 65 undergraduate students in the course
and a comparison group of 63 undergraduates taking other online psychology courses. The participants were assessed on positive mental health (e.g.,
happiness, positive emotions), negative mental health (e.g., anxiety, depression), general health, and personal characteristics (e.g., hope,
resilience) during the first and last week of the courses. The anxiety and depression measures had cut-offs for clinically significant symptoms. The
hypotheses were that the positive psychology students would have significant improvements on all measures and a reduction in the percent anxious and
depressed relative to the comparison group. The hypotheses were supported with large effect sizes for positive and negative mental health (mean ds =
0.907 and - 0.779, respectively) and medium-to-large effects for general health and personal characteristics (d = 0.674 and mean ds = 0.590,
respectively). There was a reduction from 49.2 to 23.1% percent anxious and from 18.6 to 6.2% percent depressed with no change in the comparison
group. In addition, improvements in the online positive psychology course were compared with a previous study of a similar face-to-face positive
psychology course (Smith et al., 2021) showing the effect sizes for improvements relative to the comparison groups were larger in the online vs.
face-to-face course (mean ds = 0.878. vs. 0.593). Possible explanations for these differences are discussed along with the implications for
maximizing the benefits of positive psychology courses in the future.
Journal of Happiness Studies, 24(3) : 1145-1167
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Positive
psychology, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Skarphedinsson, G., Karlsson, G. K.
The present study aimed to assess the
efficacy of a group-based, brief transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) program for adolescents with internalizing problems, such as
anxiety and depressive disorders, seeking help in a primary health care clinic in Iceland. The group-based CBT program consisted of eight weekly 110
-min sessions covering psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation, exposure, problem-solving, social skills, and mindfulness.
The study recruited 53 participants, who were randomly assigned to either receive the group treatment or be placed on a wait-list for monitoring
purposes. Measures were taken at baseline, during treatment (week 4), at posttreatment (week 8), and at 2-, 4-month, and 1-year follow-ups. The
primary outcome measures were the self-reported total scores of total anxiety and depression using the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression
Scale (RCADS). The study found a significant effect of time and time * treatment interaction on the depression and anxiety total scores. The
secondary outcome measures, RCADS parent-rated depression and anxiety total scores, did not show significant effects of time * treatment interaction.
However, during naturalistic follow-up, a significant reduction in parent-reported depression and anxiety total scores was observed. The study also
observed good treatment adherence, as well as high satisfaction among parents and youth. The results suggest that this group-based, brief
transdiagnostic CBT group treatment is feasible and effective in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with internalizing problems
and highlights the importance of addressing comorbidity in treatment. Copyright © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science
+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Child psychiatry and human
development., 09 :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Simmons, M. B., Cartner, S., MacDonald, R., Whitson, S., Bailey, A., Brown, E.
Background: Peer
workers support individuals experiencing mental health challenges by drawing on their shared lived experience. Peer support has become increasingly
popular for young people with anxiety and depression, but the evidence base is unclear. This systematic review aimed to understand the effectiveness
of peer support for youth depression and anxiety (either primary or comorbid), and to understand in which contexts, for whom, and why peer support
works. Method(s): A systematic search was conducted with the Orygen Evidence Finder, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo from January 1980 to July 2022.
Controlled trials of interventions to improve mental health in young people (mean age 14-24), delivered by a peer worker with lived experienced of
mental health challenges were included. Outcomes related to depression or anxiety were extracted and descriptive synthesis was undertaken due to the
heterogeneity of studies. Study quality was rated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme; reporting adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items
for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Result(s): Nine randomised controlled trials with 2,003 participants were included, with
seven undertaken in high income countries. One targeted depression and anxiety, two stigma-distress (any mental disorder), one first episode
psychosis, four studies preventing eating disorders and one drug misuse. One study successfully reduced anxiety and depression, another reduced
depression only, four reported reductions in negative affect, with the final three measuring, but not having a significant impact on depression.
Study quality was rated as 'good' overall. Discussion(s): Despite the uptake of youth peer support globally, there is limited evidence from
controlled trials of the effect of peer support-related interventions on anxiety and depression. There is some effect on negative affect, especially
for university students. Further rigorously designed trials of peer delivered interventions for young people need to be conducted with a focus on
understanding the mechanisms of action underpinning peer support. Copyright © 2023, The Author(s).
BMC Psychiatry, 23(1) (no pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders
(any), Psychosis Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention), First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions