Disorders - Anxiety Disorders
Yang, H., Guan, Y.
To examine the effect of positive rumination training on mental health and attentional bias, 32 college freshmen
with low level of mental health were recruited and assigned to the experimental and waitlist control groups, 16 participants in each group. The
experimental group received a 8-session group counseling with 2 h per session. Results showed that positive rumination increased while negative
rumination, depression and anxiety decreased significantly for the experimental group. For the waitlist control group, all these indicators did not
change significantly. The attention engagement in sad faces of the experimental group decreased significantly while other indicators of attentional
bias did not change. The results indicate that group positive rumination training can improve mental health. But further research is needed to
examine its effect on attentional bias. Copyright © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of
Springer Nature.
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 44(2) : 582-
589
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Xu, J., Jo, H., Noorbhai,
L., Patel, A., Li, A.
Background: With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many have experienced drastic changes in their academic and social lives with
ensuing consequences towards their physical and mental well-being. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify virtual mindfulness-based
interventions for the well-being of adults aged 19 to 40 years in developed countries and examine the efficacy of these techniques/exercises. Method
(s): This mixed-methods systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines with a
registered PROSPERO protocol. With a convergent integrated synthesis approach, IEEE Xplore, PsychInfo, Web of Science and OVID were searched with a
predetermined criteria and search strategy employing booleans and filters for peer-reviewed and gray literature. Data screening and extraction were
independently performed by two authors, with a third author settling disagreements after reconciliation. Study quality of selected articles was
assessed with two independent authors using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Studies were analyzed qualitatively (precluding meta and
statistical analysis) due to the heterogeneous study results from diverse study designs in present literature. Result(s): Common mindfulness-based
interventions used in the appraised studies included practicing basic mindfulness, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programs, Mindfulness-
Based Cognitive Therapy programs (MBCT) and the Learning 2 BREATHE (L2B) program. Conclusion(s): Studies implementing mindfulness interventions
demonstrated an overall improvement in well-being. Modified versions of these interventions can be implemented in a virtual context, so adults can
improve their well-being through an accessible format. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
, 300 : 571-
585
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Wu, X., Feng, Y., Hao,
Y.
Background: On the one hand, with the development of the world's anti-globalization trend, the spread of the COVID-19 and the
continuation of the Russian Ukrainian war, the psychological pressure on domestic college students' employment has increased, and some college
students even suffer from anxiety. On the other hand, the rural revitalization strategy provides another way of thinking for the employment and
anxiety relief from college students in China, that is, through the spiritual education of local culture, to change the employment outlook and world
outlook of college students. Subjects and methods: To test the effectiveness and feasibility of local culture spirit inheritance education in
alleviating college students' psychological anxiety by analyzing relevant literature and carrying out group teaching experiments, and to interview
the selected research objects to understand the causes of their psychological anxiety and the impact of local culture spirit inheritance education.
Result(s): Before and after the education experiment, the students in each group were tested by SAS (Self-rating Anxiety Scale). It was found that
there was no significant difference in the SAS score data onto the students in each group before the experiment, but the SAS score of the group that
received local culture education after the experiment was significantly lower than that of the control group that did not receive the intervention.
Conclusion(s): The education of local culture and spirit inheritance to students can enable students to learn a lot of Chinese traditional cultural
knowledge, so as to achieve the effect of self-cultivation and reduce students' psychological anxiety, especially the degree of employment anxiety.
Copyright © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia.
Psychiatria Danubina, 34(Supplement 4) : 1129-
1134
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Wickersham, A., Barack, T., Cross,
L., Downs, J.
BACKGROUND: Depression
and anxiety are major public health concerns among adolescents. Computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) has emerged as a potential
intervention, but its efficacy in adolescents remains unestablished.\rOBJECTIVE: This review aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze findings
on the efficacy of cCBT for the treatment of adolescent depression and anxiety.\rMETHODS: Embase, PsycINFO, and Ovid MEDLINE were systematically
searched for randomized controlled trials in English, which investigated the efficacy of cCBT for reducing self-reported depression or anxiety in
adolescents aged 11 to 19 years. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened for eligibility by 2 independent researchers (TB and LC). A random-
effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the effects of cCBT on depression and anxiety symptom scores compared with the control groups. Study
quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool.\rRESULTS: A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were eligible for
inclusion in this review, of which 13 (81%) were included in the meta-analysis. The quality of the studies was mixed, with 5 (31%) studies rated as
good overall, 2 (13%) rated as fair, and 9 (56%) rated as poor. Small but statistically significant effects of cCBT were detected, with cCBT
conditions showing lower symptom scores at follow-up compared with control conditions for both anxiety (standardized mean difference -0.21, 95% CI -
0.33 to -0.09; I2=36.2%) and depression (standardized mean difference -0.23, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.07; I2=59.5%). Secondary
analyses suggested that cCBT may be comparable with alternative, active interventions (such as face-to-face therapy or treatment as usual).
\rCONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis reinforces the efficacy of cCBT for the treatment of anxiety and depression and is the first to examine this
exclusively in adolescents. Future research could aim to identify the active components of these interventions toward optimizing their development
and increasing the feasibility and acceptability of cCBT in this age group.\rTRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019141941;
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=141941.
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(4) : e29842
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Whiteside, S. P. H., Biggs, B. K., Ollendick, T. H., Dammann, J.
E., Tiede, M. S., Hofschulte, D. R., Reneson-Feeder, S., Cunningham, M., Sawchuk, N. R., Geske, J. R., Brennan, E.
Increasing the use of exposure by
community therapists during the treatment of childhood anxiety disorders is critical to improving the quality of available treatment. The aim of the
current study was to investigate whether a brief training in the delivery of an exposure-focused and technology-assisted treatment protocol increased
community therapist openness to exposure therapy, use of exposure in treatment, and improvement in patient symptoms. Participants were 17 therapists
recruited from a large health system to provide outpatient therapy to 32 youth ages 8-18 (M=12.13, 78.1% girls) with treatment as usual or with the
Anxiety Coach application (AC-app). Consistent with two of three hypotheses, therapists in the AC-app condition increased their openness to, and use
of, exposure-however, these changes did not translate into improved therapeutic outcomes. Comparisons to benchmark studies suggest that the community
therapists did not implement enough in vivo exposure of sufficient intensity or include parents enough to improve outcome. Results support the
ability of exposure-focused treatment protocols to increase community therapists' use of evidence-based treatment and suggest that future efforts
should focus on improving the quality, in addition to quantity, of therapist-delivered exposure.
, 53(4) : 642-
655
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Exposure therapy, Exposure
and response prevention, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Webb, C. A., Swords, C. M., Lawrence, H. R., Hilt, L.
M.
Objective: Rumination heightens risk for depression and anxiety, which increase substantially during
adolescence. Smartphone apps offer a convenient and cost-effective means for adolescents to access mindfulness training, which may reduce rumination.
Despite their increasing popularity, it is unclear which adolescents benefit from mindfulness apps. Method(s): Adolescents (n = 152) with elevated
trait rumination were randomly assigned to 3 weeks of app-based mindfulness training or a mood-monitoring control. Multilevel models tested group
differences in state rumination change, assessed via ecological momentary assessment. Baseline adolescent characteristics were submitted to elastic
net regularization models to develop a \"Personalized Advantage Index\" indicating an individual's expected outcome from the mindfulness app
relative to the mood-monitoring control. Finally, we translated a predictive model (developed in an external sample) for personalized recommendations
of expected benefit from the mindfulness app. Result(s): Adolescents in the mindfulness app condition reported significantly greater reductions in
rumination than adolescents in the control condition. Individuals predicted to have better outcomes from the mindfulness app relative to mood
monitoring had significantly greater reductions in rumination if randomly assigned to the mindfulness condition. In contrast, between-condition
differences in outcome were not significant for adolescents predicted to have better outcomes in the mood-monitoring condition. Conclusion(s):
Findings support the efficacy of a mindfulness app to reduce state rumination in adolescents, particularly among adolescents high in trait
rumination. A predictive model is put forth, which could be used to objectively communicate expected mindfulness app outcomes to adolescents prior to
engagement in app-based mindfulness training. Copyright © 2022 American Psychological Association
Journal of Consulting and Clinical
Psychology, 90(9) : 655-669
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Waters, A. M., Sluis, R. A., Usher, W., Farrell, L.
J., Donovan, C. L., Modecki, K. L., Zimmer-Gembeck,
M. J., Castle, M., Hinchey, J.
One productive avenue for building adolescents'
personal strengths and reducing mental health problems is integrating assessment and intervention into organised sports programs. We investigated the
efficacy of the RISE program, a rugby league development program for 12- to 15-year-old boys, which integrated a mental health and wellbeing system
called Life-Fit-Learning. The Life-Fit System is designed to measure youth's strengths and mental health symptoms and sends mental health feedback
to parents, provides group-based workshops, connects youth and parents to online psychoeducation resources, and provides individual telephone
follow-up and referral with parents of youth at high-risk for mental health problems. In this study, mental health and wellbeing outcomes were
compared in participants who did (RISE, N = 94) and did not (Comparison, N = 82) receive the RISE/Life-Fit-Learning program. RISE players reported
their self-satisfaction, grit, gratitude, prosocial behaviour, anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems using the Life-Fit System pre- and
post-program. Comparison participants completed measures twice, 6-months apart. Self-satisfaction did not change in RISE participants but declined
among comparison participants. In both groups, 26% of players scored in the high-risk range on at least one mental health measure. On mental health
measures, high-risk RISE players' depression and behavioural problems improved from pre-to post-program relative to no change among Comparison
players. Among participants who were not high-risk, RISE players' anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems did not change whereas Comparison
players' behavioural problems increased significantly. Results underscore the value of integrating strengths-based interventions and targeting youth
mental health problems within the context of junior sports development programs.
Behaviour
Research & Therapy, 157 : 104166
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions, Personalised feedback, normative feedback, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Wang, Z., Li, Y., An, J., Dong, W., Li, H., Ma, H., Wang, J., Wu, J., Jiang, T., Wang, G.
Anxiety and depression have been growing global mental health
problems. The following studies explored the effect of interactive VR scenarios to find a low-cost and high-efficiency solution. Study 1 designed a 2
(anxiety and depression state) x4 (interactive VR scenarios) experiment, the results of 20 participants showed that the designed scenarios had good
restoration and presence, assisting to improve depression mood for people with mild to moderate anxiety and depression. Study 2 further investigated
the intervention effects of two environment types (urban and park) and four interactive activities (automatic viewing, free-roaming, fishing, and
watering plants in the park environment), based on data from a 10-minute experiment conducted by 195 participants with mild to moderate anxiety and
depression. The subjective scales, EEG and EMG, and scenario experience were analyzed and the results showed that: (1) the restorative and present VR
scenarios were beneficial in alleviating state anxiety and depression; (2) the restorative environment and presence were significantly and positively
related to the reduction of anxiety and depression respectively, moreover, presence mediated the restorative environment on the recovery from anxiety
and depression; (3) the environmental settings, the complexity of interaction, human factors, and maturity of VR devices and technology were also key
factors that influenced the effects of interactive VR scenario experience and intervention. These studies revealed VR psychological intervention
scenarios could be designed with comprehensive factors. Moreover, they might help pave the way for future study in exploring the physiology and
psychology mode in virtual and real spaces, enhancing intervention effectiveness. Copyright © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel,
Switzerland.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health, 19(13) (no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Wang, X., Li, Y.
Background: In universities, students are exposed to more and more new things and face more and more
contradictions and problems. However, the high expectations and pressures from society, families, schools and students themselves can easily lead to
various psychological problems and psychological anxiety, such as learning anxiety and employment anxiety. When anxiety exists for a long time, and
the degree is too heavy, it will lead to students suffering from phobia, such as learning phobia, social phobia, etc., which greatly affects
students' normal study and life. College music bel canto teaching is an effective means to relieve students' anxiety and then treat students'
phobia. However, the current college music bel canto teaching has many defects, the teaching quality is low, and the easing effect on students'
anxiety is not obvious. Therefore, based on the positive psychology, the research innovates and improves the college music bel canto teaching mode in
order to alleviate students' anxiety and treat students' phobia. Subjects and methods: In a university in a city, volunteers were recruited through
the school's official account, the notice of class counselors, and the distribution of leaflets on campus. Before the experiment, inform the
students of the experiment method and purpose, and allow the students to quit. After screening, a total of 61 students were left as experimental
subjects. The students were divided into two classes, the research group and the control group. For the students in the research group, the
innovative college music bel canto teaching mode is adopted for teaching. For the control group, the traditional college music bel canto teaching
mode was used. After the same teaching time, the scale survey tool was used to investigate the remission of phobia in two classes. Result(s): Before
the teaching experiment, the students in the two classes had the same degree of psychological problems, and the difference was very small. After the
teaching experiment, the psychological problems of the students in the research group were effectively solved, and the psychological pressure was
effectively relieved. The relief of psychological stress in the control group was inferior to that in the study group. Conclusion(s): Anxiety refers
to a negative emotional state that occurs when human beings encounter difficulties, setbacks or blows, including tension, anxiety, fear and anxiety
caused by impaired self-esteem, loss of self-confidence, frustration and guilt. The long-term excessive anxiety will lead to the students' phobia,
make the students have a fear of learning and school, and the students' learning activities will be affected. The research is based on positive
psychology to innovate and improve the college music bel canto teaching mode, so as to relieve students' anxiety and psychological pressure, and
treat students' phobia. Copyright © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia.
Psychiatria
Danubina, 34(Supplement 4) : 1070-1074
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
Wang, L., Guo, Y., Liu,
Y., Yan, X., Ding, R.
BACKGROUND: Nursing students experience high
levels of stress and anxiety during clinical practice. Although several psychological intervention programs have been developed to alleviate their
distress, studies on the effects of mobile phone-based programs are limited.\rOBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of a mobile phone-based
psychological intervention program on stress, anxiety, and self-efficacy among undergraduate nursing students during clinical practice.\rMETHODS: A
randomized, controlled trial was conducted among 114 nursing students for 8 weeks. The intervention group received mobile phone-based psychological
intervention (3 modules: support, education, and reflection), while the control group received a conventional face-to-face intervention and advice
from clinical educators. Data on stress (Chinese version of the Stressors in Nursing Students Scale), anxiety (State Anxiety Scale), and self-
efficacy (General Self-efficacy Scale) were collected at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 6 months post-intervention. Repeated-measures
analysis of variance was used analyze the intervention effects.\rRESULTS: Significant improvements in stress, anxiety, and self-efficacy (all
P<0.05), and significant time and time-group interaction (all P<0.05) were observed in the intervention group than in the control group.
\rCONCLUSIONS: Mobile phone-based psychological intervention programs alleviate stress and anxiety, and improve self-efficacy among nursing students
during clinical practice.
Journal of Professional Nursing, 42 : 219-224
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Vorontsova-Wenger, O., Ghisletta, P., Ababkov, V., Bondolfi, G., Barisnikov, K.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a
short mindfulness intervention on anxiety, stress and depression symptoms, as well as on inhibition of dominant responses and academic performance
among university students. Fifty volunteers (M(age)=23.8; SD=5.3) with high levels of depression, anxiety or stress were randomly allocated to a
mindfulness practice group or an active control group (listening to stories). Students who underwent the mindfulness practice had decreased levels of
anxiety, stress and depression compared to the control group. The mindfulness program also had a beneficial impact on the students' academic
performance. There was no change in the ability to inhibit dominant responses to neutral stimuli (letters); however, we observed a change in
responses to neutral faces. Further research perspectives and the clinical implications of the study are discussed.
Anxiety, stress, and coping, 35(2) : 141
-157
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Viswanathan, M., Wallace, I. F., Cook-Middleton, J., Kennedy, S.
M., McKeeman, J., Hudson, K., Rains, C., Vander-Schaaf, E. B., Kahwati, L.
Importance: Anxiety in children and adolescents is associated with impaired functioning,
educational underachievement, and future mental health conditions. Objective(s): To review the evidence on screening for anxiety in children and
adolescents to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. Data Sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and trial registries through
July 19, 2021; references, experts, and surveillance through June 1, 2022. Study Selection: English-language, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of
screening; diagnostic test accuracy studies; RCTs of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or US Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacotherapy;
RCTs, observational studies, and systematic reviews reporting harms. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two reviewers assessed titles/abstracts, full-
text articles, and study quality and extracted data; when at least 3 similar studies were available, meta-analyses were conducted. Main Outcomes and
Measures: Test accuracy, symptoms, response, remission, loss of diagnosis, all-cause mortality, functioning, suicide-related symptoms or events,
adverse events. Result(s): Thirty-nine studies (N = 6065) were included. No study reported on the direct benefits or harms of screening on health
outcomes. Ten studies (n = 3260) reported the sensitivity of screening instruments, ranging from 0.34 to 1.00, with specificity ranging from 0.47 to
0.99. Twenty-nine RCTs (n = 2805) reported on treatment: 22 on CBT, 6 on pharmacotherapy, and 1 on CBT, sertraline, and CBT plus sertraline. CBT was
associated with gains on several pooled measures of symptom improvement (magnitude of change varied by outcome measure), response (pooled relative
risk [RR], 1.89 [95% CI, 1.17 to 3.05]; n = 606; 6 studies), remission (RR, 2.68 [95% CI, 1.48 to 4.88]; n = 321; 4 studies), and loss of diagnosis
(RR range, 3.02-3.09) when compared with usual care or wait-list controls. The evidence on functioning for CBT was mixed. Pharmacotherapy, when
compared with placebo, was associated with gains on 2 pooled measures of symptom improvement - mean difference (Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale mean
difference, -4.0 [95% CI, -5.5 to -2.5]; n = 726; 5 studies; and Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale mean difference, -0.84 [95% CI, -1.13 to
-0.55]; n = 550; 4 studies) and response (RR, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.58 to 2.98]; n = 370; 5 studies) - but was mixed on measures of functioning. Eleven
RCTs (n = 1293) reported harms of anxiety treatments. Suicide-related harms were rare, and the differences were not statistically significantly
different. Conclusions and Relevance: Indirect evidence suggested that some screening instruments were reasonably accurate. CBT and pharmacotherapy
were associated with benefits; no statistically significant association with harms was reported.. Copyright © 2022 American Medical Association. All
rights reserved.
JAMA, 328
(14) : 1445-1455
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
(SNRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Other biological interventions, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)