Disorders - Anxiety Disorders
McMakin, D. L., Ricketts, E. J., Forbes, E. E., Silk, J. S., Ladouceur, C. D., Siegle, G. J., Milbert, M., Trubnick, L., Cousins, J. C., Ryan, N. D., Harvey, A.
G., Dahl, R. E.
Sleep disturbance is prevalent in anxious youth and prospectively predicts poor emotional adjustment in
adolescence. Study 1 examined whether anxiety treatment improves subjective and objective sleep disturbance in anxious youth. Study 2 examined
whether a sleep intervention called Sleeping TIGERS can further improve sleep following anxiety treatment. Study 1 examined 133 youth (ages 9-14; 56%
female; 11% ethnic/racial minority) with generalized, social, or separation anxiety over the course of anxiety treatment (cognitive behavioral
treatment or client-centered treatment). Sleep-related problems (parent-, child-report) and subjective (diary) and objective (actigraphy) sleep
patterns were assessed across treatment in an open trial design. Study 2 included 50 youth (ages 9-14; 68% female; 10% ethnic/racial minority) who
continued to report sleep-related problems after anxiety treatment and enrolled in an open trial of Sleeping TIGERS. Pre- and postassessments
duplicated Study 1 and included the Focal Interview of Sleep to assess sleep disturbance. Study 1 demonstrated small reductions in sleep problems and
improvements in subjective sleep patterns (diary) across anxiety treatment, but outcomes were not deemed clinically significant, and 75% of youth
stayed above clinical cutoff. Study 2 showed clinically significant, large reductions in sleep problems and small changes in some subjective sleep
patterns (diary). Anxiety treatment improves, but does not resolve, sleep disturbance in peri-pubertal youth, which may portend risk for poor
emotional adjustment and mental health. The open trial provides preliminary support that Sleeping TIGERS can improve sleep in anxious youth to a
clinically significant degree.
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(Supplement1) : S284-
S297
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions
Zheng, H.
More
effective, tolerable interventions for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are needed. Preliminary findings encourage optimism
that methylphenidate augmentation may be of benefit in the treatment of OCD. To test modulator methylphenidate (MPH) of extended-release formulations
(MPH-ER) a safe and effective add-on therapy for refractory OCD, a pilot randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted at an
outpatient, single-center academic setting. Participants included 44 adults with serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) treatment-refractory OCD and
receiving a stable fluvoxamine pharmacotherapy with Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores higher than 20. Data were analyzed in the
intention-to-treat sample. All subjects were randomized into two parallel groups to receive fluvoxamine (250 mg daily) plus MPH-ER (36 mg daily) or
fluvoxamine (250 mg daily) plus identical placebo tablets under double-blind conditions and followed for 8 weeks. Forty-four patients (29 [66%] men),
with a mean (SD) age of 24.7 (6) years participated; with a mean (SD) duration of episode 5.7 (3) were randomized and forty-one finished the trial.
In the intention-to-treat analysis, the improvement in the Y-BOCS total score and Y-BOCS obsession subscale score was more prominent in the
fluvoxamine and MPH-ER group compared with those receiving placebo (P <.001). Additionally, cumulative response rates were higher in the MPH-ER vs
placebo groups (59% vs 5%; P <.001). MPH-ER was well tolerated; No subjects dropped out due to side effects. In summary, combined treatment with
MPH-ER demonstrated an enhanced clinical rate of response compared to placebo. Further trials should examine MPH-ER efficacy in a larger sample
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 29(3) : 397-
404
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), Treatment resistant/treatment refractory
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Other biological interventions
Melvin, G. A., Gordon, M. S.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for school refusal. However, some youth do not respond to CBT. The serious
risks associated with school nonattendance call for novel approaches to help those who do not respond to CBT. Because school refusal is commonly
associated with anxiety disorders, and the combination of CBT and antidepressant medication enhances outcomes in the treatment of anxiety disorders,
combined treatment may be effective for school refusal. This narrative review evaluates the current evidence base for adding antidepressant treatment
to CBT for school refusal. Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs), two open trials, six case studies/series, and one observational study were
identified and reviewed. There is support for combined CBT and imipramine, but this medication is not typically used due to the risk of concerning
side effects. Two recent RCTs failed to provide evidence for the superiority of combined CBT and fluoxetine. Further research in this area is
required because the extant studies have a number of methodological limitations. Recommendations are provided for clinicians who consider prescribing
antidepressant medication or referring for adjunctive antidepressant treatment for school refusal. Copyright © 2018
Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 26(1) : 107-
118
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Specific
Phobia
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Antidepressants
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Beloe, P., Derakshan, N.
Adolescents can be at heightened risk for anxiety and depression, with accumulating research reporting on associations between anxiety
and depression and cognitive impairments, implicating working memory and attentional control deficits. Several studies now point to the promise of
adaptive working memory training to increase attentional control in depressed and anxious participants and reduce anxiety and depression symptoms,
but this has not been explored in a non-clinical adolescent population. The current study explored the effects of adaptive dual n-back working memory
training on sub-clinical anxiety and depression symptomology in adolescents. Participants trained on either an online adaptive working memory task or
non-adaptive control task for up to 20 days. Primary outcome measures were self-reported anxiety and depression symptomology, before and after
intervention, and at 1-month follow-up. Self-reported depression (p = .003) and anxiety (p = .04) decreased after training in the adaptive n-back
group relative to the non-adaptive control group in the intention-to-treat sample (n = 120). These effects were sustained at follow-up. Our findings
constitute proof of principle evidence that working memory training may help reduce anxiety and depression vulnerability in a non-clinical adolescent
population. We discuss the findings' implications for reducing risk of internalising disorders in youth and the need for replication. This article
is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Developmental
Science, : e12831
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Attention/cognitive bias
modification
Sun, M., Rith-Najarian, L. R., Williamson, T. J., Chorpita, B. F.
Our aim was to investigate whether
four treatment features (i.e., the inclusion of parental involvement, goal-setting strategies, maintenance/relapse prevention sessions, the addition
of booster sessions) were associated with posttreatment and follow-up effect size of youth cognitive behavioral therapies (yCBTs) for anxiety,
depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in age groups spanning young children to adolescents. We conducted a
random-effects meta-analysis of 106 yCBTs tested in 76 randomized clinical trials from the PracticeWise Database to examine average effects of yCBTs
posttreatment and at a later follow-up assessment. We coded the use of parental involvement, goal setting, booster sessions, and maintenance/relapse
prevention in each yCBT and conducted random-effects meta-regression analyses to investigate whether these treatment features were associated with
yCBT effects at posttreatment as well as at follow-up. Overall, yCBTs produced large pre- to posttreatment effects (d = 1.05), 95% confidence
interval [0.94, 1.15], and larger pre- to follow-up effects (d = 1.29), 95% confidence interval [1.18, 1.40]. Metaregression results indicated that
parental involvement was significantly associated with larger pre- to posttreatment effect sizes as well as pre- to follow-up effect sizes. Booster
sessions, goal setting, and maintenance/relapse prevention were not significantly related to effect sizes at posttreatment or follow-up. Parental
involvement may be helpful for maximizing long-term effectiveness of yCBT. Future studies should investigate for whom and under what conditions
inclusion of yCBT treatment features is related to the durability of treatment gains.
Journal of clinical child and adolescent
psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division
53, 48(Supplement1) : S269-S283
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), Relapse prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Crane, M.
F., Boga, D., Karin, E., Gucciardi, D. F., Sinclair, L.
Objective: This group-randomized control trial examined the efficacy of guided coping and emotion regulatory self-reflection
as a means to strengthen resilience by testing the effects of the training on anxiety and depression symptoms and perceived stressor frequency after
an intensive stressor period. Method(s): The sample was 226 officer cadets training at the Royal Military College, Australia. Cadets were randomized
by platoon to the self-reflection (n = 130) or coping skills training (n = 96). Surveys occurred at 3 time points: Baseline, immediately following
the final reflective session (4-weeks postbaseline), and longer-term follow-up (3-months postinitial follow-up). Result(s): There were no significant
baseline differences in demographic or outcome variables between the intervention groups. On average, cadets commenced the resilience training with
mild depression and anxiety symptoms. Analyses were conducted at the individual-level after exploring group-level effects. No between-groups
differences were observed at initial follow-up. At longer-term follow-up, improvements in mental health outcomes were observed for the self-
reflection group, compared with the coping skills group, on depression (Cohen's d = 0.55; 95% CI [0.24, 0.86]), anxiety symptoms (Cohen's d = 0.69;
95% CI [0.37, 1.00]), and perceived stressor frequency (Cohen's d = 0.46; 95% CI [0.15, 0.77]). Longitudinal models demonstrated a time by condition
interaction for depression and anxiety, but there was only an effect of condition for perceived stressor frequency. Mediation analyses supported an
indirect effect of the intervention on both anxiety and depression via perceived stressor frequency. Conclusion(s): Findings provide initial support
for the use of guided self-reflection as an alternative to coping skills approaches to resilience training. Copyright © 2019 American Psychological
Association.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical
Psychology, 87(2) : 125-140
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Wolpert, M., Dalzell, K., Ullman, R., Garland,
L., Cortina, M., Hayes, D., Patalay, P., Law, D.
This Review reports on a scoping review
followed by a systematic review to consider interventions designed to address or manage depression or anxiety in children and young people up to the
age of 25 years without the need to involve mental health professionals. The scoping review identified 132 approaches, 103 of which referred to
children or young people (younger than 25 years). These approaches included social interaction, engagement with nature, relaxation, distraction,
sensory stimulation, physical activity, altering perceptions, engaging in hobbies, self-expression, and exploration. A systematic review of
effectiveness studies from the literature identified in the scoping review found only 38 studies on seven types of intervention that met the
inclusion criteria. 16 studies were based on cognitive or behavioural principles (15 on digital interventions and one on bibliotherapy), ten focused
on physical exercise, five on light therapy, three on dietary supplements, two on massage therapy, one on online peer support, and one on contact
with a dog. Most studies focused on adolescents or young adults. Evidence suggested that light therapy could be effective for season depression and
that digital interventions based on attention bias modification are ineffective for anxiety. Mixed evidence was available on the effectiveness of
computerised cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and anxiety, and of physical exercise for depression. All other studies had insufficient
certainty to obtain even tentative conclusions about effectiveness. These results highlight the disparity between the extensive range of approaches
identified in the scoping review and the restricted number and focus found in the systematic review of effectiveness of these approaches. We call for
an expanded research agenda that brings evaluation rigour to a wide range of self or community approaches. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA,
all rights reserved)
The Lancet Psychiatry, 6(1) : 46-
60
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other complementary & alternative
interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Davenport, C., Arentz, S., Sekyere, E., Steel, A.
Higher education students are at increased risk of
stress. Self-care and clinical prescription of vitamin supplements is common. B-Vitamins are often indicated due to their co-enzymatic roles in
glucose metabolism and maintenance of healthy nervous system function. Activated-B-Vitamins are a new generation of B-Vitamins with theoretical
advantages. However, there's limited evidence comparing the effects of Standard-B-Vitamins with Activated-B-Vitamins. This RCT compared the
effectiveness of Activated-B-Vitamins against Standard-B-Vitamins over three-weeks on stress, anxiety, fatigue and depression in students.
Interventions were supplied by Herbs-of-Gold and 133-tertiary-students were randomised to Standard-B-Complex \"Mega-B-Complex\" or Activated-B-
Complex \"Activated-B-Complex\". Primary outcome was stress according to Depression-Anxiety-Stress-Scale (DASS21). Secondary outcomes were anxiety,
depression and fatigue according to the DASS21 and Fatigue-Severity-Scale (FSS). Feasibility was evaluated through recruitment from Endeavour's
Sydney Campus, retention and acceptability. Participants were randomised to one of two parallel groups. There were no differences between groups at
baseline for student demographics, course/year-of-study, dietetics or mean scores for stress, anxiety, fatigue and depression. At three-weeks, a
significant difference between groups was found for the primary outcome of stress (p = 0.005) favouring Standard-B-Vitamin. The mean score of the
Standard-B-Group was 11.6 +/- 6.7 compared to 15.3 +/- 7.9 in the Activated-B-Group. No difference between groups was found for anxiety, fatigue or
depression. However, both groups reported improvement over time with a higher proportion of participants moving into the 'normal' category for
anxiety and depression. There were four adverse reactions, however no serious or unresolved adverse effects. This trial provides evidence for the
superior effectiveness of Standard-B-Vitamins compared to Activated-B-Vitamins for reducing stress in students. Copyright © 2019
Advances in Integrative Medicine, 6 (Supplement
1) : S121
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Vitamins and supplements
Brown, J. S., Blackshaw, E., Stahl, D., Fennelly, L., McKeague,
L., Sclare, I., Michelson, Daniel
Introduction: Schools may provide a convenient intervention setting for young people with mental health problems generally, as
well as for those who are unwilling or unable to access traditional clinic-based mental health services. However, few studies focus on older
adolescents, or those from ethnic minority groups. This study aims to assess the feasibility of a brief school-based psychological intervention for
self-referred adolescents aged 16-19 years. Methods: A two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in 10 inner-city schools with block
randomisation of schools. The intervention comprised a one-day CBT Stress management programme with telephone follow-up (DISCOVER) delivered by 3
psychology (2 clinical and 1 assistant) staff. The control was a waitlist condition. Primary outcomes were depression (Mood and Feelings
Questionnaire; MFQ) and anxiety (Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale; RCADS-anxiety subscale). Data were analysed descriptively and
quantitatively to assess feasibility. Results: 155 students were enrolled and 142 (91.6%) followed up after 3 months. Participants were predominantly
female (81%) and the mean age was 17.3 years, with equal numbers enrolled from Year 12 and Year 13. Over half (55%) of students were from ethnic
minority groups. Intraclass correlations were low. Variance estimates were calculated to estimate the sample size for a full RCT. Preliminary
outcomes were encouraging, with reductions in depression (d = 0.27 CI-0.49 to -0.04, p = 0.021) and anxiety (d = 0.25, CI-0.46 to -0.04, p = 0.018)
at follow-up. Conclusions: Results support the feasibility of a school-based, self-referral intervention with older adolescents in a definitive
future full-scale trial (Trial no. ISRCTN88636606). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Adolescence, 71 : 150-
161
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions
Rodriguez-Ayllon, M., Cadenas-Sanchez, C., Estevez-Lopez, F., Munoz, N. E., Mora-Gonzalez, J., Migueles, J. H., Molina-Garcia, P., Henriksson, H., Mena-Molina, A., Martinez-Vizcaino, V., Catena, A., Lof, M., Erickson, K. I., Lubans, D. R., Ortega, F. B., Esteban-Cornejo,
I.
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that participation in physical activity may support young people's current
and future mental health. Although previous reviews have examined the relationship between physical activity and a range of mental health outcomes in
children and adolescents, due to the large increase in published studies there is a need for an update and quantitative synthesis of effects.
OBJECTIVE(S): The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of physical activity interventions on mental health outcomes by conducting a
systematic review and meta-analysis, and to systematically synthesize the observational evidence (both longitudinal and cross-sectional studies)
regarding the associations between physical activity and sedentary behavior and mental health in preschoolers (2-5 years of age), children (6-11
years of age) and adolescents (12-18 years of age). METHOD(S): A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases was
performed from January 2013 to April 2018, by two independent researchers. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the effect of physical activity on
mental health outcomes in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs (i.e. quasi-experimental studies). A narrative synthesis of observational
studies was conducted. Studies were included if they included physical activity or sedentary behavior data and at least one psychological ill-being
(i.e. depression, anxiety, stress or negative affect) or psychological well-being (i.e. self-esteem, self-concept, self-efficacy, self-image,
positive affect, optimism, happiness and satisfaction with life) outcome in preschoolers, children or adolescents. RESULT(S): A total of 114 original
articles met all the eligibility criteria and were included in the review (4 RCTs, 14 non-RCTs, 28 prospective longitudinal studies and 68 cross-
sectional studies). Of the 18 intervention studies, 12 (3 RCTs and 9 non-RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis. There was a small but significant
overall effect of physical activity on mental health in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years (effect size 0.173, 95% confidence interval 0.106-
0.239, p<0.001, percentage of total variability attributed to between-study heterogeneity [I2]=11.3%). When the analyses were performed separately
for children and adolescents, the results were significant for adolescents but not for children. Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies
demonstrated significant associations between physical activity and lower levels of psychological ill-being (i.e. depression, stress, negative
affect, and total psychological distress) and greater psychological well-being (i.e. self-image, satisfaction with life and happiness, and
psychological well-being). Furthermore, significant associations were found between greater amounts of sedentary behavior and both increased
psychological ill-being (i.e. depression) and lower psychological well-being (i.e. satisfaction with life and happiness) in children and adolescents.
Evidence on preschoolers was nearly non-existent. CONCLUSION(S): Findings from the meta-analysis suggest that physical activity interventions can
improve adolescents' mental health, but additional studies are needed to confirm the effects of physical activity on children's mental health.
Findings from observational studies suggest that promoting physical activity and decreasing sedentary behavior might protect mental health in
children and adolescents. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42017060373.
Sports
medicine, :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise
Dunning, D. L., Griffiths, K., Kuyken, W., Crane, C., Foulkes,
L., Parker, J., Dalgleish, T.
BACKGROUND: Mindfulness based interventions (MBIs) are an increasingly popular way of attempting to improve the behavioural, cognitive
and mental health outcomes of children and adolescents, though there is a suggestion that enthusiasm has moved ahead of the evidence base. Most
evaluations of MBIs are either uncontrolled or nonrandomized trials. This meta-analysis aims to establish the efficacy of MBIs for children and
adolescents in studies that have adopted a randomized, controlled trial (RCT) design. METHOD(S): A systematic literature search of RCTs of MBIs was
conducted up to October 2017. Thirty-three independent studies including 3,666 children and adolescents were included in random effects meta-analyses
with outcome measures categorized into cognitive, behavioural and emotional factors. Separate random effects meta-analyses were completed for the
seventeen studies (n = 1,762) that used an RCT design with an active control condition. RESULT(S): Across all RCTs we found significant positive
effects of MBIs, relative to controls, for the outcome categories of Mindfulness, Executive Functioning, Attention, Depression, Anxiety/Stress and
Negative Behaviours, with small effect sizes (Cohen's d), ranging from .16 to .30. However, when considering only those RCTs with active control
groups, significant benefits of an MBI were restricted to the outcomes of Mindfulness (d = .42), Depression (d = .47) and Anxiety/Stress (d = .18)
only. CONCLUSION(S): This meta-analysis reinforces the efficacy of using MBIs for improving the mental health and wellbeing of youth as assessed
using the gold standard RCT methodology. Future RCT evaluations should incorporate scaled-up definitive trial designs to further evaluate the
robustness of MBIs in youth, with an embedded focus on mechanisms of action. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied
disciplines, 60(3) : 244-258
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Albanese, B. J., Bauer, B. W., Raudales, A. M., Capron, D.
W., Schmidt, N. B.
Background: Anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns (ASCC), or fear of cognitive dyscontrol sensations, confers risk for anxiety and mood
psychopathology. Recent work demonstrated that novel perceptual challenges generated by a head mounted display can elicit fear among those with
elevated ASCC. This suggests that interoceptive exposure to perceptual challenges may offer a means to mitigate ASCC. This study was designed to
evaluate whether repeated exposure to novel perceptual challenges can reduce ASCC, and if these effects are stronger among those experiencing greater
negative emotionality as a proxy for individuals likely to present for treatment. Method(s): Participants with elevated ASCC (N = 57) were randomized
to one of three experimental conditions utilizing a head-mounted display. In the rotations condition (n = 20), participants viewed themselves
spinning in a circle. In the opposite directions condition (n = 20), participants turned their head while the camera moved in the opposite direction
creating dissonance in their visual field. In the control condition (n = 17), participants completed a series of simple arithmetic problems. Result
(s): Participants in the rotation condition, relative to control, reported significant reductions in ASCC from pre- to post-exposure and these
effects were strongest for those with elevated negative affect. The main effect of the opposite directions exposure on post-treatment ASCC was non-
significant, but follow-up analyses revealed that reductions in ASCC were observed among those with elevated negative affectivity. Discussion(s):
Perceptual illusion challenges appear to have utility for reducing ASCC through repeated exposure. There was evidence for the perceptual illusion
exercises, particularly the rotations condition, specifically reducing ASCC, making this challenge the first we are aware of that specifically
targets ASCC-related concerns. Limitation(s): As a proof-of-concept study, the present sample was not recruited for clinically-significant
psychopathology, and only a brief follow-up was utilized. Future research should utilize a longer follow-up and test if these exposures mitigate
ASCC-relevant psychopathology among clinical samples. Copyright © 2019
Behavior
Therapy., 56 : 1173-1184
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions