Disorders - Anxiety Disorders
Song, J., Liu, Z. Z., Huang, J., Wu, J.
S., Tao, J.
Background:Non-pharmacological intervention methods such as rehabilitation training or psychological treatment are mostly used in the
treatment of depression owing to the limitation of adverse reactions such as drug treatment. However, the best non-pharmacological treatment strategy
for depression in college students is unclear. Therefore, it is significant to discover non-drug intervention methods that can improve the depression
symptoms of college students. Method(s):Electronic databases as of Sep 15, 2019, were searched, and reference lists and pharmaceutical dossiers were
reviewed to detect published and unpublished studies from the date of their inception to Sep 15, 2019. With document quality evaluations and data
extraction, Meta-Analysis was performed using a random effect model to evaluate the intervention effect of the aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese
exercises, and meditation. Result(s):A total of 44 original studies were included. The random effect model was used to combine the effect values with
Standard Mean Difference (SMD), and the results were: aerobic exercise [SMD = -0.53, 95% CI (-0.77, -0.30), I2 = 80%, P < .001],
traditional Chinese exercises [SMD = -0.42, 95% CI (-0.74, -0.10), I2 = 90%, P = .01], meditation [SMD = -0.51, 95% CI (-0.90, -0.12),
I2 = 79%, P = .01]. There was greater heterogeneity among the included studies: aerobic exercise (I2 = 80%, P < .001),
traditional Chinese medicine methods (I2 = 90%, P < .001), and meditation (I2 = 79%, P < .001). Conclusion(s):This study
revealed that the depression symptoms of college students can be effectively improved by aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese exercises, and
meditation. Aerobic exercise would have a better effect on anxiety and stress while traditional Chinese exercise would have a better effect on
stress. Further research (such as high-quality randomized controlled trials and long-term follow-up) is required to evaluate the effects of aerobic
exercise, traditional Chinese exercise, and meditation on the depressive symptoms of college students to further apply complementary and alternative
therapies.Ethics and dissemination:The results of the effects of aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese exercises, and meditation on depressive
symptoms for a college student will be reported in a peer-reviewed publication. Hopefully, our findings from this meta-analysis can provide the most
up-to-date evidence for the contribution to preventing the occurrence of depressive symptoms in college students. Copyright © 2021 Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
Medicine (United
States), 100(1) : E23819
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Meditation, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong), Physical activity, exercise
Simonsson, O., Bazin, O., Fisher, S. D., Goldberg, S. B.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse mental health effects for many groups in British society, especially
young adults and university students. The present study reports secondary outcomes (i.e., symptoms of anxiety and depression) from a randomized
waitlist controlled trial, with a one-month post-intervention follow-up, on the effects of a guided, eight-week mindfulness program delivered online
during the COVID-19 pandemic among students at the University of Oxford. Longitudinal multilevel models showed greater reductions in anxiety but not
depression symptoms for participants in the mindfulness condition relative to participants in the waitlist control condition (time X group B=-0.36,
p=.025). Copyright © 2021
Psychiatry Research, 305 (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
She, X., Tong, L., Wang, H., Lan, L., Wang, M., Abbey, C., Singh,
M., Rozelle, S.
Background: Mental
health and substance use disorders are the leading cause of disability in youth worldwide and ninety percent of affected youth lives in developing
countries, where contextually appropriate evidence and resources are severely lacking. Mindfulness-based interventions have shown to reduce anxiety
and depression in adults and emerging literature suggests promise in its benefit in youth cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. Rural-to-urban migrant
children in China are at high risk for mental health problems yet have scarce resources. We piloted an evidence-based Mindfulness-based mental health
prevention program in this population using trained community volunteers to assess its potential impact. Method(s): A total of 653 students ages 9-14
from 5 migrant schools in Shanghai were enrolled. We used a randomized controlled design to assign them to the Mindfulness intervention group (N=285)
vs. a waitlist control group (N=368). The intervention arm received 8 weeks of weekly one-hour groupbased Mindfulness training delivered by a trained
community volunteer. We collected socio-demographic data as well as validated surveys on mental health measurements including the Mindfulness(MAAS),
youth resilience (SDQ), Anxiety (MASC) and Depression (CESD-R) symptoms at baseline and at the end of the 8-week intervention. Multi-variable
regression analyses were used to compare the intervention vs. control group on the mental health measures before and after intervention, controlling
for socio-demographic factors. Result(s): At baseline, there was no significant differences between the control group and the intervention arms.
After 8 weeks of intervention, no significant differences were found between the intervention vs. control arms in Mindfulness scores (63.6 +/- 1.15
vs. 63.7 +/- 0.83, p > 0.05), resilience scores (12.4 +/- 0.57 vs. 11.5 +/- 0.33, p > 0.05), anxiety scores (41.5 +/- 1.99 vs. 40.8 +/- 1.23, p >
0.05) or depression scores (11.1 +/- 1.20 vs. 10.6 +/- 0.74, p > 0.05). Three-month follow up data and qualitative data are being finalized for
understanding these preliminary post-intervention results. Conclusion(s): A community volunteer-led, 8-week Mindfulness prevention program adapted
from existing literature in highincome countries did not significantly impact migrant Chinese student Mindfulness, resilience, anxiety, or depression
levels. More research is needed for developing effective mental health preventive programs specific to resource-limited settings.
Pediatrics. Conference: National
Conference and Exhibition Meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics, AAP, 149(no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Shanok, N. A., Meltzer, K., Frank, C., Lugo,
V., Jones, N. A.
The study examined the relationship between anxiety, inhibitory
control (IC), and resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in a critical age-range for social and emotional development (8-12-year-olds). The
participants were assigned to 4 weeks of either an emotional IC training program, a neutral IC training program, or a waitlisted control, and were
tested using cognitive, emotional, and EEG measures. The training was computerized and completed remotely. At baseline, IC accuracy scores were
negatively related to both anxiety and depression levels (N=42). Additionally, increased right lateral frontal alpha asymmetry was predictive of
increased anxiety/depression scores. A series of multivariate analyses of covariance and post-hoc tests were conducted to compare effects in the
participants that completed the full 16 sessions of training (N=32). Overall the emotional and neutral training conditions showed similar
improvements in IC accuracy, as well as reductions in anxiety compared to the waitlist condition. Minimal neurophysiological changes occurred from
pre-to-post; however, lateral frontal asymmetry shifted leftward in the emotional training group. These findings highlight the potential of
computerized IC training for mitigating negative emotional functioning in preadolescents. Future research is necessary to determine the long-term
effects of IC training and whether longer training intervals facilitate persisting impacts.
Applied
neuropsychology, Child. : 1-16
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Sekhar, P., Tee, Q. X., Ashraf, G., Trinh, D., Shachar, J., Jiang, A., Hewitt, J., Green, S., Turner, T.
Background: Mindfulness interventions are increasingly popular as an approach to improve mental well-being. To date, no Cochrane Review
examines the effectiveness of mindfulness in medical students and junior doctors. Thus, questions remain regarding the efficacy of mindfulness
interventions as a preventative mechanism in this population, which is at high risk for poor mental health. Objective(s): To assess the effects of
psychological interventions with a primary focus on mindfulness on the mental well-being and academic performance of medical students and junior
doctors. Search Method(s): We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase and five other databases (to
October 2021) and conducted grey literature searches. Selection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials of mindfulness that involved
medical students of any year level and junior doctors in postgraduate years one, two or three. We included any psychological intervention with a
primary focus on teaching the fundamentals of mindfulness as a preventative intervention. Our primary outcomes were anxiety and depression, and our
secondary outcomes included stress, burnout, academic performance, suicidal ideation and quality of life. Data Collection and Analysis: We used
standard methods as recommended by Cochrane, including Cochrane's risk of bias 2 tool (RoB2). Main Result(s): We included 10 studies involving 731
participants in quantitative analysis. Compared with waiting-list control or no intervention, mindfulness interventions did not result in a
substantial difference immediately post-intervention for anxiety (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.09, 95% CI -0.33 to 0.52; P = 0.67,
I2= 57%; 4 studies, 255 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Converting the SMD back to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale
21-item self-report questionnaire (DASS-21) showed an estimated effect size which is unlikely to be clinically important. Similarly, there was no
substantial difference immediately post-intervention for depression (SMD 0.06, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.31; P = 0.62, I2 = 0%; 4 studies, 250
participants; low-certainty evidence). Converting the SMD back to DASS-21 showed an estimated effect size which is unlikely to be clinically
important. No studies reported longer-term assessment of the impact of mindfulness interventions on these outcomes. For the secondary outcomes, the
meta-analysis showed a small, substantial difference immediately post-intervention for stress, favouring the mindfulness intervention (SMD -0.36, 95%
CI -0.60 to -0.13; P < 0.05, I2= 33%; 8 studies, 474 participants; low-certainty evidence); however, this difference is unlikely to be
clinically important. The meta-analysis found no substantial difference immediately post-intervention for burnout (SMD -0.42, 95% CI -0.84 to 0.00; P
= 0.05, I2 = 0%; 3 studies, 91 participants; very low-certainty evidence). The meta-analysis found a small, substantial difference immediately post-
intervention for academic performance (SMD -0.60, 95% CI -1.05 to -0.14; P < 0.05, I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 79 participants; very low-certainty evidence);
however, this difference is unlikely to be clinically important. Lastly, there was no substantial difference immediately post-intervention for
quality of life (mean difference (MD) 0.02, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.32; 1 study, 167 participants; low-certainty evidence). There were no data available
for three pre-specified outcomes of this review: deliberate self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviour. We assessed the certainty of
evidence to range from low to very low across all outcomes. Across most outcomes, we most frequently judged the risk of bias as having 'some
concerns'. There were no studies with a low risk of bias across all domains. Authors' conclusions: The effectiveness of mindfulness in our target
population remains unconfirmed. There have been relatively few studies of mindfulness interventions for junior doctors and medical students. The
available studies are small, and we have some concerns about their risk of bias. Thus, there is not much evidence on which to draw conclusions on
effects of mindfulness interventions in this population. There was no evidence to determine the effects of mindfulness in the long term. Copyright ©
2021 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021(12) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Schiele, M. A., Vietz, M., Gajewska, A., Unterecker, S., Gottschalk,
M. G., Deckert, J., Neufang, S., Schmidt, N. B., Domschke, K.
Given the high prevalence and considerable clinical and societal burden of anxiety disorders, preventive measures are urgently warranted
to reduce their incidence and overall healthcare impact. Anxiety sensitivity (AS) - a key element in learning theories of anxiety disorders in the
context of interoceptive conditioning - constitutes a malleable risk factor of particularly panic disorder and separation anxiety, which share
developmental, nosological, epidemiological and pathomechanistic characteristics. The computer-assisted 'Cognitive Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment'
(CAST) targeting interoceptive anxiety symptoms (cf. Schmidt et al., 2014) was translated, intensified and culturally adapted to German and evaluated
in a sample of 105 healthy adult volunteers with elevated AS (mean ASI-3: 29.5) applying a randomized design. Success of the intervention was
measured as a function of AS and separation anxiety (ASA-27) ~6 weeks (T1) and ~6 months (T2) after the intervention. As compared to waitlist, CAST
resulted in a significant reduction of AS at both T1 and T2. Separation anxiety was not directly reduced by the intervention, but decreased mediated
by a decline in AS. A composite interoceptive score capturing changes in sensitivity to respiratory symptoms during the baseline therapist-
accompanied CAST session was shown to be predictive of overall response at T1. In sum, CAST-German Version was successfully established as an
effective intervention reducing AS, while at the same time indirectly decreasing separation anxiety. A composite interoceptive score predicting
treatment response might aid in further delineating risk markers informing targeted preventive interventions for anxiety disorders.
, 53 : 104-113
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Sasidharan, A., Marigowda,
V., Vijay,
M., Sharma, S., Mukundan, C. S., Pandit, L., Masthi, N. R. R.
Studies have reported the benefits
of music-listening in stress-reduction using musical pieces of specific scale or 'Raaga'. But the influence of lower-level musical properties (like
tempo, octave, timbre, etc.) lack research backing. Carnatic music concerts use incremental modulations in tempo and octave (e.g.: 'Ragam-Tanam-
Pallavi') to elevate the mood of audiences. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the anxiolytic effect of this musical property. A
randomised controlled cross-over study with 21 male undergraduate medical students was followed. 11 participants listened to 'Varying music' (VM:
instrumental music with incremental variations in tempo and octave) and 10 listened to 'Stable music' (SM: instrumental music without such
variations), thrice daily for 6 days, both clips recorded in Raaga-Kaapi and silence being the control intervention. Electroencephalography (EEG) and
Electrocardiography (for heart rate variability or HRV) were done on all 6 days. Beck's Anxiety inventory and State-trait anxiety scale were
administered on Day-1 and Day-6. A significant anxiety score reduction was seen only in VM. VM showed marked decrease in lower frequency EEG power in
bilateral temporo-parieto-occipital regions compared to silence, whereas SM showed increase in higher frequencies. Relatively, VM showed more midline
power reduction (i.e., lower default mode network or DMN activity) and SM showed greater left-dominant alpha/beta asymmetry (i.e., greater right
brain activation). During both music interventions HRV remained stable, unlike silence intervention. We speculate that, gradual transition between
lower-slower and higher-faster music portions of VM induces a 'controlled-mind wandering' state involving balanced switching between heightened
mind wandering ('attention to self') and reduced mind wandering ('attention to music') states, respectively. Therefore, music-selection has
remarkable influence on stress-management and warrants further research. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Explore, 17(2) : 115-121
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
Salleh, R. M., Kuan, G., Aziz, M. N. A., Rahim, M. R. A., Rahayu, T., Sulaiman, S., Kusuma, D. W. Y., Adikari, A. M. G. C.
P., Razam, M. S. M., Radhakrishnan, A. K., Appukutty, M.
Background: Reports of probiotic consumption on athletes' performance are debatable due to their equivocal results.
There is a need for more evidence on the effects of probiotic intake on psychological state and fitness level. Thus, this study determined the
effects of daily probiotic consumption on competitive anxiety, perceived stress and mood among university badminton players, besides their fitness
like aerobic capacity, strength, speed, leg power and agility. Method(s): Thirty university badminton players aged from 19 to 22 years old were
randomly divided equally into two groups, where the probiotic group (PG; n = 15) received a drink that contained Lactobacillus casei Shirota (3 x
1010 CFU) and placebo group (CG; n = 15) a placebo drink for six weeks. Anxiety, stress and mood levels were determined using the CSAI-2R,
PSS and BRUMS questionnaires, respectively. Fitness levels were measured using by subjecting the players to 20-m shuttle runs (aerobic capacity),
handgrips (muscular strength), vertical jumps (leg power), 40-m dash (speed) and T-test (agility). The Student's t-test (p < 0.05) was used to
determine the differences between PG and CG players. Result(s): After six weeks, the anxiety and stress levels of PG players significantly decreased
by 16% (p < 0.001) and 20% (p < 0.001), respectively, but there were no significant changes detected in CG players. Supplementation of probiotics
also improved aerobic capacity in PG players by 5.9% (p < 0.001) but did not influence the speed, strength, leg power and agility. Conclusion(s):
Probiotics supplementation showed improved aerobic capacity and relieve anxiety and stress. However, further studies need to be carried out to
determine the mechanisms through which probiotic intake produces these effects. Copyright © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel,
Switzerland.
Nutrients, 13(6) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Vitamins and supplements
Salehian, M. H., Yadolazadeh, A., Ranjbari,
S.
Background: According to experts, Stress and anxiety can
weaken the immune system and make people vulnerable to diseases such as corona virus. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of
Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach and Tai chi Exercises on Anxiety due to Corona Disease in students. Material(s) and Method(s): A
Semi-experimental design was conducted (pre-test and post-test) with two experimental and one control groups. 45 female students of the Islamic Azad
University of Tabriz who had higher scores on the Corona virus Anxiety Scale (CDAS8) were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into
two experimental groups (15 people in each group) and one control group (15 people). For the first group, Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual
Approach training (10 sessions; Week 2 sessions, one and a half hours) and for the second group, Tai chi Exercises (10 sessions; Week 2 sessions, 30
to 40 minutes) was applied and the control group did not receive any training. Prior and after the training, the subjects completed Corona virus
Anxiety Scale Alipour et al. (2020). Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Finding(s): The results showed that the mean scores of
Corona Disease Anxiety and its components (psychological and physical symptoms) reduced significantly in the Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-
Spiritual Approach training group comparison to Tai chi exercises group and in the Tai chi Exercises group comparison to the control group in the
post-test (P < 0.05). The difference between the three groups in the total score of students' Corona Disease Anxiety and its components (physical
and psychological symptoms) are effect amount with 0.74, 0.70 and 0.62, respectively. Conclusion(s): The results showed that Hope Therapy Based on
Cognitive-Spiritual Approach is more effective in reducing corona disease anxiety in female students than Tai chi exercises. Copyright © 2021 Lahore
Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 15(3) : 938-
947
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
Saito, R., Sawamura, D., Yoshida,
K., Sakai, S.
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported that the
proficiency level of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVBF) contributes significantly to the anxiety-reducing effects in continuous HRVBF
interventions. Meanwhile, anxiety-reducing effects have been confirmed in one-time HRVBF interventions as well as continuous HRVBF; however, no study
has analyzed the relationship between the proficiency level of a one-time HRVBF and its anxiety-reducing effects. To pursuit the effectiveness of a
one-time HRVBF intervention, it is necessary to clarify whether the proficiency level is an important predictor of anxiety-reducing effects from a
dose-response relationship between these 2 variables. The purpose of this study was to examine the dose-response relationship between the proficiency
level and anxiety-reducing effects of a one-time HRVBF.\rMETHODS: This study was a single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial with stratification
based on trait anxiety of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-JYZ. In total, 45 healthy young males aged 20 to 30 years were allocated to the HRVBF or
control group with simple breathing at rest. The intervention was performed for 15 minute in each group. The state anxiety score of the State-Trait
Anxiety Inventory-JYZ was measured to evaluate the anxiety-reducing effect before and after training.\rRESULTS: The results showed no significant
linear relationship between the proficiency level and anxiety-reducing effect, and variations in the proficiency level were observed post-
intervention in the HRVBF group. A significant anxiety-reducing effect was only observed in the HRVBF group (P = .001, effect size r = 0.62).
\rCONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is no close relationship between the proficiency level and anxiety-reducing effect in one-time HRVBF
and that HRVBF is effective in reducing anxiety regardless of individual differences in the proficiency level. Therefore, a one-time HRVBF may be a
useful breathing technique for reducing state anxiety without specific education and breathing techniques.\rTRIAL REGISTRATION: University Hospital
Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000041760).
, 100(45) : e27742
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Biofeedback, neurofeedback, audio/video feedback
Saha, S., Okafor, H., Biediger-Friedman, L., Behnke, A.
Objective: To gather research evidence on the association between diet and depression and
anxiety among college students. Method(s): Systematic searches were performed in CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases to identify
potentially relevant articles published between January 2000 and September 2020. Data were extracted from 21 selected studies. Result(s): Most of the
cross-sectional studies found a positive association between diet and depression and anxiety; however, a few studies found inconsistent results.
Moreover, several interventional studies demonstrated that a healthy diet (including consumption of fruit and vegetables) improved depression in the
intervention group. Conclusion(s): The methodological limitations of cross-sectional studies to explain causality and the limited number of
prospective interventional studies point to a pressing need to conduct more prospective, longitudinal, and randomized controlled trials to generalize
the causal associations between diet and depression and anxiety. Further research is needed to investigate the biological mechanisms of nutrients'
actions on anxiety and depression.
Journal of American college health : J of ACH, : 1-
11
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Dietary advice, dietary change
Roemer, A., Sutton, A., Grimm, C., Medvedev, O. N.
While the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) with respect to distress has been widely
researched, unemployed individuals, who often suffer from high levels of distress, have largely been neglected in MBI research. The present study
aimed to investigate the effects of a low-dose MBI on distress in a sample of young unemployed adults. The sample included 239 young unemployed
adults enrolled for a 6-week long employability-related training camp. Participants were allocated into an intervention group that received weekly 1
-hour mindfulness training over 4 weeks, and a control group. Dispositional mindfulness, distress and well-being were assessed in the entire sample
prior to the start and upon completion of the mindfulness training. A mixed model ANCOVA showed that distress was inversely and significantly
predicted by baseline levels of mindfulness and well-being. After accounting for the baseline levels of mindfulness and well-being, a significant
effect of the mindfulness intervention was evident. This result shows that a low-dose MBI can decrease distress in a sample of young unemployed
adults and its effectiveness is positively associated with initial levels of dispositional mindfulness and well-being. Copyright © 2020 John Wiley &
Sons Ltd.
Stress
and Health, 37(2) : 320-328
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy