Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
Voloshyna, D., Walton, M. A., Zucker, R. A., Cunningham, R. M., Polshkova, S.
Despite WHO
data showing alarming rates of alcohol consumption and consequences among age 15+ in the Ukraine, evidenced-based, brief alcohol interventions are
currently lacking in this country. Of particular concern, are emerging adults, age 18-25, who may be at particularly high risk for alcohol problems,
potentially as a result of recent political and economic events. This study examined the feasibility and initial efficacy a brief intervention on
reducing risky drinking among emerging adults in the Ukraine. Youth presenting to two settings were screened for risky drinking: (i) Railway Clinical
Hospital; and, (ii) Kiev National Medical University. Emerging adults screening positive on the AUDIT-C for risky drinking (>4) were enrolled in the
study: 59 participants from the hospital setting (mean age = 22.6 (2.1), 54.2%male) and 61 participants from the university setting (mean age = 20.1
(2.3), 55.7%male). In each setting, participants were randomized to receive a brief intervention (consisted of a 45-min session with a clinician) or
to a control condition (included an informational brochure), with a follow-up assessment at 3 months. As compared to participants in the hospital
setting, participants from the university setting were significantly younger, and single (as opposed to married), with fewer children. Regression
analyses were conducted, separately for each setting, predicting alcohol outcomes (consumption and consequences); models controlled for baseline
alcohol levels and condition assignment (brief intervention or control). In both settings, the brief intervention group showed significantly less
alcohol consumption and consequences at 3-months as compared to the control group (p's < 0.001). However, when examining other drug use (DAST-10
score), the brief intervention groups were not significantly different from the control groups. Findings suggest that brief motivational
interventions are promising for reducing risky drinking among emerging adults in the Ukraine in both inpatient hospital and university settings.
Additional research is needed to extend these effects to reduce other drug use among Ukrainian youth.
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 40 : 71A
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Wang, L. J., Lu, S. F., Chong, M.
Y., Chou, W. J., Hsieh, Y. L., Tsai, T. N., Chen, C., Lee, Y. H.
Objective: The abuse of illegal
substances by youths in Taiwan has become a major public health issue. This study explores the outcomes (relapse rate and academic or social status)
of a family-oriented therapy program conducted for substance-using youths who were referred by a judge to participate in it. Methods: The present
study includes 121 participants categorized into three groups: 36 youths underwent a weekly ten-session outpatient motivational enhancement
psychotherapy (MEP) group program; 41 youths participated in a program that combined the aforementioned MEP program with an additional weekly ten-
session parenting skill training (PST) program for their guardians (MEP + PST group); and 44 adolescents who received standard supervision by the
court served as the control group. All participants were followed-up for a maximum of 2 years. Results: Of the 121 participants (mean age: 16.1+/-1.1
years), 33.1% relapsed into substance use during the follow-up period. The probability of relapse did not differ significantly between the MEP group
(36.1%) and the control group (40.9%), but the youths in the MEP + PST group (22.0%) were at a lower risk of relapse than the control group
participants (adjusted hazard ratio =0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.21-1.09). By the end of the study follow-up period, participants in both
the MEP group and the MEP + PST group were more likely to be attending school (MEP group: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] =6.61, 95% CI =1.60-27.35; MEP +
PST group: aOR =8.57, 95% CI =1.94-37.82) or employed (MEP group: aOR =7.75, 95% CI =1.95-30.75; MEP + PST group: aOR =7.27, 95% CI =1.76-29.97),
when compared to the control group. Conclusion: This study revealed that a family-oriented treatment approach may be a more effective option for
preventing youths' relapsing into substance abuse. In comparison to individuals who received standard supervision by the court, those who received
MEP experienced a better school attendance or social outcome over the follow-up period. Copyright © 2016 Du et al.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12 : 699-
706
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Other Psychological Interventions
Stockings, E., Hall, W. D., Lynskey, M., Morley, K. I., Reavley,
N., Strang, J., Patton, G., Degenhardt, L.
We did a
systematic review of reviews with evidence on the effectiveness of prevention, early intervention, harm reduction, and treatment of problem use in
young people for tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs (eg, cannabis, opioids, amphetamines, or cocaine). Taxation, public consumption bans,
advertising restrictions, and minimum legal age are effective measures to reduce alcohol and tobacco use, but are not available to target illicit
drugs. Interpretation of the available evidence for school-based prevention is affected by methodological issues; interventions that incorporate
skills training are more likely to be effective than information provision-which is ineffective. Social norms and brief interventions to reduce
substance use in young people do not have strong evidence of effectiveness. Roadside drug testing and interventions to reduce injection-related harms
have a moderate-to-large effect, but additional research with young people is needed. Scarce availability of research on interventions for
problematic substance use in young people indicates the need to test interventions that are effective with adults in young people. Existing evidence
is from high-income countries, with uncertain applicability in other countries and cultures and in subpopulations differing in sex, age, and risk
status. Concerted efforts are needed to increase the evidence base on interventions that aim to reduce the high burden of substance use in young
people. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.
The Lancet
Psychiatry, 3(3) : 280-296
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any)
Beach, S. R., Barton, A. W., Lei, M. K., Mandara, J., Wells, A. C., Kogan,
S. M., Brody, G. H.
African American couples (N = 139; 67.7 % married; with children between the ages of 9
and 14) were randomly assigned to (a) a culturally sensitive, couple- and parenting-focused program designed to prevent stress-spillover (n = 70) or
(b) an information-only control condition in which couples received self-help materials (n = 69). Eight months after baseline, youth whose parents
participated in the program, compared with control youth, reported increased parental monitoring, positive racial socialization, and positive self-
concept, as well as decreased conduct problems and self-reported substance use. Changes in youth-reported parenting behavior partially mediated the
effect of the intervention on conduct problems and fully mediated its impact on positive self-concept, but did not mediate effects on lifetime
substance use initiation.
Prevention
Science, 17(5) : 572-83
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy, Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions
Chilenski, S. M., Welsh, J. A., Perkins, D. F., Feinberg, M. E., Greenberg, M. T.
This
study examined how participation in a universal family skills-building program may interact with community risks and resources to produce youth
outcomes. Prior research has noted community-level variability in risk and protective factors, but thus far no study has examined the role that
participation on a community-wide intervention may play in moderating the effects of community risks or resources. The study included 14 communities
(seven in Iowa, seven in Pennsylvania) that implemented a family focused evidence-based program as part of the PROSPER project. Community level
variables included both risk factors (percent of low income families, the availability of alcohol and tobacco, norms regarding adolescent substance
use, incidence of drug-related crimes) and community resources (proactive school leadership, availability of youth-serving organizations, and student
involvement in youth activities). The proximal youth and family outcomes included youth perceptions of their parents' management skills, parent-
child activities, and family cohesion. Results indicated that the Strengthening Families Program:10-14 may have moderated the impact of the community
risks and resources on community-level youth outcomes; risk levels meaningfully associated with community-level change in program participants,
though these results varied somewhat by outcome. Generally, higher levels of resources also meaningfully associated with more positive change after
participating in the family-focused intervention. These results suggest that the effect of some evidence-based programs may be even stronger in some
communities than others; more research in this area is needed. Copyright © Society for Community Research and Action 2016.
American Journal
of Community Psychology, 57(1-2) : 8-19
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Sanchez, Z. M., Sanudo, A., Andreoni,
S., Schneider, D., Pereira, A. P., Faggiano, F.
BACKGROUND: Most Brazilian schools do not have a continuous program for drug use prevention and do not
conduct culturally adapted activities for that purpose. This study evaluated the impact of the Unplugged program on drug use prevention among
children and adolescents in public middle schools of Brazil.\rMETHODS: A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2013 with 2185 students in
16 public schools from 3 Brazilian cities. The intervention group attended 12 weekly classes of the Unplugged program for drug use prevention, and
the control group did not attend to any school prevention programs in the same year. Multilevel analyses were used to evaluate temporal and between
group changes in the consumption of each drug.\rRESULTS: The study suggested that there was no evidence that Unplugged effected 11- to 12-year-old
students. However, the program seemed to stimulate a decrease in recent marijuana use (transition from use to non-use in 85.7% of intervention cases
and 28.6% of control cases, OR = 17.5, p = 0.039) among 13- to 15-year-old students. In addition, students in this age range who received the
Unplugged program had similar drug consumption levels to those observed before the program began. However, students in the control group presented a
significant tendency to increase marijuana use and binge drinking.\rCONCLUSIONS: This study adds to the evidence of program efficacy among Brazilian
middle school students by presenting marginal effects on binge drinking and marijuana use. An 18-month randomized controlled trial is recommended for
a future study.
BMC Public
Health, 16(1) : 1206
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Marsiglia, F. F., Ayers, S. L., Baldwin-White, A., Booth, J.
While parent and youth substance use prevention interventions have shown beneficial effects on
preadolescents, many programs have typically targeted US born European American and African American families while overlooking the unique factors
that characterize recent immigrant Latino families. This article presents the results on youth substance use when adding a culturally grounded
parenting component, Familias Preparando la Nueva Generacion (FPNG), to the existing and already proven efficacious classroom-based drug abuse
prevention intervention, keepin'it REAL (kiR). Data come from youth (N=267) participating in the randomized control trial of the interventions who
were surveyed at baseline (beginning at 7th grade) and 18 months later (end of 8th grade). Using multivariate linear regression path analyses,
results indicate when FPNG and kiR are combined, youth had significantly lowered alcohol and cigarettes use at the end of 8th grade, mediated through
anti-drug norms, when compared with youth who only participated in kiR without parental participation in FPNG. These findings indicate that
adolescent normative beliefs and related behaviors can be changed through synchronized culturally grounded parent and youth interventions and
together can play an important role in reducing adolescent substance use.
Prevention Science, 17(1) : 1-
12
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Okamoto, S. K., Kulis, S., Helm, S., Lauricella, M., Valdez, J. K.
This
pilot study evaluated the Ho'ouna Pono curriculum, which is a culturally grounded, school-based, drug prevention curriculum tailored to rural Native
Hawaiian youth. The curriculum focuses on culturally relevant drug resistance skills training and is aligned with the State of Hawai'i academic
standards. Six Hawai'i Island public middle/intermediate schools randomly assigned to intervention or treatment-as-usual comparison conditions (N =
213) were evaluated in this study. Paired sample t-tests separating intervention and comparison groups were conducted, as well as mixed models that
adjusted for random effects (nesting) at the school level. Findings suggested that the curriculum was effective in maintaining youths' use of
culturally relevant drug resistance skills, as well as decreasing girls' aggressive behaviors, at six-month follow-up. Unanticipated findings also
suggested areas for curricular improvement, including more emphasis on normative drug education. Implications for future research and development of
the curriculum are discussed.
Journal of Health Care for the Poor & Underserved, 27(2) : 815-
33
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Perrino, T., Brincks, A., Howe, G., Brown, C. H., Prado, G., Pantin, H.
Familias Unidas is a family-focused preventive intervention that has been found to reduce drug use
and sexual risk behaviors among Hispanic adolescents. In some trials, Familias Unidas has also been found to be efficacious in reducing adolescent
internalizing symptoms (i.e., depressive and anxiety symptoms), even though the intervention did not specifically target internalizing symptoms. This
study examines potential mediators or mechanisms by which Familias Unidas influences internalizing symptoms, specifically the role of intervention-
targeted improvements in parent-adolescent communication and reductions in youth externalizing behaviors. A total of 213 Hispanic eighth grade
students with a history of externalizing behavior problems and their primary caregivers were recruited from the public school system.
Prevention Science, 17(5) : 595-
605
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Wolchik, S. A., Tein, J. Y. Sandler, I. N., Kim, H. J.
A developmental cascade model from functioning in adolescence to emerging
adulthood was tested using data from a 15-year longitudinal follow-up of 240 emerging adults whose families participated in a randomized,
experimental trial of a preventive program for divorced families. Families participated in the program or literature control condition when the
offspring were ages 9-12. Short-term follow-ups were conducted 3 months and 6 months following completion of the program when the offspring were in
late childhood/early adolescence. Long-term follow-ups were conducted 6 years and 15 years after program completion when the offspring were in middle
to late adolescence and emerging adulthood, respectively. It was hypothesized that the impact of the program on mental health and substance use
outcomes in emerging adulthood would be explained by developmental cascade effects of program effects in adolescence. The results provided support
for a cascade effects model. Specifically, academic competence in adolescence had cross-domain effects on internalizing problems and externalizing
problems in emerging adulthood. In addition, adaptive coping in adolescence was significantly, negatively related to binge drinking. It was
unexpected that internalizing symptoms in adolescence were significantly negatively related to marijuana use and alcohol use. Gender differences
occurred in the links between mental health problems and substance use in adolescence and mental health problems and substance use in emerging
adulthood.
Development & Psychopathology, 28(3) : 869-
88
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Self-help
Stewart,
D. G., Siebert, E. C., Arlt, V. K., Moise-Campbell, C., Lehinger, E.
We aimed to examine the impact of a school-based Motivational Interviewing (MI) intervention, Project READY, on reducing
adolescent substance use. We randomly assigned students (N = 244) to receive the intervention immediately (READY First) or to be in a waitlist
control group (WLC). Those in WLC received the intervention once those in READY First had completed the intervention. Our hypotheses were: (1)
adolescents in READY First would make greater initial reductions in their alcohol and marijuana use compared to adolescents assigned to WLC, (2)
adolescents in READY First would make greater initial reductions in their alcohol and marijuana-related consequences compared to adolescents assigned
to WLC, and (3) upon completing treatment, adolescents assigned to WLC would yield substance-related outcomes comparable to their peers in the READY
First group. We found that those in READY First made greater initial decreases in their marijuana use and substance-related consequences upon
completing treatment than participants in WLC, during the first phase of the study. Once both groups had completed the active intervention, those in
the WLC had comparable marijuana use to those in READY First. At enrollment, daily marijuana users were equally represented in both groups. Post-
treatment, significantly fewer participants reported daily marijuana use in the READY First group, prior to treatment initiation for WLC. Comparable
reductions were observed once WLC began treatment. Those in WLC were observed to make reductions in their alcohol use at the same rate as those in
READY First, prior to treatment initiation.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 71 : 23-29
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Spoth, R., Trudeau, L., Redmond, C., Shin, C.
OBJECTIVE: This brief
report summarizes a replication and extension of a developmental outcome modeling study, by examining whether delayed substance initiation during
adolescence, resulting from universal middle school preventive interventions, reduces problematic use in young adults Ages 25 and 27, up to 14.5
years after baseline.\rMETHOD: Participants were middle school students from 36 Iowa schools randomly assigned to the Strengthening Families Program
plus Life Skills Training (SFP 10-14 + LST), LST-only, or a control condition. Self-report questionnaires originally were collected at 11 time
points, through Age 22. A subsequent grant allowed for assessments at Ages 25 and 27, including measures of drunkenness, alcohol-related problems,
cigarette use, illicit drug use (lifetime and frequency), marijuana use and prescription drug misuse. These outcomes were modeled as variables
influenced by growth factors describing substance initiation during adolescence. Models included the effects of baseline risk, intervention condition
assignment, and their interaction; risk-related moderation effects were examined and relative reduction rates were calculated for dichotomous
variables.\rRESULTS: Model fits were good. Analyses showed significant or marginally significant indirect intervention effects on all outcomes,
through effects on adolescent substance initiation growth factors. Intervention x Risk interaction effects favored the higher risk subsample,
replicating earlier findings. Additional direct effects on young adult use were observed only for cigarette frequency. Relative reduction rates were
larger for the higher risk subsamples, ranging from 3.9% to 36.2%.\rCONCLUSIONS: Universal preventive interventions implemented during early
adolescence have the potential to decrease the rates of substance misuse and associated problems into young adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record
Journal of Consulting & Clinical
Psychology, 84(10) : 913-21
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions