Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
Friedman, Alfred S., Utada,
Arlene T.
An early intervention program was conducted in
which clients were assigned to 1 of 2 intervention plans: (1) an adaptation of the Botvin life skills training (LST) model and (2) a program
combining an anti-violence (AV) model and a values clarification (VC) model. 84 student participants identified as substance users participated in
the demonstration and in evaluation procedures to determine program effectiveness. 62 Ss completed the program and were evaluated at
postintervention. Intervention effects were determined for the total sample in addition to between-group comparative analyses. Several improvements
in behavior and attitudes were significant for the entire sample. Individually, the combined AV-VC intervention fared better than the LST program,
accounting for all significant results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Journal of Community Psychology, : 106-
117
- Year: 1992
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Tobler, N. S.
This paper reports findings of a subset of 91 programs, which included drug use measures, from the data base previously
reported in the author's meta-analysis of 143 adolescent drug prevention programs. Treatment components of strategies successful in decreasing drug
use by adolescents are discussed with regard to both the developmental stages of adolescents and the current etiology of drug abuse. Meta-analysis is
briefly discussed. The focus is on issues rather than the actual research. Questions for future programming address theoretical assumptions and
practical issues. Is attitude change a prerequisite for decreased drug use? This meta-analysis questions the validity of using knowledge and attitude
measures as the only outcome measures. Successful program strategies require innovative planning and close attention to implementation factors.
Answers to implementation questions require continued quality research. Implications for future planning may lie in the public policy arena.
Journal of Addictive Diseases, 11(3) : 1-
28
- Year: 1992
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Ringwalt, C., Ennett, S. T., Holt, K. D.
This paper presents the results of an
evaluation of the effects of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) Project, a school-based drug use prevention program, in a sample of fifth and
sixth graders in North Carolina. DARE is distinguished by its use of specially trained, uniformed police officers to deliver 17 weekly lessons in the
classroom. The evaluation used an experimental design employing random assignment of 20 schools to either a DARE or no-DARE condition, pre- and
post-testing of both groups, attrition assessment, adjustments for school effects, and control for non-equivalency between comparison groups. DARE
demonstrated no effect on adolescents' use of alcohol, cigarettes or inhalants, or on their future intentions to use these substances. However, DARE
did make a positive impact on adolescents' awareness of the costs of using alcohol and cigarettes, perceptions of the media's portrayal of these
substances, general and specific attitudes towards drugs, perceived peer attitudes toward drug use, and assertiveness.
Health Education Research, 6(3) : 327-337
- Year: 1991
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Skills training
Werch, C. E., Young, M., Clark, M., Garrett, C., Hooks, S., Kersten, C.
Five hundred and eleven fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students and their parents from
six schools in northwest Arkansas participated in this study. Students were blocked on school and grade level, then assigned randomly by class to
either the intervention Keep A Clear Mind (KACM) program or a waiting list control. KACM students received four weekly correspondence lessons
designed to be completed at home with a parent. KACM students reported significantly less perceived peer use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana, as
well as significantly less peer pressure susceptibility to experiment with cigarettes. Mothers in the KACM program reported significantly more recent
and frequent communication with their children about refusing drugs, and significantly greater discussions with their children regarding how to
resist peer pressure to use alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Intervention program fathers reported significantly more communication with their
children concerning how to resist peer pressure to drink alcohol and use tobacco, and significantly greater motivation to help their children avoid
drug use. No significant differences were found between groups on student intentions to use drugs. These data suggest a print medium that emphasizes
parent-child activities holds promise for accessing families and enhancing drug prevention communication.
Journal of School Health, 61(8) : 346-
50
- Year: 1991
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training
Henggeler, Scott W., Borduin, Charles M., Melton, Gary B., Mann, Barton J., et-al
Reports on reductions in substance use and abuse, from 2 independent evaluations of the
efficacy of multisystemic therapy (MST) in treating the antisocial behavior of serious juvenile offenders. In the Missouri delinquency project, 200
juvenile offenders (mean age 14.4 yrs) were assigned randomly either to MST or individual counseling conditions. Analyses of arrest data, which were
collected for an average of 4 yrs posttreatment indicated that Ss who participated in MST had a significantly lower rate of substance-related arrests
than did Ss who participated in individual counseling. In the Family and Neighborhood Services project, conducted in South Carolina, 47 serious
juvenile offenders (mean age 15.1 yrs) were assigned randomly either to MST or usual juvenile justice services. Ss in the MST condition reported a
significant reduction in soft drug use relative to Ss who received usual services. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Family Dynamics of Addiction Quarterly, 1(3) : 40-51
- Year: 1991
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Multisystemic
therapy
Johnson, C., Pentz, Mary Ann, Weber, Mark D., Dwyer, James H., Baer, Neal, MacKinnon, David P., Hansen, William B., et-al
This article reviews major risk
factors for cigarette smoking, alcohol, and other drug abuse and promising community-based approaches to primary prevention. In a longitudinal
experimental study, 8 representative Kansas City communities were assigned randomly to program (school, parent, mass media, and community
organization) and control (mass media and community organization only) conditions. Programs were delivered at either 6th or 7th grade, and panels
were followed through Grade 9 or 10. The primary findings were (a) significant reductions at 3 years in tobacco and marijuana use and (b) equivalent
reductions for youth at different levels of risk. This study provides evidence that a comprehensive community program-based approach can prevent the
onset of substance abuse and that the benefits are experienced equally by youth at high and low risk. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all
rights reserved).
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 58(4) : 447-456
- Year: 1990
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Skills training
Jones, R. T., McDonald, D. W., Fiore, M. F., Arrington, T., Randall,
J.
The effectiveness of a short-term prevention program to increase drug refusal behavior in a school-age population was
assessed. Forty-two third-grade children were randomly assigned to one of three groups: rehearsal-plus, traditional, or attention control. Children
in the rehearsal-plus group were taught specific drug refusal techniques and appropriate social skills, and were provided a rationale for each
response. This procedure included behavioral training and elaborative rehearsal. Training occurred in four socially validated situations
corresponding to settings where children were likely to be offered drugs. The traditional procedure consisted of instructions derived from a \"Just
Say No\" drug program. Assessment focused on specific refusal behaviors, procedural knowledge, and self-efficacy. Significant gains in desired
functioning and appropriate behavioral and social skills were found. The effectiveness of the rehearsal-plus procedure as a method of increasing
adaptive responding in dangerous and/or anxiety-arousing situations is discussed.
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 15(2) : 211-23
- Year: 1990
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training
Botvin, G. J., Baker, E., Dusenbury, L., Tortu, S., Botvin, E. M.
Students (N = 4,466) attending 56 schools in
New York State were involved in a 3-year study testing the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral approach to substance abuse prevention. In a
randomized block design, schools were assigned to receive (a) the prevention program with formal provider training and implementation feedback, (b)
the prevention program with videotaped provider training and no feedback, or (c) no treatment. After pretest equivalence and comparability of
conditions with respect to attrition were established, students who received at least 60% of the prevention program (N = 3,684) were included in
analyses of program effectiveness. Significant prevention effects were found for cigarette smoking, marijuana use, and immoderate alcohol use.
Prevention effects were also found for normative expectations and knowledge concerning substance use, interpersonal skills, and communication
skills.
Journal
of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 58(4) : 437-46
- Year: 1990
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training
Bruvold, W. H.
Prominent nonquantitative reviews of research evaluating school-based interventions designed to deter adolescents from the use of
tobacco, alcohol and other drugs found the methodology to be flawed and thus little evidence existed that the interventions had the desired impact.
Recent meta-analytic reviews indicate that information-focused interventions have more impact upon knowledge but less upon attitudes and behavior
whereas alternative interventions have less impact upon knowledge but more upon attitudes and behavior. This result is replicated by the current
meta-analysis performed upon eight risk-reduction programs meeting six standard methodological requirements for evaluation research.
Journal of Drug Education, 20(2) : 139-52
- Year: 1990
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Friedman,
Alfred S.
Compares outcomes, for adolescent drug users, of the functional family therapy approach with a parent group method. The families of
adolescent drug abuse clients (aged 14-21 yrs) who were admitted to 6 outpatient drug-free treatment programs were randomly assigned to either the
functional family therapy method or a parent group method. In 93% of the family therapy families, one or both parents participated (N=85); but in
only 67% of the families assigned to a parent group, one or both parents participated (N=50). At follow-up evaluation 15 mo later (after a 6-mo
course of treatment and a 9-mo follow-up period), the clients and their mothers in both groups reported significant improvement on numerous outcome
criteria, including reduction in substance use. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in degrees of improvement. (PsycINFO
Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
American Journal of Family Therapy, 17(4) : 335-
347
- Year: 1989
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy
Pentz, M. A., Dwyer, J. H., MacKinnon, D. P., Flay, B. R., Hansen, W. B., Wang, E. Y., Johnson, C.
A.
The entire early adolescent population of the 15
communities that constitute the Kansas City (Kansas and Missouri) metropolitan area has participated in a community-based program for prevention of
drug abuse since September 1984. The Kansas City area is the first of two major metropolitan sites being evaluated in the Midwestern Prevention
Project, a longitudinal trial for primary prevention of cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use in adolescents. The project includes mass media
programming, a school-based educational program for youths, parent education and organization, community organization, and health policy components
that are introduced sequentially into communities during a 6-year period. Effects of the program are determined through annual assessments of
adolescent drug use in schools that are assigned to immediate intervention or delayed intervention control conditions. In the first 2 years of the
project, 22,500 sixth- and seventh-grade adolescents received the school-based educational program component, with parental involvement in homework
and mass media coverage. Analyses of 42 schools indicate that the prevalence rates of use for all three drugs are significantly lower at 1-year
follow-up in the intervention condition relative to the delayed intervention condition, with or without controlling for race, grade, socioeconomic
status, and urbanicity (17% vs 24% for cigarette smoking, 11% vs 16% for alcohol use, and 7% vs 10% for marijuana use in the last month), and the net
increase in drug use prevalence among intervention schools is half that of delayed intervention schools.
JAMA, 261(22) : 3259-
66
- Year: 1989
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Szapocznik, Jose, Santisteban, David, Rio, Arturo, Perez-Vidal, Angel, et-al
79 Hispanic families meeting the criteria for at-risk for preadolescents'
future drug abuse were randomly assigned to either a family effectiveness training (FET) condition or to a minimum contact control condition. Three
sets of analyses were conducted: (1) for all Ss, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the effects of intervention and preassessment on posttest outcome
scores; (2) for Ss with preassessment, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of the effects of FET and control conditions on outcome, using preassessment
scores as covariates; and (3) repeated measures ANOVAs of the long-term impact of FET. Families in the FET condition showed significantly greater
improvement on independent measures of structural family functioning, problem behaviors as reported by parents, and on a self-administered measure of
child self-concept. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 11(1) : 4-
27
- Year: 1989
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions