Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
McLellan, J., Dale, H.
Technology is increasingly used as a method to engage young people in health issues. This review aimed to assess the
effectiveness of technology interventions in preventing and reducing substance use and risky sexual health behaviours in young people. The following
databases were searched via Ovid: Psychinfo, Medline, Embase. Studies were systematically screened by title, abstract and 2 reviewers assessed the
full papers and discrepancies discussed. Inclusion criteria: young people (aged 12-25 years) that constituted at least 50 % of the population; any
technological component including telecommunication, computer and internet that constituted at least 50 % of the intervention; any sexual health or
substance use outcome; studies meeting evidence level one-four. 1603 papers were identified by the original search. Of these, 30 were included in the
review. The majority of studies showed positive intervention effects, however, most targeted educated young people, such as university students.
Additionally, the outcome measures were often psychological determinants of behaviour rather than actual behaviours. Technology has a significant
role to play in this field. The review identifies components of effective interventions for young people. However more research is required to target
vulnerable populations in order reduce inequalities. Studies are required that involve a wider variety of participants with behavioural outcomes.
(copyright) 2013 IUPESM and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Health & Technology, 3(3) : 195-
203
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kao, T. S., Gibbs, M. B., Clemen-Stone,
S., Duffy, S.
The purpose of this integrative review is to describe, compare, and
synthesize traditional and computer-based family interventions that aim to change adolescents' risky sexual behaviors and substance abuse. Family
interventions have been shown to generate protective effects for preventing adolescents from risky behaviors. It is not clear, however, whether there
are significant differences or similarities in the designs and effects of traditional and computer-based family interventions. An integrative
literature review was conducted to describe and compare the designs and effects of traditional and computer-based family interventions. Both
interventions have generated significant effects on reducing risky behavior among adolescents. Interventions guided by theory, tailored to
participants' culture/gender, and which included sufficient boosting dosages in their designs demonstrated significant short- or long-term effects
in terms of reducing adolescents' risky behaviors. Regardless of delivery method, well-designed family interventions are noted to maximize familial
protective effects and reduce risky behaviors. (copyright) The Author(s) 2012.
Western Journal of
Nursing Research, 35(5) : 611-637
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, comparing delivery mode (e.g. online vs. face-to-face)
Horigian, Viviana E., Weems, Carl F., Robbins, Michael S., Feaster, Daniel J., Ucha, Jessica, Miller, Michael, Werstlein, Robert
Background and Objectives: Research shows that interventions for substance use disorders may
be helpful in reducing internalizing disorders in adolescents. This paper examines the prevalence and reductions of anxiety and depression symptoms
among youth receiving substance use treatment.; Methods: Four hundred eighty adolescents ages 12-17 who received treatment for substance abuse as
part of the Brief Strategic Family Therapy effectiveness trial were screened for anxiety and depression using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
Children-Predictive Scales (DISC-PS). Twelve-month post-randomization assessments were completed by 327 parents and 315 youth. Sixty-five percent of
the sample was found to have probability of at least one anxiety disorder or depression diagnosis.; Results: Significant reduction of anxiety and
depressive symptoms and significant reductions in probable anxiety and depression diagnoses were observed at follow-up. Few differences by treatment
type and by ethnic group were noticed.; Conclusions and Scientific Significance: Findings indicate that substance use interventions might help reduce
the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and the probability of these disorders.; Copyright © American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
American Journal on
Addictions, 22(4) : 329-337
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy
Gmel, G., Gaume, J., Bertholet, N., Fluckiger, J., Daeppen, J. B.
Brief interventions (BI)
commonly employ screening and target a single substance. Multi-substance interventions are a more adequate reflection of risk behaviors in
adolescents and young adults. Systematic screening complicates BI in many settings. The effectiveness of a voluntary multi-substance intervention
among 19-year-old men and the incremental impact of booster sessions were analyzed. Participants were enrolled during mandatory army conscription in
Switzerland. Compared with 461 controls, 392 BI subjects showed reduced substance use on 10 of 12 measures (4 tobacco, 4 cannabis, and 2 alcohol
measures). Between-group effects were small and non-significant (except for cannabis use prevalence). Three-month booster sessions were not effective
and even contraindicated. The usefulness of targeting multi-substances during BIs without prior screening depends on the value of small effects. The
addition of booster sessions was not effective and therefore is not recommended. (copyright) 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 44(2) : 231-
240
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Coren, E., Hossain, R., Pardo, J., Veras, M., Chakraborty,
K., Harris, H., Martin, A. J.
Background: Numbers of street-
connected children and young people run into many millions worldwide and include children and young people who live or work in street environments.
Whether or not they remain connected to their families of origin, and despite many strengths and resiliencies, they are vulnerable to a range of
risks and are excluded from mainstream social structures and opportunities. Objectives: To summarise the effectiveness of interventions for street-
connected children and young people that promote inclusion and reintegration and reduce harms. To explore the processes of successful intervention
and models of change in this area, and to understand how intervention effectiveness may vary in different contexts. Search methods: We searched the
following bibliographic databases, from inception to 2012, and various relevant non-governmental and organisational websites: Cochrane Central
Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE and PreMEDLINE; EMBASE and EMBASE Classic; CINAHL; PsycINFO; ERIC; Sociological Abstracts; Social
Services Abstracts; Social Work Abstracts; Healthstar; LILACS; System for Grey literature in Europe (OpenGrey); ProQuest Dissertations and Theses;
EconLit; IDEAS Economics and Finance Research; JOLIS Library Catalog of the holdings of the World Bank Group and IMF Libraries; BLDS (British Library
for Development Studies); Google, Google Scholar. Selection criteria: The review included data from harm reduction or reintegration promotion
intervention studies that used a comparison group study design and were all randomised or quasi-randomised studies. Studies were included if they
evaluated interventions aimed to benefit street-connected children and young people, aged 0 to 24 years, in all contexts. Data collection and
analysis: Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Data were extracted on intervention
delivery, context, process factors, equity and outcomes. Outcome measures were grouped according to whether they measured psychosocial outcomes,
risky sexual behaviours or substance use. A meta-analysis was conducted for some outcomes though it was not possible for all due to differences in
measurements between studies. Other outcomes were evaluated narratively. Main results: We included 11 studies evaluating 12 interventions from high
income countries. We did not find any sufficiently robust evaluations conducted in low and middle income countries (LMICs) despite the existence of
many relevant programmes. Study quality overall was low to moderate and there was great variation in the measurement used by studies, making
comparison difficult. Participants were drop-in and shelter based. We found no consistent results on a range of relevant outcomes within domains of
psychosocial health, substance misuse and sexual risky behaviours despite the many measurements collected in the studies. The interventions being
evaluated consisted of time limited therapeutically based programmes which did not prove more effective than standard shelter or drop-in services for
most outcomes and in most studies. There were favourable changes from baseline in outcomes for most particpants in therapy interventions and also in
standard services. There was considerable heterogeneity between studies and equity data were inconsistently reported. No study measured the primary
outcome of reintegration or reported on adverse effects. The review discussion section included consideration of the relevance of the findings for
LMIC settings. Authors' conclusions: Analysis across the included studies found no consistently significant benefit for the 'new' interventions
compared to standard services for street-connected children and young people. These latter interventions, however, have not been rigorously
evaluated, especially in the context of LMICs. Robustly evaluating the interventions would enable better recommendations to be made for service
delivery. There is a need for future research in LMICs that includes children who are on the streets due to urbanisati n, war or migration and who
may be vulnerable to risks such as trafficking. Plain Language Summary: Interventions for reducing risks and promoting inclusion of street children
and young people There are millions of children and young people estimated to be living and working on the streets around the world. Many have become
resilient but continue to be vulnerable to risks. To promote their best chances in life, services are needed to reduce risks and prevent
marginalisation from mainstream society. Eleven studies evaluating 12 interventions have been rigorously conducted of services to support street-
connected children and youth, all in the developed world. They compared therapy-based services with usual shelter and drop-in services. The results
of these studies were mixed but overall we found that participants receiving therapy or usual services benefitted to a similar level. There is a need
for research which considers the benefit of usual drop-in and shelter services, most particularly in low and middle income countries, and which
includes participation of street-connected children and young people. None of the studies included participants that were comparable to some street
children in low income countries, who may be on the street primarily to earn a living or as a result of war, migration or urbanisation.(copyright)
2013 The Cochrane Collaboration.
Evidence-Based Child
Health, 8(4) : 1140-1272
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Dennhardt, Ashley A., Murphy, James
G.
Drug use during the college years is a significant public health concern. The
primary goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of prevention and treatment studies of college student drug use in order to guide
college prevention efforts and to inform and stimulate new research in this area. First, established risk factors for drug use were reviewed. High
levels of personality traits including, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, negative emotionality, emotional dysregulation, and personality disorder
symptoms increase risk for drug use. Drug use has also been linked to overestimating normative levels of drug use and experiencing negative life
events, and specific motives for drug use are linked to more problematic patterns. There have been very few studies examining prevention and
treatment, but parent-based and in-person brief motivational interventions appear to be promising. Longitudinal studies of the development and course
of drug use among college students, as well as clinical trials to evaluate novel theoretically-based intervention and prevention programs that take
into account established risk factors for drug abuse are needed. ; Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Addictive Behaviors, 38(10) : 2607-
2618
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Fang, Lin, Schinke, Steven P.
Asian Americans have been largely ignored in the prevention outcome
literature. In this study, we tested a parent-child program with a sample of Asian American adolescent girls and their mothers, and evaluated the
program's efficacy on decreasing girls' substance use and modifying risk and protective factors at individual, family, and peer levels. A total of
108 Asian American mother-daughter dyads recruited through online advertisements and from community service agencies were randomly assigned to an
intervention arm (n = 56) or to a test-only control arm (n = 52). The intervention consisted of a nine-session substance abuse prevention program,
delivered entirely online. Guided by family interaction theory, the prevention program aimed to strengthen the quality of girls' relationships with
their mothers while increasing girls' resilience to resist substance use. Intent-to-treat analyses showed that at 2-year follow-up, intervention-arm
dyads had significantly higher levels of mother-daughter closeness, mother-daughter communication, maternal monitoring, and family rules against
substance use compared with the control-arm dyads. Intervention-arm girls also showed sustained improvement in self-efficacy and refusal skills and
had lower intentions to use substances in the future. Most important, intervention-arm girls reported fewer instances of alcohol and marijuana use
and prescription drug misuse relative to the control-arm girls. The study suggests that a culturally generic, family-based prevention program was
efficacious in enhancing parent-child relationships, improving girls' resiliency, and preventing substance use behaviors among Asian American
girls.; PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 27(3) : 788-798
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Ferri, Marica, Allara, Elias, Bo, Alessandra, Gasparrini, Antonio, Faggiano, Fabrizio
Background: Substance-specific mass media campaigns which
address young people are widely used to prevent illicit drug use. They aim to reduce use and raise awareness of the problem.; Objectives: To assess
the effectiveness of mass media campaigns in preventing or reducing the use of or intention to use illicit drugs amongst young people.; Search
Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library 2013, Issue 1), including the Cochrane Drugs
and Alcohol Group's Specialised Register; MEDLINE through PubMed (from 1966 to 29 January 2013); EMBASE (from 1974 to 30 January 2013) and ProQuest
Dissertations & Theses A&I (from 1861 to 3 February 2013).; Selection Criteria: Cluster-randomised controlled trials, prospective and retrospective
cohort studies, interrupted time series and controlled before and after studies evaluating the effectiveness of mass media campaigns in influencing
drug use, intention to use or the attitude of young people under the age of 26 towards illicit drugs.; Data Collection and Analysis: We used the
standard methodological procedures of The Cochrane Collaboration.; Main Results: We included 23 studies involving 188,934 young people, conducted in
the USA, Canada and Australia between 1991 and 2012. Twelve studies were randomised controlled trials (RCT), two were prospective cohort studies
(PCS), one study was both a RCT and a PCS, six were interrupted time series and two were controlled before and after (CBA) studies. The RCTs had an
overall low risk of bias, along with the ITS (apart from the dimension 'formal test of trend'), and the PCS had overall good quality, apart from
the description of loss to follow-up by exposure.Self reported or biomarker-assessed illicit drug use was measured with an array of published and
unpublished scales making comparisons difficult. Pooled results of five RCTs (N = 5470) show no effect of media campaign intervention (standardised
mean difference (SMD) -0.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.15 to 0.12).We also pooled five ITS studies (N = 26,405) focusing specifically on
methamphetamine use. Out of four pooled estimates (two endpoints measured in two age groups), there was evidence of a reduction only in past-year
prevalence of methamphetamine use among 12 to 17 years old.A further five studies (designs = one RCT with PCS, two PCS, two ITS, one CBA, N =
151,508), which could not be included in meta-analyses, reported a drug use outcome with varied results including a clear iatrogenic effect in one
case and reduction of use in another.; Authors' Conclusions: Overall the available evidence does not allow conclusions about the effect of media
campaigns on illicit drug use among young people. We conclude that further studies are needed.;
Cochrane Database of Systematic
Reviews, 6 : CD009287
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
D'Amico, Elizabeth J., Hunter, Sarah B., Miles, Jeremy N. V., Ewing, Brett A., Osilla, Karen Chan
Group motivational interviewing (MI)
interventions that target youth at-risk for alcohol and other drug (AOD) use may prevent future negative consequences. Youth in a teen court setting
[n=193; 67% male, 45% Hispanic; mean age 16.6 (SD=1.05)] were randomized to receive either a group MI intervention, Free Talk, or usual care (UC). We
examined client acceptance, and intervention feasibility and conducted a preliminary outcome evaluation. Free Talk teens reported higher quality and
satisfaction ratings, and MI integrity scores were higher for Free Talk groups. AOD use and delinquency decreased for both groups at 3 months, and
12-month recidivism rates were lower but not significantly different for the Free Talk group compared to UC. Results contribute to emerging
literature on MI in a group setting. A longer term follow-up is warranted.; © 2013.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(5) : 400-
408
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Cheung, Chau-kiu, Ngai, Steven Sek-yum
Cognitive - behavioral integrated treatment (CBIT) is an intervention that social workers can learn to treat youth's drug abuse by
cognitive restructuring, behavioral modification, and goal setting. A way to enhance the learning is training specifically for CBIT. Evaluation of
the effectiveness of such training in raising social workers' CBIT practice and their young service users' illicit-drug-free days is the aim of
this experimental study. This study first randomly assigned 14 outreach social workers to receive training for CBIT and 14 outreach social workers
not to receive the training. The study also assessed 222 young service users (aged 11 - 22 years) engaged by 28 outreach social workers before the
training and 169 of them after the training in a six-month follow-up. Furthermore, the study identified the reduction in the youth's dysfunctional
cognition of playfulness as a means to deter the youth's drug abuse, based on personal interviews with outreach social workers and their young
service users before the training. Derived from the statistical analysis of assessment data, results principally showed cascading effects from the
social worker's reception of the CBIT training to the young service user's reception of CBIT, reduced playfulness, and lengthened drug-free days. A
supplementary finding was that the young service user's time in the outreach social work service prolonged drug-free days and reduced playfulness.
These results imply that the outreach social work service, CBIT training, and CBIT are useful for treating youth's illicit drug abuse. (PsycINFO
Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved). (journal abstract)
Children & Youth Services Review, 35(2) : 302-
311
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Clair, Mary, Stein, L., Soenksen, Shayna, Martin, Rosemarie, Lebeau,
Rebecca, Golembeske, Charles
Motivational interviewing (MI) has been found to be
an effective treatment for substance using populations, including incarcerated adolescents. Although some studies suggest MI is more successful with
individuals from minority backgrounds, the research remains mixed. The current study investigated the impact of ethnicity on treatment in reducing
alcohol and marijuana use among incarcerated adolescents. Adolescents (14-19 years of age) were recruited from a state juvenile correctional facility
and randomly assigned to receive MI or relaxation therapy (RT) (N=147; 48 White, 51 Hispanic, and 48 African American; 126 male; 21 female).
Interviews were conducted at admission to the facility and 3 months after release. Results suggest that the effects of MI on treatment outcomes are
moderated by ethnicity. Hispanic adolescents who received MI significantly decreased total number of drinks on heavy drinking days (NDHD) and
percentage of heavy drinking days (PHDD) as compared to Hispanic adolescents who received RT. These findings suggest that MI is an efficacious
treatment for an ethnic minority juvenile justice-involved population in need of evidence-based treatments.; Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All
rights reserved.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(4) : 370-
375
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Relaxation
Thomas, Roger E., Lorenzetti, Diane L., Spragins, Wendy
Background: Use of alcohol and illicit drugs by adolescents is an important problem worldwide.; Objective: To undertake
a systematic review of mentoring in preventing/reducing adolescents' alcohol and drug use.; Data Sources: We searched 8 multidisciplinary electronic
databases, the gray literature, and reference lists of included studies.; Study Eligibility Criteria, Participants, and Interventions: Randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) of mentoring in adolescents to prevent/reduce alcohol or drug use.; Results: Six RCTs were included in this review. Four
RCTs provided evidence on mentoring and alcohol use. The 2 that could be pooled showed less alcohol use by mentored youth. Six RCTs on mentoring and
drug use were identified, 2 of which provided some evidence of the effect of mentoring in reducing drug use.; Limitations: Only 1 RCT was at low risk
of bias for randomization. None of the studies stated they concealed allocation. Of the 6 included studies, 1 was at high risk and 5 at unclear risk
for attrition.; Conclusions and Implications Of Key Findings: Four RCTs provided evidence on mentoring and alcohol use, and the 2 that could be
pooled showed less use by mentored youth. The 6 RCTs that provided evidence on drug use could not be pooled. Two did provide some evidence that
mentoring is associated with less drug use. Very few well-designed studies evaluate the effects of mentoring on adolescent drug and alcohol use.;
Copyright © 2013 Academic Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Academic
Pediatrics, 13(4) : 292-299
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions