Disorders - depressive disorders
Devillers-Reolon, L., Mascret,
N., Sleimen-Malkoun, R.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to worldwide
restrictive measures, raising concerns about mental health in young adults who were not particularly vulnerable to the virus itself. This study
investigated the impact of these restrictions on mental and cognitive health of university students, and tested the efficacy of a brief online
mindfulness meditation intervention in countering psychological distress and improving attentional abilities. Ninety-six university students forced
into remote learning due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and with no experience in meditation were randomly assigned to either a passive control
group (n = 48) or to an experimental group (n = 48) following daily, for 17 days, an online mindfulness intervention (10-20 min per day). Due to
drop-out, 38 participants in each group were finally analyzed. Pre- and post-tests assessed participants' mental health (psychological well-being,
depression, anxiety, stress) and attentional abilities. The analysis of baseline data in comparison with normative scores and pre-pandemic statistics
confirmed the expected psychological distress, but it did not reveal any attentional deficits in our participants. Pre-post change scores analyses
showed a reduction in stress (p = 0.006, etap 2 = 0.10), anxiety (p = 0.002, etap 2 = 0.13), and
depression (p = 0.025, etap 2 = 0.07), and an improvement in well-being (p = 0.013, etap 2 = 0.12) in the
experimental group, but not in the control group. In both groups, no significant effect was found on attentional abilities. Our results confirmed the
psychological vulnerability of higher education students in the midst of the remote learning period during the second COVID-19 lockdown in France,
while suggesting preservation of attentional functioning. Although the tested mindfulness intervention did not enhance the attentional abilities in
already good performing students, it did promote their mental health. This study offers additional evidence on the feasibility and efficacy of
mindfulness-based interventions in students during psychologically straining periods, like the COVID-19 pandemic.
, 13 : 889807
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
DeTore, N. R., Luther, L., Deng, W., Zimmerman, J., Leathem,
L., Burke, A. S., Nyer, M. B., Holt, D. J.
BACKGROUND: Prevention programs that are 'transdiagnostic' may be more cost-effective
and beneficial, in terms of reducing levels of psychopathology in the general population, than those focused on a specific disorder. This randomized
controlled study evaluated the efficacy of one such intervention program called Resilience Training (RT). METHOD(S): College students who reported
mildly elevated depressive or subclinical psychotic symptoms ('psychotic experiences' (PEs)) (n = 107) were randomized to receiving RT (n = 54) or
to a waitlist control condition (n = 53). RT consists of a four-session intervention focused on improving resilience through the acquisition of
mindfulness, self-compassion, and mentalization skills. Measures of symptoms and these resilience-enhancing skills were collected before and after
the 4-week RT/waitlist period, with a follow-up assessment 12-months later. RESULT(S): Compared to the waitlist control group, RT participants
reported significantly greater reductions in PEs, distress associated with PEs, depression, and anxiety, as well as significantly greater
improvements in resilience, mindfulness, self-compassion, and positive affect, following the 4-week RT/waitlist period (all p < 0.03). Moreover,
improvements in resilience-promoting skills were significantly correlated with symptom reductions (all p < 0.05). Lastly, the RT-related reductions
in PEs and associated distress were maintained at the 12-month follow-up assessment. CONCLUSION(S): RT is a brief, group-based intervention
associated with improved resilience and reduced symptoms of psychopathology, with sustained effects on PEs, in transdiagnostically at-risk young
adults. Follow-up studies can further assess the efficacy of RT relative to other interventions and test whether it can reduce the likelihood of
developing a serious mental illness.
Psychological medicine, : 1-
10
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Mindfulness based
therapy
Demir, S., Ercan, F.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive
behavioral therapy (CBT)-based group counseling focused on depressive symptoms, anxiety levels, automatic thoughts, and coping ways among
undergraduate nursing students with mild to moderate depressive symptoms. DESIGN AND METHODS: A randomized, nonblinded, controlled trial was
conducted. The study was completed with a total of 63 participants (n=31, intervention group; n=32, control group). The effect of the intervention
was evaluated with Beck depression inventory, Beck anxiety inventory, automatic thoughts questionnaire, and ways of coping questionnaire. The
measurements were taken three times: pretest, posttest, and 2-months posttest. FINDINGS: CBT-based group counseling was found to reduce depressive
symptoms, automatic thoughts, and ineffective coping with stress and to increase effective coping with stress. In both groups, 2-months posttest mean
anxiety score was lower than the pre-test mean score. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: CBT-based group counseling reduced depressive symptoms, automatic
thoughts, and emotion-focused/ineffective ways for coping with stress. Copyright © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
, 24 :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Dawson, D. N., Jones, M.
C., Fairbairn, C. E., Laurent, H. K.
Objective: A growing literature supports mindfulness and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) for depression prevention and
treatment with individuals from dominant cultural groups, and MABIs have been theorized to be well suited to resonate with individuals from
nondominant groups. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to determine whether this promise is realized in practice by evaluating the efficacy of
MABIs for depression symptoms in Black Americans. Method: Thirty studies with an adequate proportion (>20%) of Black Americans were identified using
previous reviews and electronic databases, yielding a total of 1,703 participants with an average proportion of 70% Black Americans. Data on
moderators (i.e., geographic location, study design, and intervention protocol) and outcomes were extracted and analyzed using metaregression.
Results: Results indicated a moderate effect of MABIs on symptom outcomes in the full sample g = 0.48. Effect sizes were similar in study subsets
comprising majority (>50%; k = 19) g = 0.39, and predominantly (>90%; k = 10) g = 0.35, Black participants, with no significant moderating effect of
racial composition. Effects were moderated by both sample and intervention level characteristics. Conclusions: The current findings support the
conclusion that MABIs are efficacious to varying degrees for Black Americans; with stronger support for use in adult samples than youth samples.
These results are promising, and further support efforts to expand research on evidence-based treatments (EBTs) to meet the specific mental health
needs of Black Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement What is the public health significance of
this article?-The current meta-analytic study addresses a critical gap in the literature regarding the efficacy of mindfulness and acceptance-based
interventions (MABIs) for symptoms of depression in Black Americans. Results show promise for the transdiagnostic potential of MABIs in Black
populations and highlight the need for greater attention to culturally congruent approaches to EBTs with Black Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record
(c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 90(2) : 123-136
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT)
Davis, L., Aylward, A.
Given the prevalence of childhood
trauma in rural Montana, this project is intended to help mitigate stressors that may contribute to poor behavioral and mental health in high
school-aged children, which may be exacerbated by the collective trauma of the COVID-19 pandemic. The immediate goal was to measure physical and
mental health outcomes in adolescents resulting from a remotely delivered trauma-informed yoga intervention designed to foster positive youth
development. Our study builds on the successes from an initial feasibility pilot study one year prior in order to evaluate a more robust intervention
comparing experimental and control group outcomes. Students at a small, rural high school in Montana volunteered to participate in a 6-week, twice-
weekly trauma-informed yoga intervention in their physical education class. Validated survey measures, including the PHQ-A, GAD-7, and ACE-Q
instruments, were utilized to measure mental health outcomes pre- vs. post-intervention. Salivary cortisol levels were also measured pre-, mid-, and
post-intervention. Statistically significant declines in cortisol levels and improvements in sleep duration were noted when comparing experimental
vs. control groups. Noteworthy declines in depression and anxiety levels were also seen when comparing the treatment to control groups. Descriptive
differences between the control and experimental groups illustrate the mental health benefits of reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms in rural
adolescents resulting from a remotely delivered trauma-informed yoga intervention. Our study holds the potential for a long-term public health impact
in reducing adolescent rates of anxiety and depression while mitigating trauma in geographically isolated settings. Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04664855.
, : 1-14
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Mindfulness based
therapy, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
David, O. A., Fodor, L. A.
Emotional disorders are the most prevalent mental health conditions affecting children and adolescents. Thus, it
becomes essential to develop and test early intervention strategies that are accessible, attractive, and can effectively improve their emotional
functioning. A randomized control trial compared the prevention effects of the REThink therapeutic game to those of a standard face-to-face
prevention program, and a waitlist which was transformed at follow-up into care as usual. Out of 142 healthy children and adolescents who completed
the intervention stage, 137 (mean age: 12.84, SD: 1.97) completed a follow-up assessment measuring emotional symptoms, depressive mood and emotion
regulation. We also tested potential moderators of its long-term effects, such as parental psychological control, parent attachment and childhood
trauma. Our results highlighted the fact that the REThink intervention had a durable impact on the children's mental health and their ability to
regulate their emotions. Moreover, we found that trauma, parent psychological control and parent attachment moderated the maintenance of the
improvements. Future research needs to further document how to personalize the game and prevention program components to better address the
characteristics of the youths at risk for mental health problems. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03308981, from 13.10.2017. Copyright © 2022, The Author(s),
under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.
European Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry., :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS), Technology, comparing delivery mode (e.g. online vs. face-to-face)
Dapari, R., Bashaabidin, M. S. M., Hassan, M. R., Dom, N. C., Rahim, S. S. S. A., Wan-Mahiyuddin, W. R.
Depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) among adolescents have become a public health
concern. The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and measure an IMB-based health education intervention module for reducing DAS among
adolescents in boarding schools in the state of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. A single-blinded cluster randomised control trial (RCT) was conducted
among students with abnormal DASS-21 scores. They were divided into an intervention group (three schools, 62 participants) and a control group (three
schools, 57 participants). Participants in the intervention group received IMB-based health education, while participants in the control group
underwent the standard care session. To determine the effectiveness of the intervention, the Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis was
conducted. A total of 119 students participated in this study, and no loss to follow-up was reported. Both intervention and control groups showed
significantly reduced DAS scores (p < 0.005). However, the reduction of these scores was greater in the intervention group. The GLMM analysis
revealed that the intervention was effective in reducing depression (s = -2.400, t = -3.102, SE = 0.7735, p = 0.002, 95% CI = -3.921, -0.878),
anxiety (s = -2.129, t = -2.824, SE = 0.7541, p = 0.005, 95% CI = -3.612, -0.646), and stress (s = -1.335, t = -2.457, SE = 0.536, p = 0.015, 95% CI
= -2.045, -0.266) among adolescents. The IMB-based health education module was effective in reducing DAS among adolescents in boarding schools.
Copyright © 2022 by the authors.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health, 19(22) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Dambi, J., Norman, C., Doukani, A., Potgieter, S., Turner, J., Musesengwa, R., Verhey, R., Chibanda, D.
Background: Common mental health disorders (CMDs) are leading
causes of disability globally. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the burden of CMDs. COVID-19 containment measures, including
lockdowns, have disrupted access to in-person mental health care. It is therefore imperative to explore the utility of digital mental health
interventions to bridge the treatment gap. Mobile health technologies are effective tools for increasing access to treatment at a lower cost. This
study explores the utility of Inuka, a chat-based app hinged on the Friendship Bench problem-solving therapy intervention. The Inuka app offers
double anonymity, and clients can book or cancel a session at their convenience. Inuka services can be accessed either through a mobile app or the
web. Objective(s): We aimed to explore the feasibility of conducting a future clinical trial. Additionally, we evaluated the feasibility,
acceptability, appropriateness, scalability, and preliminary effectiveness of Inuka. Method(s): Data were collected using concurrent mixed methods.
We used a pragmatic quasiexperimental design to compare the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary clinical effectiveness of Inuka (experimental
group) and WhatsApp chat-based counseling (control). Participants received 6 problem-solving therapy sessions delivered by lay counselors. A
reduction in CMDs was the primary clinical outcome. The secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQoL), disability and functioning,
and social support. Quantitative outcomes were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics. Finally, we used administrative data and
semistructured interviews to gather data on acceptability and feasibility; this was analyzed using thematic analysis. Result(s): Altogether, 258
participants were screened over 6 months, with 202 assessed for eligibility, and 176 participants were included in the study (recruitment ratio of 29
participants/month). The participants' mean age was 24.4 (SD 5.3) years, and most participants were female and had tertiary education. The mean
daily smartphone usage was 8 (SD 3.5) hours. Eighty-three users signed up and completed at least one session. The average completion rate was 3 out
of 4 sessions. Inuka was deemed feasible and acceptable in the local context, with connectivity challenges, app instability, expensive mobile data,
and power outages cited as potential barriers to scale up. Generally, there was a decline in CMDs (F2,73=2.63; P=.08), depression
(F2,73=7.67; P<.001), and anxiety (F2,73=2.95; P=.06) and a corresponding increase in HRQoL (F2,73=7.287; P<.001) in
both groups. Conclusion(s): Study outcomes showed that it is feasible to run a future large-scale randomized clinical trial (RCT) and lend support to
the feasibility and acceptability of Inuka, including evidence of preliminary effectiveness. The app's double anonymity and structured support were
the most salient features. There is a great need for iterative app updates before scaling up. Finally, a large-scale hybrid RCT with a longer
follow-up to evaluate the clinical implementation and cost-effectiveness of the app is needed. Copyright ©Jermaine Dambi, Clara Norman, Asmae
Doukani, Stephan Potgieter, Jean Turner, Rosemary Musesengwa, Ruth Verhey, Dixon Chibanda.
JMIR Mental
Health, 9(10) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Problem solving therapy (PST), Supportive
therapy, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Dai, Z., Jing, S., Xiao, W., Huang, Y., Chen, X., Fu, J., Pan, C., Tang, Q., Wang, H., Su, X.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of mindfulness intervention on improving mental health among
undergraduate nursing students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China. Method(s): An online mindfulness intervention course
named Mindfulness Living With Challenge (MLWC) was developed by the research team, and a randomized controlled trial using MLWC among Chinese
undergraduate nursing students was carried out. A total of 120 undergraduate nursing students were randomized into control (60 students) and
intervention groups (60 students) via a WeChat mini program. Self-administered questionnaire surveys were conducted at pre- and post-intervention,
measuring depression, anxiety, stress, mindfulness, and perceived social support. After intervention, the acceptance of the online mindfulness course
among participants was assessed by employing the theory of technology acceptance model (TAM). Result(s): Among the enrolled 120 participants, 86.67%
(52/60) and 93.33% (56/60) of the intervention and control groups remained completed the trial and the questionnaire surveys. Compared with the
control group, the reduction of anxiety and stress symptoms, as well as the improvement of mindfulness level and perceived social support in the MLWC
intervention group were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while the change in depression was not statistically significant. The scores of the
four dimensions in TAM ranged from (5.88 +/- 0.94) to (5.91 +/- 0.97). Conclusion(s): Online mindfulness intervention implemented in this study is
effective in improving mental health among undergraduate nursing students, and they were interested in this intervention. Clinical trial
registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2 200058103]. Copyright © 2022 Dai, Jing, Wang, Xiao, Huang, Chen, Fu, Pan, Tang, Wang and
Su.
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13 (no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Dai, M., Liu, G.
Background:
COVID-19 has been confirmed as a public health emergency and may give rise to adverse emotions such as anxiety and fear, and even stress reactions in
serious cases. In a critical period of emotional development, adolescents experience more psychological stress fluctuations. Mindful self-compassion
training is a simple and easy psychological assistance technology that has been recognized as effective, but it has not been applied to adolescents'
psychological problems caused by the epidemic.\rMethods: From September 2021 to January 2022, adolescent volunteers were recruited in this study from
four communities in Chongqing, China. A total of 107 adolescents volunteered to participate in this intervention experiment and were divided by the
table of random numbers into 53 in the experiment group and 54 in the control group. The experiment group was intervened using mindful self-
compassion training in combination with aerobic exercise for two months, while no intervention measures were taken in the control group. Stress
Appraisal Measure, Profile of Mood States and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were the scales adopted to evaluate the effect before and after the
intervention.\rResults: The experimental group had significantly lower negative mood, stress, sleep scores than the control group (P < 0.001) and
significantly higher differences before and after treatment than the control group (P < 0.001).\rConclusion: The intervention in this study can
effectively reduce the level of negative mood and stress in individuals, and improve their vitality and sleep quality and provides new insights for
the implementation and improvement of psychological assistance technology.
Iranian Journal of Public Health, 51(11) : 2564-2572
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Physical activity, exercise
Curtin A. C., Johnston, C.
S.
Oral contraceptive (OC) users have a heightened risk of low plasma concentrations of vitamin B6, a cofactor in the
tryptophan-serotonin pathway critical to mood regulation. The purpose of this crossover study was to determine whether vitamin B6 supplementation
reduced symptoms of depression and improved mood states in college women using OC. Participants were healthy (aged 18-25yrs), did not take dietary
supplements, and used OC (estrogen with progestin) consistently for at least 1 year. During the 12-week, randomized, double-blind crossover trial (4
-week treatment periods [100mg vitamin B6 daily or placebo] separated by a 4-week washout) participants (n=8) maintained normal exercise and eating
patterns and recorded tablet consumption daily. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were used to assess
mental health before and after each 4-week treatment period. Average dietary vitamin B6 intakes did not vary during the trial (1.2-1.4mg/d), whereas
vitamin B6 status rose significantly following the B6 supplementation period compared to the other three time points. BDI-II scores were reduced 20%
by vitamin B6 supplementation in comparison to an 11% rise with placebo ingestion (p=0.046). POMS scores were not significantly impacted by vitamin
B6 supplementation. These preliminary data support a growing literature suggesting the benefits of B6 supplementation for reducing symptoms of
depression in young women using OC.
, : 1-13
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Vitamins and supplements
Curry, John F., Kaminer, Yifrah, Goldston, David B., Chan, Grace, Wells, Karen C., Burke, Rebecca H., Inscoe, Adrienne Banny, Meyer, Allison E., Cheek, Shayna M.
Objective: To investigate prevalence and predictors of early depression
response (EDR) in adolescents with substance use and depression receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for substance use and to test the
efficacy of supplemental CBT targeting depression (CBT-D) for non-EDR adolescents in an adaptive treatment approach. Method: At 2 sites, 95 youths
(ages 14-21, mean [SD] = 17.4 [1.8]) with alcohol or cannabis use and depressive symptoms received up to 12 sessions of CBT for substance use over 14
weeks. Assessments were at baseline and weeks 4, 9, and 14. The Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised was the primary depression measure, with
a reduction of 50% or more on this scale at week 4 defining EDR. The primary substance use outcomes of alcohol use, heavy alcohol use, and cannabis
use frequency were assessed via interview report on the Alcohol Consumption Questionnaire and the Drug Checklist. Urinalysis provided a secondary
measure of cannabis use. Non-EDR adolescents were randomly assigned to supplemental CBT-D or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). Results: Thirty-five
adolescents (37%; 95% CI, 27%-47%) demonstrated EDR. Fewer days of cannabis use (odds ratio 0.977; 95% CI, 0.961-0.992) and absence of conduct
disorder (odds ratio 0.149; 95% CI, 0.031-0.716) predicted EDR. Frequency of drinking (F1,82 = 11.09, eta = 0.119, p = .001), heavy drinking (F1,82 =
19.91, eta2 = 0.195, p < .0001), and cannabis use (F1,220 = 35.01, eta2 = 0.137, p < .001) decreased over time for EDR, CBT-D, and ETAU adolescents,
with EDR adolescents evidencing earlier lower cannabis use (F2,220 = 4.16, eta2 = 0.036, p = .0169). Negative (clean) urine screens increased over
time (F1,219 = 5.10, eta2 = 0.023, p = .0249). Comparison of CBT-D and ETAU indicated that depression significantly decreased over time in both
groups (F1,48 = 64.20, eta2 = 0.572, p < .001), with no advantage for CBT-D. Conclusion: Approximately one-third of adolescents with substance use
and depression attain EDR during substance use treatment. Less frequent cannabis use facilitates depression response. The relatively small sample may
have precluded identification of additional EDR predictors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 61(4) : 508-
519
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy