Disorders - depressive disorders
Vinke, Y. D., Truijens,
F., van-Polanen Petel, E., van-Emmerik, A. A. P.
OBJECTIVE: This online study
examined the effects of a single imaginal exposure-writing assignment on posttraumatic stress (PTS) and comorbid depressive symptoms. METHOD(S):
Forty-six participants with PTS were allocated to either a single imaginal exposure-writing assignment, a nontrauma writing assignment, or to a
nonwriting control condition, and were reassessed 2 and 5 weeks after baseline. Of the 49 participants, 36 were female, with an average age of 23.
Participation was conducted through Qualtrics. Effects were assessed with the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Beck Depression
Inventory-II (BDI-II). RESULT(S): PTS and depressive symptoms decreased over time regardless of the study condition. CONCLUSION(S): We found no
support for the efficacy of a single imaginal exposure-writing assignment in reducing PTS or comorbid depressive symptoms. Suggestions are given for
future studies that attempt to identify a minimal dose of imaginal exposure writing for PTS. Copyright © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Journal of clinical
psychology., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Self-help
Tagalidou, N., Baier, J., Laireiter, A. R.
Three positive psychology interventions (coping humor, three funny things, three good
things) were compared with a placebo control condition (early memories) in a randomized placebo-controlled online trial. A total of 182 healthy
participants participated in a one week web-based diary study and completed evaluation measures at pre, post, and one month follow-up. They were
recruited via e-mail and have been primarily students. Primary outcomes have been happiness and depressive symptoms, secondary outcomes coping humor,
cheerfulness (and its subscales), and subjective perceived change. The intention-to-treat analysis (ITT) using linear mixed models could not
replicate the positive effects of past research. When compared to the control condition, only the coping humor intervention influenced primary
outcomes (r = 0.24-0.29). Three funny things and three good things had no effects at all. Secondary outcomes showed only isolated effects, so that no
uniform effect pattern was found for the interventions. Reasons for the small effects, such as motivation and psychosocial status of the
participants, as well as recommendations for future studies are discussed. Copyright © 2019 The Authors
Internet Interventions, 17 (no
pagination)(100242) :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Positive
psychology, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Chen, D., Sun, W., Liu, N., Wang, J., Guo,
P., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.
OBJECTIVES: We aim to examine whether nonpharmacological interventions could effectively improve depressive symptoms and depression to
provide more treatment options for nursing students.\rMETHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and three Chinese
electronic databases were comprehensively searched for papers that were published from January 1990 through March 2018. Quality assessment,
sensitivity analysis and heterogeneity were performed.\rRESULTS: In our review, 13 controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis
indicated that the depressive symptoms and depression of nursing students in the intervention groups showed significantly moderate improvements
compared with the control groups. Three subgroup analyses showed that mindfulness interventions and stress management programs were common and
effective, short-term interventions were beneficial to depression, nonpharmacological interventions had great improvements for Asian nursing students
and more rigorous researches on methodological quality are recommended.\rCONCLUSION: Nonpharmacological interventions can serve as promising
complementary and alternative approaches in reducing the depressive symptoms and depression of nursing students.
Complementary Therapies in Clinical
Practice, 34 : 217-228
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any)
Dai, F., Chen, B.
Objectives : Serious incidents of college students due to
sustained psychological stress leads to mental illness caused by frequent occurrence, darling serious psychological problems such as depression,
anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders such common college students mental illness. In response to these psychological characteristics, at home and
abroad in recent years, researchers have advocated a more suitable way of this population movement - the movement of body and mind. Body- Mind
Exercise is awareness campaigns, such as tai chi, yoga and qigong, the core of the movement is to train individuals with a sense of control
activities of the various parts of the body to achieve the body and mind. Studies have shown that Body- Mind Exercise has the advantages of physical
training and psychological training, and it can produce better physical and mental health benefits for patients with mental illness. Therefore, this
study attempts to explore the effect of Body- Mind Exercise intervention on college students' stress response and psychological endurance. To
provide effective and reasonable stress coping styles and develop good psychological endurance for undergraduates under pressure, thus improving
their mental health. Methods : Among the 1000 college students (Wuchang Institute of Technology), 80 college students with higher stress scores (CPSS
scale scores higher than the average score of 32) were selected as the experimental intervention group and the control group, 40 in the experimental
group and the control group (There were 22 males and 18 female in the both groups, and the experimental group the average age of 20.81 +/- 1.34 years
in the control group the average age of 20.35 +/- 1.61 years old). The students in the experimental group were intervened by yoga exercise, and the
control group was operated according to the normal life trajectory, 3 times a week, 45 minutes each time, comparative efficacy after 12 weeks.
Results : Experiment front set of scores on scale CPSS indicators have improved ( P < 0.05), lower than the score of the control group, which has a
different degree in each dimension, the perceived reduced pressure, the difference statistically significant ( P < 0.01), compared with a small
dimension of the tension decreases the amplitude, feeling out of control was not significant ( P > 0.05); while China endurance scale (CPPRS)
measured before and after the significant difference ( P < 0.01), wherein The differences in willpower, problem solving, and interpersonal
communication were statistically significant ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in family support and optimistic self- confidence (
P > 0.05). Conclusion : Body- Mind Exercise can actively reduce various negative psychological consequences by adjusting mentality and emotions, and
reduce the negative consequences of stress, and improve the psychological coping ability of college students and the psychological endurance in the
face of stress, and the intervention effect is better.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 124 (Supplement 3) : 209-
210
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
Oud, M., de-Winter, L., Vermeulen-Smit, E., Bodden, D., Nauta, M., Stone, L., van-den-Heuvel,
M., Taher, R. A., de-Graaf, I., Kendall,
T., Engels, R., Stikkelbroek, Y.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is first choice
of treatment for depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescents, however improvements are necessary because overall efficacy is low. Insights on
CBT components and contextual and structural characteristics might increase the efficacy. The aim of our approach is to evaluate the efficacy of CBT
for youth with depression and investigate the influence of specific components, contextual and structural factors that could improve effects.
\rMETHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted, searches were undertaken in CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed and
PsycINFO. Outcomes were meta-analyzed and confidence in results was assessed using the GRADE-method. Meta-regression was used to pinpoint components
or other factors that were associated with an in- or decrease of effects of CBT.\rRESULTS: We included 31 trials with 4335 participants. Moderate-
quality evidence was found for CBT reducing depressive symptoms at the end of treatment and at follow-up, and CBT as indicated prevention resulted in
63% less risk of being depressed at follow-up. CBT containing a combination of behavioral activation and challenging thoughts component (as part of
cognitive restructuring) or the involvement of caregiver(s) in intervention were associated with better outcomes for youth on the long term.
\rCONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that CBT is effective for youth with a (subclinical) depression. Our analyses show that effects might improve when
CBT contains the components behavioral activation and challenging thoughts and also when the caregiver(s) are involved. However, the influential
effects of these three moderators should be further tested in RCTs.
European Psychiatry, 57 : 33-45
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Ahmadi, K., Hazrati, M., Ahmadizadeh, M., Noohi,
S.
Objective: Not perceiving circadian shifts of sunlight due to living in enclosed environments may have deleterious
effects on mental health and plasma parameters. This study aimed to determine the effect of dim regulation on the submarine personnel of Iranian Navy
forces by radiating devices according to natural circadian sunlight shifts. Also, this study aimed to investigate the impact of mimicking sunlight
circadian by artificial radiance luminating devices on the serological and psychological measures of submarine personnel. Method(s): Participants
were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups in this non-randomized controlled trial. There were 26 participants in each group, and they
were all male aged 21-29 years. Both groups were living in the submarine underground hall, with 120 meters 2 area with constant radiance with the
same intensity. The experimental group had been given extra lighting devices with changing radiance intensity according to the natural sunlight
circadian cycles. Plasma melatonin levels and depression and anxiety scores were determined before and after the experiment for both groups.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Cattell's Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (IPAT) were used to measure depression and anxiety,
respectively. Result(s): Findings indicate that the plasma melatonin levels (-16.2+/-13.6 vs 8.0+/-9.3 mg/dL, respectively; p<0.001), depression
scores (-6+/-6 vs 3.9+/-5.4, respectively; p<0.001), and anxiety scores (-1+/-1.2 vs 0.73+/-1.04, respectively; p<0.001) significantly reduced in the
experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion(s): Using radiance dimmers, with a radiance intensity regularity according to the
sunlight, is effective in improving psychiatric and plasma parameters and can be used in closed occupational environments such as underground
environments and submarine halls. Copyright © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 14(2) : 147-
153
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Bright light therapy
Vrijsen, J. N., Dainer-Best, J., Witcraft, S. M., Papini,
S., Hertel, P., Beevers, C. G., Becker, E. S., Smits, J. A. J.
Memory bias is a risk factor for depression. In two independent studies, the efficacy of one CBM-Memory session on negative memory
bias and depressive symptoms was tested in vulnerable samples. We compared positive to neutral (control) CBM-Memory trainings in highly-ruminating
individuals (N = 101) and individuals with elevated depressive symptoms (N = 100). In both studies, participants studied positive, neutral, and
negative Swahili words paired with their translations. In five study-test blocks, they were then prompted to retrieve either only the positive or
neutral translations. Immediately following the training and one week later, we tested cued recall of all translations and autobiographical memory
bias; and also measured mood, depressive symptoms, and rumination. Retrieval practice resulted in training-congruent recall both immediately after
and one week after the training. Overall, there was no differential decrease in symptoms or difference in autobiographical memory bias between the
training conditions. In the dysphoric but not in the high-ruminating sample, the positive training resulted in positive autobiographical bias only in
dysphoric individuals with positive pre-existing bias. We conclude that one session of positive retrieval-based CBM-Memory may not be enough to yield
symptom change and affect autobiographical memory bias in vulnerable individuals. Copyright © 2018, © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK
Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Cognition and Emotion, 33(2) : 288-
304
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Attention/cognitive bias
modification
Calvete, E., Fernandez-Gonzalez, L., Orue, I., Echezarraga, A., Royuela-Colomer,
E., Cortazar, N., Muga, J., Longa, M., Yeager, D. S.
Interest is increasing in developing universal interventions to prevent depression in adolescents that are brief enough to be
scaled up. The aim of this study was to test the effects on depressive symptoms, cognitive schemas, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hormones
of an intervention focused on teaching an element of an incremental theory of personality, namely, the belief that people can change. We also
examined whether grade level moderated the effects of the intervention. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted with 867 Spanish
adolescent participants (51.9% boys, Grades 8-10) randomly assigned to an incremental theory intervention (n=456) or an educational control
intervention (n=411). The adolescents completed measures of depressive symptoms and negative cognitive schemas at pretest, at 6-month follow-up, and
at 12-month follow-up. A subsample of 503 adolescents provided salivary samples for cortisol and DHEA-S testing. In 8th grade, adolescents who
received the incremental theory intervention displayed a greater decrease in depressive symptoms and cognitive schemas and a lower increase in DHEA-
S. Moreover, in adolescents who received the intervention, the rate of adolescents with high depression scores decreased by almost 18% whereas in the
control group, the rate increased by 37%. Surprisingly, the effects of the intervention were in the opposite direction among adolescents in 9th
grade. These data indicate that a brief universal intervention could prevent depressive symptoms under some conditions, but developmental
characteristics can moderate the effectiveness of this approach.
Journal of abnormal child
psychology., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
Carpena, M. X., Tavares, P. D. S., Menezes, C. B.
Background: Evidence shows high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among university students. This study
investigated whether a meditation-based program would help reducing these symptoms in this population. Method(s): Non-randomized controlled trial
investigating the effects of a six-week focused meditation training on depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory)
outcomes among university students. Participants were allocated into a meditation or waiting list control group. Assessment occurred pre and post
intervention and only for the meditation group at 6 and 12 months follow-up. General linear model for repeated measures evaluated the intervention
effect considering group and time factors, controlling for minor psychiatric disorders, gender and absence at meetings. Result(s): The meditation
group presented a reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms after intervention compared to controls. Among the meditation group, depression (at 6
months follow-up) and anxiety (at 6 and 12 months follow-up) scores were lower for those who continued practicing. Limitation(s): Non-randomization
and absence of daily practice record (precluding dose-response gradient evaluation). Conclusion(s): The meditation training was effective in reducing
depression and anxiety symptoms, but the maintanance of these reductions only occurred for those who continued meditating. Permanent meditation
programs may be an alternative for promoting mental health for university students. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Journal of Affective
Disorders, 246 : 401-407
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Meditation
Morgan, A. J., Fischer, J. A. A., Hart, L. M., Kelly, C. M., Kitchener, B. A., Reavley, N. J., Yap, M. B. H., Cvetkovski, S., Jorm, A. F.
Background: There is well-established evidence that Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training improves
knowledge about how to support someone developing a mental health problem, but less evidence that this support improves the mental health of the
recipient of aid. This randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the long-term effects of MHFA training of parents on the mental health of their
adolescent children. Method(s): 384 Australian parents of an adolescent aged 12-15 were randomised to receive either the 14-h Youth MHFA course or
the 15-h Australian Red Cross Provide First Aid course. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up in both parents and
adolescents. Primary outcomes were cases of adolescent mental health problems, and parental support towards their adolescent if they developed a
mental health problem, rated by the parent and adolescent. Secondary outcomes included parent knowledge about mental health problems, intentions and
confidence in supporting a young person, stigmatizing attitudes, and help-seeking for mental health problems. Result(s): Parent and adolescent
reports showed no significant difference between training groups in the proportion of cases of adolescents with a mental health problem over time (ps
>.05). There was also no significant difference between training groups in the quality of parental support provided to their adolescent at 1- or 2-
year follow-up (ps >.05). In contrast, some secondary outcomes showed benefits from the Youth MHFA training relative to the control, with increased
parental knowledge about mental health problems at 1-year (d = 0.43) and 2-year follow-up (d = 0.26), and increased confidence to help a young person
(d = 0.26) and intentions to provide effective support (d = 0.22) at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion(s): The study showed some improvements in mental
health literacy in training recipients, but could not detect changes in the mental health of adolescents and the support provided to them by their
parents if they had a mental health problem. However, there was a lack of power to detect primary outcome effects and therefore the question of
whether MHFA training leads to better outcomes in the recipients of aid remains to be further explored. Trial registration: ACTRN12612000390886,
registered retrospectively 5/4/2012. Copyright © 2019 The Author(s).
BMC Psychiatry, 19 (1) (no
pagination)(99) :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation
Bruijniks, S. J. E., Los, S.
A., Huibers, M. J. H.
Experimental studies that
manipulate treatment procedures to investigate their direct effects on treatment processes and outcomes are necessary to find out the effective
elements and improve the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression. The present study randomized mildly to severely depressed
participants into a procedure focused on cognitive therapy skill acquisition (CTSA; n = 27) or a control procedure focused on being exposed to
theories of automatic thinking (n = 25) and investigated the direct effects on cognitive therapy (CT) skill use, credibility of idiosyncratic
dysfunctional beliefs and strength of emotions. After the procedure, participants were exposed to a sad mood induction and given an assignment to
test their CT skills. Participants who received the CTSA procedure used more CT skills compared to participants that received the control procedure,
but there were no differences between conditions in the decrease of the credibility of idiosyncratic dysfunctional beliefs and strength of emotions.
However, in participants with mild levels of depression, those who underwent the CTSA procedure showed larger decrease in the credibility of their
most malleable belief (i.e. mostly automatic negative thoughts) compared to those who received the control procedure, but the significance of these
findings disappeared when controlling for differences in ratings of the procedures. Future experimental studies should focus on the effects of CT
skill training in the long term, the dose of the procedure and individual patient differences to find out under what circumstances the use of CT
skills can lead to a reduction in dysfunctional thinking and subsequent symptoms of depression. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Journal of
Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Skills training
Gunlicks-Stoessel, M., Mufson, L., Bernstein,
G., Westervelt, A., Reigstad, K., Klimes-Dougan, B., Cullen, K., Murray, A., Vock, D.
Objective: Practice parameters recommend systematic assessment of depression symptoms over the course of
treatment to inform treatment planning; however, there are currently no guidelines regarding how to use symptom monitoring to guide treatment
decisions for psychotherapy. The current study compared two time points (week 4 and week 8) for assessing symptoms during interpersonal psychotherapy
for depressed adolescents (IPT-A) and explored four algorithms that use the symptom assessments to select the subsequent treatment. Method: Forty
adolescents (aged 12-17 years) with a depression diagnosis began IPT-A with an initial treatment plan of 12 sessions delivered over 16 weeks.
Adolescents were randomized to a week 4 or week 8 decision point for considering a change in treatment. Insufficient responders at either time point
were randomized a second time to increased frequency of IPT-A (twice per week) or addition of fluoxetine. Measures were administered at baseline and
weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16. Results: The week 4 decision point for assessing response and implementing treatment augmentation for insufficient responders
was more efficacious for reducing depression symptoms than the week 8 decision point. There were significant differences between algorithms in
depression and psychosocial functioning outcomes. Conclusion: Therapists implementing IPT-A should routinely monitor depression symptoms and consider
augmenting treatment for insufficient responders as early as week 4 of treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 58(1) : 80-91
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Interpersonal therapy (IPT), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions