Disorders - depressive disorders
Zadeh, A. R., Eghbal, A. F., Mirghazanfari, S. M., Ghasemzadeh, M. R., Nassireslami, E., Donyavi, V.
Background: Here, we aimed to investigate
the therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa extract on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and depression score in patients with depression.
Material(s) and Method(s): This clinical trial was performed in 2021 in the hospitals of military forces in Tehran on 52 male patients with major
depressive disorder treated with sertraline. We used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire to assess the
patients. Serum BDNF levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were then divided into two groups receiving 1000 mg N.
sativa oil extract, daily, and placebo. Both groups received sertraline for at least 3 months. DASS-21 questionnaire and serum BDNF levels were
measured after 10 weeks. Result(s): After treatments, we observed significantly decreased DASS-21 score (-11.24 +/- 5.69) in the intervention group
(P < 0.001) and placebo (-2.72 +/- 6.19, P = 0.032), but patients in the intervention group had significantly lower scores (50.1 +/- 6.8 vs. 58.2 +/-
5.6, respectively, P < 0.001). Furthermore, patients in the intervention group had significantly decreased depression score (-5.5 +/- 2.47, P <
0.001) and lower scores compared to the placebo (P < 0.001) (18.6 +/- 2.7 vs. 23.4 +/- 2.1 in intervention and placebo, respectively). We also
observed significantly increased BDNF levels in the intervention group after the treatments (6.08 +/- 3.76, P < 0.001) compared to the placebo group
(29.4 +/- 3.6 vs. 24.9 +/- 2.1, P < 0.001). Serum BDNF levels had also significant reverse correlations with DASS-21 score (r = -0.35, P = 0.011) and
depression score (r = -0.45, P = 0.001). Conclusion(s): The use of N. sativa resulted in decreased depression score and increase in serum BDNF levels
that indicate the importance and efficacy of this drug. Copyright © 2022 Journal of Education and Health Promotion Published by Wolters Kluwer -
Medknow.
, 27(1) : 28
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Homeopathic, plant-based medicines
Yu, S. C., Chang, C. W.
Positive interventions (PIs) that are based on the
theory of positive psychology have proven to be effective in improving well-being and alleviating depression. However, little research has explored
the effect of dosing intervals on experimental effects. As such, this study designed strength-based PIs using cognitive reframing theory and compared
flexible and fixed dosing intervals to find out which one could more effectively reduce depression with equal total amounts of dosing. The 8-item
Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (8-item CES-D) and the Positive reframing scale (PRS) were adopted as research instruments. A
total of 193 Taiwanese college students were recruited as the research sample and they were randomly assigned to experimental Group A (fixed dosing
intervals), experimental Group B (flexible dosing intervals), and the Control Group. The research participants received 17-day interventions with
follow-up tests administered in the seventh week of the experiment. Ultimately, 157 participants completed the experiment. According to the ANCOVA
results, participants in experimental Group A showed significantly lower degrees of depression than those in the Control Group in both post-test and
follow-up stages and displayed greater effect size in the follow-up stage than in the post-test stage. The results indicated that the design of fixed
dosing intervals enabled the participants to effectively integrate reflections on reframing learned during PIs into their life. On the contrary,
participants in experimental Group B exhibited no significant difference in the degree of depression from those in the Control Group during either
the post-test or follow-up stage and manifested poorer effects in the follow-up stage than in the post-test stage. These results demonstrated that
fixed dosing intervals achieved better effects than flexible dosing intervals. Participants receiving fixed dosing intervals could more effectively
execute cognitive reframing and showed longer-lasting experimental effects, whereas participants using the design of flexible dosing intervals were
more prone to forget to implement PIs and attain less positive effects as a result.
International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health [Electronic
Resource], 19(15) : 28
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Positive
psychology
Yoga-Ratnam, K. K., Nik-Farid, N. D., Yakub, N. A., Dahlui, M.
Background: Mental health issues have become more prevalent among institutionalised adolescents.
Therefore an effective intervention programme is needed to improve their mental health. Objective(s): To evaluate the effectiveness of the Super
Skills for Life (SSL) programme in improving the mental wellbeing of institutionalised adolescents and determine the factors associated with their
mental wellbeing. Method(s): A quasi-experimental study involving 80 female institutionalised adolescents divided into intervention and control
groups was conducted. Intervention involved implementation of the SSL programme. The effectiveness of the programme was evaluated based on several
outcome parameters. Result(s): Factors including age, number of family members, perceived social support and self-esteem had significant correlations
with mental wellbeing of participants. The SSL programme significantly improved the anxiety and stress levels of participants. Conclusion(s): SSL
programme exclusively improves the mental wellbeing in institutionalised adolescents. Copyright © 2022 by the authors.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15)
(no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Yang, T., Guo, Y., Cheng, Y., Zhang, Y.
Background: The purpose of this study was to
systematically review the effectiveness of regular traditional Chinese fitness exercises on negative emotions and sleep disorders in college
students, and to provide evidence-based evidence and new ideas for the negative emotions and sleep disorders among the college students.\rMethods: A
systematic search using 5 English (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library) and 4 Chinese (CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBM) databases
were initiated to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the effect of traditional Chinese fitness exercises on negative emotions and
sleep disorders among college students. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to determine the pooled
effect of the intervention. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality and the data were analyzed with
Review Manager 5.4.\rResults: A total of 12 RCTs were included, including 1,052 subjects. The results showed a potential beneficial effect of
traditional Chinese fitness exercises on reducing depression [SMD = -0.93, 95 %CI (-1.76, -0. 10)], anxiety [SMD = -0.74, 95%CI (-0.93, -0.54)], and
the sleep disorders [SMD = -2.77, 95%CI (-4.57, -0.97)] symptoms, and these effects were better than in the control group.\rConclusion: The findings
of this review suggested the traditional Chinese fitness exercises could improve both the negative moods and sleep disorders compared with that of
healthy students, the effect on college students with mild to moderate psychological symptoms was obviously improved. The SCL-90 scale is better than
the SDS scale in evaluating the improvement effect of traditional Chinese fitness exercises on depression. It was the best intervention program on
negative emotions and sleep disorders among college students, with the intervention lasting 5 sessions per week for 30-60 min/session for over 12
weeks.
, 13 : 908041
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
Yang, P., Yang, H., Cao, Y., Yang, X., He, B.
Mental health problems are common during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Previous studies reported that
rhythmic music plus aerobic exercise can have a beneficial effect on emotional state. We examined whether the beneficial effect differed between
aerobic exercise interventions with or without rhythmic music. A sample of 94 college students who either had no depressive symptoms (n = 47) or
minimal depressive symptoms (n = 47) underwent 30-min interventions in a randomized and counterbalanced order: rest, rhythmic music, aerobic exercise
and aerobic exercise plus rhythmic music. Response time and accuracy of selective attention to positive and negative images were recorded using the
spatial cueing paradigm. Participants' heart rate during all conditions and perceived exertion after each condition were measured to clarify
physiological and perceptual responses, respectively. The results revealed that a multimodal intervention combining aerobic exercise and rhythmic
music had a significant facilitatory effect on attentional bias to positive emotional cues in minimal depressive participants (t = -2.336, p =
0.024), including less perceived exertion and higher heart rate after/during the intervention process. The single-modality intervention of aerobic
exercise had significant positive effects for individuals with no depressive symptoms (t = -2.510, p = 0.016). The multimodal intervention was more
effective than the single-modality intervention for individuals with minimal depressive symptoms, but the single-modality aerobic exercise
intervention was more effective for individuals with no depressive symptoms, providing new evidence for the specificity of the intervention effect
for people with different degrees of depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2022 Chengdu Sport University
Sports Medicine and Health Science, 4(4) : 267-274
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art, Physical activity, exercise
Yang, H., Guan, Y.
To examine the effect of positive rumination training on mental health and attentional bias, 32 college freshmen
with low level of mental health were recruited and assigned to the experimental and waitlist control groups, 16 participants in each group. The
experimental group received a 8-session group counseling with 2 h per session. Results showed that positive rumination increased while negative
rumination, depression and anxiety decreased significantly for the experimental group. For the waitlist control group, all these indicators did not
change significantly. The attention engagement in sad faces of the experimental group decreased significantly while other indicators of attentional
bias did not change. The results indicate that group positive rumination training can improve mental health. But further research is needed to
examine its effect on attentional bias. Copyright © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of
Springer Nature.
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 44(2) : 582-
589
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Yan, Y., Foong, A. M.
Background: At present, mental health education has become a key issue in education.
Because many young students have more or less certain negative psychological emotions, these emotions seriously affect the physical and mental health
of young students. China began to carry out mental health education for students in the 1980s, and now has accumulated a lot of valuable teaching
experience, but the research on the mental health problems of minority students is very few. Some studies show that there are significant differences
in the comparison of negative psychological problems among ethnic minority students. Generally, the mental health level of Han students is higher
than that of ethnic minority students. Nowadays, the development of society is faster and faster, and people are more and more competitive in life.
As the hope of the country in the future, teenagers' mental health problems are bound to receive special attention. Subjects and methods: In this
study, 380 primary and secondary school students in a city were selected by random sampling, including 120 minority students and 320 Han students.
After all subjects were randomly divided into groups, both experimental group and control group included 130 Han students and 60 minority students.
The experimental group was given singing combined with health education mode teaching, and the control group was given routine teaching. Before and
after teaching, the two groups were evaluated with the scales related to depression, alienation and well-being, and the differences in the scores of
ethnic minority students were analyzed. Result(s): In the increment of negative emotion, the increment of students' negative emotion score in the
experimental group is significantly lower than that in the control group. The main effect of participating in the experiment is significant, and the
national main effect is not significant. Whether to accept music teaching or not has no significant interaction effect with nationality. The
incremental differences of self-efficacy, somatization and interpersonal problems were not significant. In the lack of emotion, the main effect of
participating in the experiment is significant, and the national main effect is not significant. After chorus teaching, there was no difference in
the increment of the total score of loneliness between the two groups. The main effect of participating in the experiment was not significant, and
the national main effect was not significant. There is no significant interaction between acceptance of chorus teaching and nationality. Conclusion
(s): Chorus course can effectively promote the mental health level of ethnic minority primary school students, especially in reducing depression,
improving happiness and the love of music courses. Copyright © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia.
Psychiatria Danubina, 34(Supplement 4) : 1091-1095
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
Xin, R., Fitzpatrick, O. M., Ho-Lam-Lai, P., Weisz, J.
R., Price, M. A.
Asian American (AsA) youth comprise a large and fast-growing
proportion of the U. S. population. AsA youth have comparable and sometimes higher rates of mental health concerns compared to White youth, but are
significantly less likely to access mental health services. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was originally designed by and for White and Western
populations, but might provide clinical benefits for AsA youth because several CBT characteristics overlap with some AsA values (e.g., directive
therapeutic style; family involvement). Despite this promise, there has yet to be a synthesis of evidence on the effectiveness of CBT, either
culturally-adapted or non-adapted, for AsA youth. A systematic narrative review identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CBT conducted with
AsA youth. Electronic databases used included PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and ProQuest. Our search yielded 2,059 articles, of which, 8 RCTs
(386 participants) met inclusion criteria. Studies were heterogeneous across targeted problems (e.g., phobia, depression) and age (M = 8.4-22.1
years). Findings suggest that both culturally-adapted and non-adapted CBT (3 and 5 RCTs, respectively) were effective in reducing a range of
emotional and behavioral problems for AsA youth. The dearth of studies with AsA youth underscores the need for enhancing the cultural responsiveness
of clinical research and practice, as well as harnessing community-engaged methods to improve the accessibility and uptake of evidence-based mental
health services for AsA youth. Copyright © 2022 Society of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology.
Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 7(2) : 198-
212
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Specific
Phobia, Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders
(any), Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Xiang, Y., Cuijpers, P., Teng, T., Li, X., Fan, L., Liu, X., Jiang, Y., Du, K., Lin, J., Zhou, X., Xie, P.
Background: Although the clinical efficacy and safety of combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in the treatment of
depressive disorders in children and adolescents have been studied, the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to study the short-
term efficacy and acceptability of combined therapy for children and adolescents with depressive disorders. Methods: We conducted a systematic search
in multiple databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), up to 31 December 2020, that assessed the combination of pharmacotherapy and
psychotherapy against other active treatment options (pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy and placebo combined psychotherapy) in children and adolescents
( <= 18 years old) with depressive disorder. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020196701). Results: A total of 14 RCTs involving 1,325
patients were included. For the primary and secondary outcomes, there were no statistically significant differences between the compared
interventions in terms of remission (odds ratios [OR] = 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93 to 2.04), acceptability (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.72 to
1.38), efficacy (standardised mean differences = -0.07; 95% CI: -0.32 to 0.19), and suicidality (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.67 to 2.06). Limited evidence
showed that the combination of fluoxetine (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.29) or non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (non-SSRI) (OR = 2.46, 95%
CI: 1.06 to 5.72) with cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) was superior to other active treatment options. Most included trials were rated as 'some
concerns' in terms of risk of bias assessment. Conclusion: There is no evidence from the limited available data that all combined therapies are
superior to other active treatment options for the acute treatment of depressive disorder in children and adolescents. However, it showed that
fluoxetine or non-SSRI pharmacotherapies combined with CBT might be superior to other therapies in short-term. Mixed characteristics (e.g. age) and
small sample size of non-SSRI combined therapy may influence the generalisability of the results. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights
reserved)
BMC Psychiatry, 22 : ArtID 139
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Antidepressants
(any), Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Interpersonal therapy (IPT), Psychoeducation, Fish oil (Omega-3 fatty acids), Omega 3 fatty
acids (e.g. fish oil, flax oil)
Wu, L. C., Lien, Y.
W., Ju, Y. J.
Focused-distraction strategies are
commonly used for thought control, but their effectiveness in handling personal worries with different types of distractors has rarely been examined.
To examine this issue, 101 undergraduate and graduate students whose depression levels fell below mild depression were recruited (64.4% female, M
age = 20.27) and were randomly assigned to one of the three strategy conditions: 34 participants for the focused-breathing strategy (FBS),
34 for the focused-positive-distractor strategy (FPS), and 33 for the focused-neutral-distractor strategy (FNS). After a short introduction and
practice, they applied the assigned strategy during a 5-min worry control session to prevent thoughts regarding a recent worrying event. The number
of worry intrusions was measured using an online self-caught method. Participants rated their emotional states before and after the worry control
session. Their working memory capacities (WMCs) and depressive tendency were comparable across conditions. The results showed the FBS and FPS groups
exhibited fewer worry intrusions than did the FNS group. Furthermore, worry intrusions were negatively related to WMC for the FNS group but
independent of WMC for the other two. The above findings together indicate that the FBS and FPS are relatively effective and effortless methods for
reducing worry intrusions. Negative emotions decreased after the worry control session for all groups. However, decoupling of negative emotions from
worry intrusions was only observed for the FBS and FNS groups. Overall, FBS outperforms FPS and FNS in managing worries from the above aspects.
Several theoretical and practical implications of the study were discussed.
Current Psychology, : 1-
13
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Wickersham, A., Barack, T., Cross,
L., Downs, J.
BACKGROUND: Depression
and anxiety are major public health concerns among adolescents. Computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) has emerged as a potential
intervention, but its efficacy in adolescents remains unestablished.\rOBJECTIVE: This review aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze findings
on the efficacy of cCBT for the treatment of adolescent depression and anxiety.\rMETHODS: Embase, PsycINFO, and Ovid MEDLINE were systematically
searched for randomized controlled trials in English, which investigated the efficacy of cCBT for reducing self-reported depression or anxiety in
adolescents aged 11 to 19 years. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened for eligibility by 2 independent researchers (TB and LC). A random-
effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the effects of cCBT on depression and anxiety symptom scores compared with the control groups. Study
quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool.\rRESULTS: A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were eligible for
inclusion in this review, of which 13 (81%) were included in the meta-analysis. The quality of the studies was mixed, with 5 (31%) studies rated as
good overall, 2 (13%) rated as fair, and 9 (56%) rated as poor. Small but statistically significant effects of cCBT were detected, with cCBT
conditions showing lower symptom scores at follow-up compared with control conditions for both anxiety (standardized mean difference -0.21, 95% CI -
0.33 to -0.09; I2=36.2%) and depression (standardized mean difference -0.23, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.07; I2=59.5%). Secondary
analyses suggested that cCBT may be comparable with alternative, active interventions (such as face-to-face therapy or treatment as usual).
\rCONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis reinforces the efficacy of cCBT for the treatment of anxiety and depression and is the first to examine this
exclusively in adolescents. Future research could aim to identify the active components of these interventions toward optimizing their development
and increasing the feasibility and acceptability of cCBT in this age group.\rTRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019141941;
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=141941.
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(4) : e29842
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Webb, C. A., Swords, C. M., Lawrence, H. R., Hilt, L.
M.
Objective: Rumination heightens risk for depression and anxiety, which increase substantially during
adolescence. Smartphone apps offer a convenient and cost-effective means for adolescents to access mindfulness training, which may reduce rumination.
Despite their increasing popularity, it is unclear which adolescents benefit from mindfulness apps. Method(s): Adolescents (n = 152) with elevated
trait rumination were randomly assigned to 3 weeks of app-based mindfulness training or a mood-monitoring control. Multilevel models tested group
differences in state rumination change, assessed via ecological momentary assessment. Baseline adolescent characteristics were submitted to elastic
net regularization models to develop a \"Personalized Advantage Index\" indicating an individual's expected outcome from the mindfulness app
relative to the mood-monitoring control. Finally, we translated a predictive model (developed in an external sample) for personalized recommendations
of expected benefit from the mindfulness app. Result(s): Adolescents in the mindfulness app condition reported significantly greater reductions in
rumination than adolescents in the control condition. Individuals predicted to have better outcomes from the mindfulness app relative to mood
monitoring had significantly greater reductions in rumination if randomly assigned to the mindfulness condition. In contrast, between-condition
differences in outcome were not significant for adolescents predicted to have better outcomes in the mood-monitoring condition. Conclusion(s):
Findings support the efficacy of a mindfulness app to reduce state rumination in adolescents, particularly among adolescents high in trait
rumination. A predictive model is put forth, which could be used to objectively communicate expected mindfulness app outcomes to adolescents prior to
engagement in app-based mindfulness training. Copyright © 2022 American Psychological Association
Journal of Consulting and Clinical
Psychology, 90(9) : 655-669
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)