Disorders - Depressive Disorders
Ignaszewski, M. J., Waslick, B.
Objectives: Antidepressant treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) has been a topic of continued interest with a number of placebo
randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) being published in the past decade. We review the updated literature since the 2007 Bridge meta-analysis, and
reassess safety data looking at signals of treatment-emergent suicidality with the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSR-S). Method(s): PubMed
literature review was performed searching for RCTs published since the 2007 article and supplemented with manual search. Result(s): Findings from
seven trials (five industry sponsored, one NIMH funded, and one other) were included in this systematic review, which showed high medication and
placebo response rates, with only fluoxetine and escitalopram treatment reaching statistical significance. Fluoxetine was also shown to prevent
relapse of MDD with continued treatment with an odds ratio of 3.2 for prevention of relapse compared with placebo. There were no increases in
treatment-emergent suicidality associated with antidepressant medication in any trial measuring suicidality systematically using the CSSR-S.
Conclusion(s): Depressed pediatric patients respond similarly in these trials to antidepressant intervention and placebo, with recent studies showing
that newer agents did not clearly demonstrate benefit above placebo. The evidence continues to support fluoxetine and escitalopram as first-line
treatment and demonstrated effect to prevent relapse. Use of newer rating scales reveals similar rates of treatment-emergent suicidality in patients
on antidepressants as placebo, in contrast to increased suicide signal suggested by past research using adverse events data. Antidepressant treatment
is generally safe and well tolerated in this age group. Copyright © 2018 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.
Journal of Child and Adolescent
Psychopharmacology, 28(10) : 668-675
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), Relapse prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Antidepressants
(any)
Brown, C. H., Brincks, A., Huang, S., Perrino, T., Cruden, G., Pantin, H., Howe, G., Young, J.
F., Beardslee, W., Montag, S., Sandler, I.
This paper presents the first findings of an
integrative data analysis of individual-level data from 19 adolescent depression prevention trials (n=5210) involving nine distinct interventions
across 2 years post-randomization. In separate papers, several interventions have been found to decrease the risk of depressive disorders or elevated
depressive/internalizing symptoms among youth. One type of intervention specifically targets youth without a depressive disorder who are at risk due
to elevated depressive symptoms and/or having a parent with a depressive disorder. A second type of intervention targets two broad domains:
prevention of problem behaviors, which we define as drug use/abuse, sexual risk behaviors, conduct disorder, or other externalizing problems, and
general mental health. Most of these latter interventions improve parenting or family factors. We examined the shared and unique effects of these
interventions by level of baseline youth depressive symptoms, sociodemographic characteristics of the youth (age, sex, parent education, and family
income), type of intervention, and mode of intervention delivery to the youth, parent(s), or both. We harmonized eight different measures of
depression utilized across these trials and used growth models to evaluate intervention impact over 2 years. We found a significant overall effect of
these interventions on reducing depressive symptoms over 2 years and a stronger impact among those interventions that targeted depression
specifically rather than problem behaviors or general mental health, especially when baseline symptoms were high. Implications for improving
population-level impact are discussed.
Prevention Science, 19(Supplement 1) : 74-
94
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Lowden, A., Ozturk, G., Moreno, C.
Objectives/Introduction: Sleep complaints and lowered mood states are frequently reported in adolescence, November was marked as the
worst month for mood and fatigue in a previous questionnaire study. The aim of this study was to treat depressive symptoms by use of light goggles
during the Scandinavian dark winter period. Method(s): In an intervention study, high school students (15- 20 years; 52% boys) answered a question on
willingness to try light goggles (Luminette) in the morning to improve health. For 2 weeks 60 invited students with moderate or high depression
scores on the depression scale (HAD-D6) wore glasses during 20 min in the morning before going to school and at weekends. Subjects were randomized to
either a white light condition (=1,000 lux) or red light condition. Subjects were questioned before and after treatment and a repeated mixed model
analysis was performed using condition (before/ after) and light (white/red) as factors. Result(s): Compliance to treatment was very good according
to daily logs. In total 50 students fulfilled the protocol. Effects of white and red light did not yield significant differences. General improvement
on the depression scale (HAD-D6) was 26% (p < 0.001) 7.3% on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (p < 0.006), insomnia index 16% (Karolinska Sleep
Questionnaire, p < 0.013) and increased morningness (Diurnal Type Scale) 5.5%. After treatment 42% of the students would recommend use of light
goggles to peers and 37% would partly do so 2% disagreed with goggle use. The lack of difference between white and red diods might be explained by
placebo induced effects or by the strength of direct lighting effects on pathways signaling to mood regulating brain areas. Conclusion(s): The study
demonstrated that at a season were very little daylight is obtained traveling to school, use of goggles reduces symptoms of depression and has mild
positive effects on insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness and promotes morningness.
Journal of Sleep
Research, 27 (Supplement 1) : 347-348
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Bright light therapy
Ajilchi, B., Kisely, S., Nejati, V., Frederickson, J.
Background: Social cognition is commonly affected in psychiatric disorders and is a determinant of quality of life. However, there are
few studies of treatment. Objective: To investigate the efficacy of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on social cognition in major
depression. Method: This study used a parallel group randomized control design to compare pre-test and post-test social cognition scores between
depressed participants receiving ISTDP and those allocated to a wait-list control group. Participants were adults (19-40 years of age) who were
diagnosed with depression. We recruited 32 individuals, with 16 participants allocated to the ISTDP and control groups, respectively. Both groups
were similar in terms of age, sex and educational level. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) demonstrated that the intervention was
effective in terms of the total score of social cognition: the experimental group had a significant increase in the post-test compared to the control
group. In addition, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in the negative subjective score compared to the control group as well as
an improvement in response to positive neutral and negative states. Conclusion: Depressed patients receiving ISTDP show a significant improvement in
social cognition post treatment compared to a wait-list control group. Copyright © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Journal of Mental Health, : 1-5
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Atkinson, S., Lubaczewski, S., Ramaker, S., England, R. D., Wajsbrot, D. B., Abbas, R., Findling, R. L.
Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety
of desvenlafaxine versus placebo in the treatment of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Outpatient children (7-
11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years) who met DSM-IV-TR criteria for MDD and had screening and baseline Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised
(CDRS-R) total scores >40 were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of treatment with placebo, low exposure desvenlafaxine (20, 30, or 35 mg/day based on
baseline weight), or higher exposure desvenlafaxine (25, 35, or 50 mg/day based on baseline weight). The primary efficacy endpoint was change from
baseline in CDRS-R total score at week 8, analyzed using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures. Secondary efficacy assessments included
Clinical Global Impressions-Severity and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scales. Safety assessments included adverse events and the
Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Results: The safety population included 363 patients (children, n = 109; adolescents, n = 254). No
statistical separation from placebo was observed for either desvenlafaxine group for CDRS-R total score or for any secondary efficacy endpoint. At
week 8, adjusted mean (standard error) changes from baseline in CDRS-R total score for the desvenlafaxine low exposure, desvenlafaxine high exposure,
and placebo groups were -23.7 (1.1), -24.4 (1.1), and -22.9 (1.1), respectively. The incidence of adverse events was similar among groups.
Conclusion: Low and high exposure desvenlafaxine groups did not demonstrate efficacy for the treatment of MDD in children and adolescents in this
double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Desvenlafaxine (20-50 mg/day) was generally safe and well tolerated with no new safety signals identified in
pediatric patients with MDD in this study. Copyright © Sarah Atkinson et al. 2017; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 28(1) : 55-
65
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
(SNRIs), Antidepressants
(any)
Bevan-Jones, R., Stone, Z., Thapar, A., Jones,
I., Smith, D., Simpson, S.
Background: Adolescent depression is common
and leads to distress and impairment for individuals/families. Treatment/prevention guidelines stress the need for good information and evidence-
based psychosocial interventions. There has been growing interest in psychoeducational interventions (PIs), which broadly deliver accurate
information about health issues and self-management. Objective, methods: Systematic search of targeted PIs as part of prevention/management
approaches for adolescent depression. Searches were undertaken independently in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, guidelines, reviews (including Cochrane),
and reference lists. Key authors were contacted. No restrictions regarding publishing dates. Results: Fifteen studies were included: seven targeted
adolescents with depression/depressive symptoms, eight targeted adolescents 'at risk' e.g. with a family history of depression. Most involved
family/group programmes; others included individual, school-based and online approaches. PIs may affect understanding of depression, identification
of symptoms, communication, engagement, and mental health outcomes. Conclusion, practice implications: PIs can have a role in preventing/managing
adolescent depression, as a first-line or adjunctive approach. The limited number of studies, heterogeneity in formats and evaluation, and
inconsistent approach to defining PI, make it difficult to compare programmes and measure overall effectiveness. Further work needs to establish an
agreed definition of PI, develop/evaluate PIs in line with frameworks for complex interventions, and analyse their active components. Copyright ©
2017 The Authors
Patient Education and
Counseling, 101(5) : 804-816
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation
Bowers, B., Flory, R., Ametepe,
J., Staley, L., Patrick, A., Carrington, H.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of 30 or 60 min of daily exposure to high-density or to zero-density (placebo condition) negative air
ions over 18 days on the symptoms of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in 40 participants under controlled laboratory conditions. Exposure to high-
density negative air ions was superior to zero-density negative air ions in alleviating depression and the atypical symptoms of SAD. Also, more
subjects in the high-density negative air ions groups met two different clinical response criteria than did those in the zero-density groups. Within
the high density treatment group, both the short and long daily exposure reduced SAD symptoms. Exposure to negative air ions produced no negative
side effects, and no ozone was produced by the ion generators. In both the high-density negative air ions and zero-density negative air ions groups,
a significant placebo effect was found for most clinical measures. Finally, for the high-density negative air ion groups, subjects with a morningness
chronotype responded better to treatment with high-density negative air ions than did those with an eveningness chronotype. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier
B.V.
Psychiatry Research, 259 : 7-14
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Kim, S., Kim,
H., Lee, H., Noh, D.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of a brief stress management
intervention on depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and aggression among Korean male college students.\rDESIGN AND METHODS: In a repeated
measures design, participants were assessed before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention. Data of 40 experimental and 32 control
participants were analyzed using linear mixed models.\rFINDINGS: There were significant time-by-group interaction effects for depression and trait
anxiety, but not for state anxiety, suicidal ideation, and aggression.\rPRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The intervention has long-term effects for depression
and trait anxiety. Future research should involve a randomized controlled trial on a larger scale.
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 54(1) : 88-94
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Wang, Z., Chen, C.
At present, the probability of criminal cases in our country is on the rise, which
has a great relationship with the lack of mental health intervention. Therefore, the use of ideological and political education for students' mental
health intervention and evaluation was proposed. In this paper, the concept and function of mental health education and ideological and political
education were expounded in detail, and then a two-month experiment on ideological and political education was carried out in 2016 freshmen of S
University. Experiments were carried out by using experiments such as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7),
Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS), mini version international psychiatric interview (M.I.N.I), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating
Depression Scale (SDS) and Irrational Beliefs Scale (IBS). Before and after the intervention of SDS, the total score of intervention group were
significantly different from control group (t=3.84, P<0.05; t=-3.26, P<0.05). Before and after the intervention of IBS, there was no significant
difference between the total score of the intervention group and the control group. (t=1.86, P>0.05; t=0.20, P>0.05). The intervention of Ideological
and political education has an effect on students' depression. Copyright © 2018, Scientific Publishers of India. All rights reserved.
Biomedical Research (India), 29(6) : 1244-
1249
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Zainaldeen, M. H., Hasan, N. E., Ahmed-Ali, F. A. H., Altahoo, H. S., Rashid-Doubell, F., Fredericks, S.
Juggling-exposure therapy has been employed in
the management of anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, there is little evidence of the effectiveness of juggling-exposure in
improving emotional states in subclinical conditions. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a course of juggling on emotional states, sleep
quality and blood pressure among medical students at a critical stage of their academic training. Blood pressure, psychometric and quality of sleep
assessments were performed pre- and post-examination period for two groups of students: juggling-exposed (n = 9) and non-juggling-exposed (n = 11).
Juggling exposure consisted of practice-drills for one hour per week during the period spanning the student's scheduled exams. Comparisons were made
between quantitative measures that were collected pre- and post-the course of juggling drills. Differences in scores and measures were expressed as
percentage-change and compared between non-juggling and juggling groups. Overall, there was a decrease in depression and anxiety scores between the
pre-to post-exam periods. This decrease was statistically significant for both non-juggling and juggling groups with respect to anxiety, but only the
juggling-exposed group had a significant reduction regarding depression scores. However, when calculated as percentage-change over the pre-to post-
exam period, there was no significant difference in any of the parameters for either of the two groups. Practicing juggling drills had an influence
on emotional states.
Complementary
Therapies in Clinical Practice, 30 : 64-67
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Caldwell, Y. T., Steffen, P.
R.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a significant marker of health outcomes with decreased HRV predicting
increased disease risk. HRV is decreased in major depressive disorder (MDD) but existing treatments for depression do not return heart rate
variability to normal levels even with successful treatment of depression. Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) increases heart rate variability
but no studies to date have examined whether combining HRVB with psychotherapy improves outcome in MDD treatment. The present study used a randomized
controlled design to compare the effects of HRVB combined with psychotherapy on MDD relative to a psychotherapy treatment as usual group and to a
non-depressed control group. The HRVB + psychotherapy group showed a larger increase in HRV and a larger decrease in depressive symptoms relative to
the other groups over a six-week period, whereas the psychotherapy group only did not improve HRV. Results support the supplementation of
psychotherapy with HRVB in the treatment of MDD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 131 : 96-
101
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Biofeedback, neurofeedback, audio/video feedback
Chen, C. Y.
Objectives: To explore the intervention
effect of group intervention on depression of urban college students and explore the methods of group training in colleges and universities. Methods:
In the study, 40 students with depression were selected as subjects, and they were divided into observation group and control group randomly. 49D
cognitive coping group training and psychological intervention were carried out for the students in the observation group, and the normal training
was taken in the control group. The intervention effects of three kinds of measuring tools, SDS, ASQ and SCSQ were compared to 7d college students
before and after intervention. After six months, the SDS self-assessment scale was used to measure the return visit. Results: There was no
significant difference in depression score between the observation group and the control group before intervention (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Group
intervention on depression of urban college students can obviously improve their depression and promote their mental health. Therefore, it should be
actively carried out.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 122 (Supplement 2) : 17-
18
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions