Disorders - depressive disorders
Davey, C. G., Hetrick, S., Chanen, A. M., Cotton, S. M., Ratheesh, A., Amminger, G. P., Koutsogiannis, J., Phelan, M., Mullen, E., Harrison,
B. J., Rice, S., Williams, A., Kerr, M., Quinn, A. L., Baird, S., Ferguson, N., Brodie,
R., Incerti, L., Dean, O. M., McGorry, P.D., Berk, M.
Background & aims: The effectiveness and safety of antidepressant medications for young people with depression has been
contested. In particular, it is not clear whether medication should be added to CBT as first-line treatment for youth depression. The aim of the
Youth Depression Alleviation-Combined Treatment (YoDA-C) trial was to determine whether fluoxetine was more effective than placebo when added to CBT
for young people with depression. Method(s): The trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre clinical trial. Participants
were 15-to 25-year-olds with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, and were randomised to receive either fluoxetine 20-40 mg (CBT+FLX, n =
76) or a matching placebo pill (CBT+PBO, n = 77). All participants attended weekly CBT sessions for 12 weeks. Our primary outcome measure was change
in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) from baseline to 12 weeks. Result(s): There were no significant differences between groups
for change in MADRS scores or for change in self-reported depressive symptoms, measured with the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomatology (QIDS).
There was, however, evidence of a greater reduction in anxiety symptoms in the CBT+FLX group compared to the CBT+PBO group, as measured by the
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD7). Subgroup analysis of participants under the age of 18 showed no evidence of between-group
differences on the measures. For participants 18 and older, however, those in the CBT+FLX group showed evidence of greater reduction in MADRS, QIDS,
and GAD7 scores than participants in the CBT+PBO group. Conclusion(s): There is no evidence to support the addition of fluoxetine to CBT as first-
line treatment for young people with moderate-to-severe depression. This is particularly so for participants under the age of 18. There is some
evidence that the addition of medication might be helpful for co-morbid anxiety symptoms, and for older youth.
Bipolar
Disorders, 21 (Supplement 1) : 13
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Calear, A. L.
Objectives: This presentation will test the effectiveness of 2 universal online, self-directed CBT
programs in preventing and reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in an adolescent school-based population. Method(s): Two cluster RCTs were
conducted. In the first trial (n = 1477), the MoodGYM program was compared with a wait-list control condition and delivered over 5 weeks to
adolescents aged 12-17 years. The second trial (n = 540) was also implemented over 5 weeks to adolescents aged 15-16 years, evaluating SPARX-R
against an attention control condition. Both trials measured depressive and anxiety symptom outcomes at preintervention, postintervention, and at 6
months follow-up and were analyzed using mixed-model repeated measure intention-to-treat approaches. Result(s): At postintervention and 6 months
follow-up, the MoodGYM program was found to have a significant effect on anxiety for both males and females (Cohen's d = 0.15-0.25) and on
depression for males only (d = 0.27-0.43). The SPARX-R program had a significant effect on depression, but not anxiety, at postintervention and at 6
months follow-up (d = 0.13-0.29). Greater adherence to the MoodGYM program was indicative of stronger intervention effects, with improved adherence
associated with being in year 9 (ages 14-15 years), living in a rural location, and/or having higher preintervention levels of depressive symptoms or
self-esteem. Conclusion(s): Although small to moderate, the effects obtained in the current studies provide support for the use of universal online
prevention programs for depression in schools. Future research into methods to increase adherence and engagement with online programs is needed. DDD,
TVM, CBT Copyright © 2018
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 57 (10
Supplement) : S35
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Tokolahi, E., Vandal, A. C., Kersten, P., Pearson, J., Hocking, C.
Background: The impact of
occupational therapy on mental health outcomes for children is largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate an evidence-based
occupational therapy intervention designed to increase participation in daily occupations to prevent symptoms of mental illness for children and run
in schools. Method(s): The study used a pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled trial design with two arms. Fourteen clusters (schools), equating to
151 child participants, were stratified by school decile-rank category and block randomised. Blinding of participants post-randomisation was not
feasible; however, outcomes assessors were blinded. Outcomes were measured at baseline, after the parallel and crossover phases, and at follow-up;
and were anxiety symptoms (primary), depression symptoms, self-esteem, participation and wellbeing. Intention-to-treat analysis was applied and mixed
linear modelling was used to account for clusters and repeated measures, and to adjust for covariates identified. Result(s): This trial found
significant positive effects of the intervention on child-rated satisfaction with their occupational performance and teacher-rated child anxiety. No
evidence was found to support the effect of the intervention on anxiety and depression symptoms, self-esteem and wellbeing. Conclusion(s): This was
the first known cluster-randomised controlled trial to investigate an occupational therapy intervention promoting emotional wellbeing in a non-
clinical sample of children. No compelling evidence was found to support the use of the intervention in schools in its current format, however,
results were promising that the focus on occupations influenced participation. Recommendations are made to redesign the intervention as an embedded
intervention in the classroom, cotaught by teachers and including parental involvement. Copyright © 2018 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental
Health
Child and Adolescent
Mental Health, 23(4) : 313-327
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Bettis, A. H., Forehand, R., Sterba, S. K., Preacher, K. J., Compas, B.
E.
The current study examined effects of a preventive intervention on patterns of change in symptoms of anxiety and
depression in a sample of children of depressed parents. Parents with a history of depression (N = 180) and their children (N = 242; 50% female; Mage
= 11.38; 74% Euro-American) enrolled in an intervention to prevent psychopathology in youth. Families were randomized to a family group cognitive
behavioral intervention (FGCB) or a written information (WI) control condition. Parents and youth completed the Child Behavior Checklist and Youth
Self Report at baseline, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month follow up. Youth in the FGCB intervention reported significantly greater declines in symptoms of
both anxiety and depression at 6, 12, and 18 months compared to youth in the WI condition. Youth with higher baseline levels of each symptom (e.g.,
anxiety) reported greater declines in the other symptom (e.g., depression) from 0 to 6 months in the FGCB intervention only. Changes in anxiety
symptoms from 0 to 6 months predicted different patterns of subsequent changes in depressive symptoms from 6 to 12 months for the two conditions,
such that declines in anxiety preceded and predicted greater declines in depression for FGCB youth but lesser increases in depression for WI youth.
Findings inform transdiagnostic approaches to preventive interventions for at-risk youth, suggesting that both initial symptom levels and initial
magnitude of change in symptoms are important to understand subsequent patterns of change in response to intervention.
Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent
Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 47(4) : 581-
594
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychoeducation, Skills training
Topooco, N., Berg, M., Johansson, S., Liljethorn, L., Radvogin, E., Vlaescu, G., Nordgren, L. B., Zetterqvist, M., Andersson, G.
Background Depression is a
major contributor to the burden of disease in the adolescent population. Internet-based interventions can increase access to treatment.Aims To
evaluate the efficacy of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (iCBT), including therapist chat communication, in treatment of adolescent
depression.Method Seventy adolescents, 15-19 years of age and presenting with depressive symptoms, were randomised to iCBT or attention control. The
primary outcome was the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II).Results Significant reductions in depressive symptoms were found, favouring iCBT over
the control condition (F(1,67) = 6.18, P < 0.05). The between-group effect size was Cohen's d = 0.71 (95% CI 0.22-1.19). A significantly higher
proportion of iCBT participants (42.4%) than controls (13.5%) showed a 50% decrease in BDI-II score post-treatment (P < 0.01). The improvement for
the iCBT group was maintained at 6 months.Conclusions The intervention appears to effectively reduce symptoms of depression in adolescents and may be
helpful in overcoming barriers to care among young people.Declaration of interest N.T. and G.A. designed the programme. N.T. authored the treatment
material. The web platform used for treatment is owned by Linkoping University and run on a non-for-profit basis. None of the authors receives any
income from the programme. Copyright © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2018.
BJPsych
Open, 4(4) : 199-207
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Saleh, D., Camart, N., Sbeira, F., Romo, L.
In
our research, we examined the efficacy of an Internet-based stress management program. Our interest in evaluating this type of intervention is based
on the increasing accessibility of the Internet today, the growth of Internet-based interventions for various psychopathological problems, and the
observation that despite the prevalence of stress among university students, only a fraction of students ever seek professional help. Methodology:
\"I'm managing my stress\" (\"Je gere mon stresse\"), an Internet-based self-help program composed of four sessions, was examined in this study. The
aforementioned program is based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and was inspired by the \"Funambule\" program in Quebec. Four questionnaires
(Perceived Stress Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Scale of Satisfaction in Studies, and General Health Questionnaire) uploaded online were
answered thrice: during \"preintervention\", \"postintervention\", and \"follow-up\" stages, the latter of which occurred three months after the
intervention. The sample comprised 128 university students, with the majority being women (81.25%). The subjects were divided randomly into two
groups (an experimental group and a control group that did not follow the program). Result(s): The self-esteem scores of the control group were
significantly higher than those of the experimental group at the preintervention stage, but this difference disappeared at the postintervention and
follow-up stages. There were also significantly lower scores on the General Health Questionnaire subfactors of somatic symptoms and anxiety/insomnia
in the experimental group than in the control group during the postintervention stage, though no differences were observed before the intervention.
These differences no longer remained after three months. ANOVA revealed significant effects of the intervention over time in the experimental group.
Effects were observed at both the postintervention and follow-up stages for self-esteem, perceived stress, satisfaction in studies, and in the
somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia and severe depression aspects of the General Health Questionnaire (Cohen's d = 0.38 to 4.58). In contrast, no
effects were observed in the control group. Conclusion(s): This type of Internet-based program has the ability to reach a large number of students
due to its rather short format and accessibility. It has already shown improvements in terms of the levels of perceived stress, psychological
distress and satisfaction with studies. The option of online interventions could appeal specifically to students who do not seek professional help.
However, even though these results are promising at the postintervention stage, they are limited, as indicated by the lack of significant differences
between the two groups after the initial three months of follow-up. We still, specifically, need to improve this intervention program and, generally,
need more research to address the methodological problems raised by this type of intervention. Copyright © 2018 Saleh et al. This is an open access
article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PLoS ONE, 13 (9) (no
pagination)(e0200997) :
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Self-help, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Gabbay, V., Freed, R. D., Alonso, C. M., Senger, S., Stadterman, J., Davison, B.
A., Klein, R. G.
Objective: Reports are mixed on the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), with
only limited data in adolescents. The present trial aimed to investigate systematically the efficacy of O3FA as a monotherapy, compared to a placebo,
in adolescents with MDD. Secondarily, we explored O3FA effects on anhedonia, irritability, and suicidality-all key features of adolescent MDD.
Method(s): Fifty-one psychotropic medication-free adolescents with DSM-IV-TR diagnoses of MDD (aged 12-19 years; 57% female) were randomized to
receive O3FA or a placebo for 10 weeks. Data were collected between January 2006 and June 2013. O3FA and a placebo were administered on a fixed-
flexible dose titration schedule based on clinical response and side effects. The initial dose of 1.2 g/d was increased 0.6 g/d every 2 weeks, up to
a maximum of 3.6 g/d. Clinician-rated and self-rated depression severity, along with treatment response, served as primary outcome measures.
Additionally, we examined O3FA effects on depression-related symptoms, including anhedonia, irritability, and suicidality. Treatment differences were
analyzed via intent-to-treat analyses. Result(s): O3FA were not superior to a placebo on any clinical feature, including depression severity and
levels of anhedonia, irritability, or suicidality. Additionally, response rates were comparable between treatment groups. Within-treatment analyses
indicated that both treatments were associated with significant improvement in depression severity on self- (O3FA: t= -4.38, P< .001; placebo: t= -
3.52, P= .002) and clinician (O3FA: t= -6.47, P< .001; placebo: t= -8.10, P< .001) ratings. Conclusion(s): In adolescents with MDD, O3FA do not
appear to be superior to placebo. © Copyright 2018 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 79 (4) (no
pagination)(17m11596) :
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm), Suicide or self-harm with comorbid mental disorder
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Fish oil (Omega-3 fatty acids), Omega 3 fatty
acids (e.g. fish oil, flax oil)
Amirzadegan, M., Ghahari, S., Asgharnejad
Farid, A. A.
Aims and context.- Child sexual
abuse is one of the most common psycho-social health problem which bring so many negative consequences for the child. The current study is aimed on
comparison the efficiency of play and narrative therapy on decreasing depression, anxiety and aggression of sexually abused children. Methodology.-
The current study is an experimental research along pre-test, post-test and a control group. The statistical group was included all the children
between 7 to 12 years old who visited Rooyesh Nahal Tehran Institute in 2017. Among this group, 45 victim children (sexually abused) were selected by
means of available sampling method and divided into the two experimental groups: 1- play therapy 2-narrative therapy, and one control group randomly
(Each group was included 15 people). Experimental groups was intervened by play and narrative therapy separately during 10 sessions, and control
group was put on the waiting list. Both groups filled these questionnaires at the baseline and after treatment: Children and Adolescent Depression
Scale (C.A.D.S), Multidimensional anxiety scale for children (M.A.S.C). The data analyzed through the descriptive and deductive statistical analysis
(covariance analysis. ANCOVA). Findings.- The results of multivariable covariance analysis were referred to a significant differences between two
experimental groups with the control group. The Comparison of experimental groups pointed that the narrative therapy in compare with play therapy had
more efficiency on decreasing the level of anxiety and aggression among sexually abused children (P < 0.05) while the play therapy was more effective
than narrative therapy in reducing depression of sexually abused children (P < 0.05). Conclusion.- Narrative therapy has more efficiency than the
play therapy on decreasing level of anxiety and aggression of sexually abused children, and play therapy is more effective than narrative therapy on
reducing depression of sexually abused children.
European Psychiatry, 48 (Supplement
1) : S143
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Narrative exposure therapy (NET)
Kreuze, L. J., Pijnenborg, G. H. M., de-Jonge, Y. B., Nauta, M. H.
Anxiety-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) effectively reduces anxiety in children and adolescents. An
important remaining question is to what extent anxiety-focused CBT also affects broader outcome domains. Additionally, it remains unclear whether
parental involvement in treatment may have impact on domains other than anxiety. A meta-analysis (nstudies = 42, nparticipants
= 3239) of the effects of CBT and the moderating role of parental involvement was conducted on the following major secondary outcomes: depressive
symptoms, externalizing behaviors, general functioning, and social competence. Randomized controlled trials were included when having a waitlist or
active control condition, a youth sample (aged<19) with a primary anxiety disorder diagnosis receiving anxiety-focused CBT and reported secondary
outcomes. Controlled effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated employing random effect models. CBT had a large effect on general functioning (-1.25
[-1.59;0.90], nstudies = 17), a small to moderate effect on depressive symptoms (-0.31[-0.41;-0.22], nstudies = 31) and a small
effect on externalizing behaviors (-0.23[-0.38;-0.09], nstudies = 12) from pre-to post-treatment. Effects remained or even further
improved at follow-up. Social competence only improved at follow-up (nstudies = 6). Concluding, anxiety-focused CBT has a positive effect
on broader outcome domains than just anxiety. Higher parental involvement seemed to have beneficial effects at follow-up, with improvements in
general functioning and comorbid symptoms. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 60 : 43-57
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Bentley, K. H., Boettcher, H., Bullis, J. R., Carl, J. R., Conklin, L. R., Sauer-Zavala, S., Pierre-Louis, C., Farchione,
T. J., Barlow, D.
H.
Cognitive-behavioral prevention programs have demonstrated efficacy in reducing subclinical symptoms of anxiety and depression, and there
is some evidence to suggest that they can lower the risk of future disorder onset. However, existing interventions tend to be relatively lengthy and
target specific disorders or problem areas, both of which limit their potential for widespread dissemination. To address these limitations, we aimed
to develop a single-session, transdiagnostic preventive intervention based on the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional
Disorders for young adults at risk for developing anxiety and/or depressive disorders within a college setting. Results from this proof-of-concept
study indicated that the intervention was viewed as highly satisfactory and acceptable. The intervention also was successful at delivering adaptive
emotion management skills in its 2-hr workshop format. Future studies evaluating the efficacy of this novel transdiagnostic, emotion-focused
prevention program are warranted.
Behavior Modification, 42(5) : 781-805
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Barrera, M., Atenafu, E., Nathan, P.C., Schulte, F., Hancock, K.
Objective: The objective of this study was to (1) assess the effects of a group intervention
called Siblings Coping Together on siblings' psychosocial adjustment compared with controls; (2) explore the potential moderating effect of
siblings' gender; and (3) investigate whether the intervention was more effective for siblings with more depressive symptoms at baseline. Methods:
This was a repeated measure, parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) with two groups. Seventy-five healthy siblings (7-16 years old, 41 males)
participated. Both groups had 8 weekly 2-hr sessions. Intervention sessions had psychoeducational, social, and therapeutic problem-solving goals
taught through games and crafts (n = 41); controls (n = 34) had games and crafts only. Self-reported symptoms of depression (Children's Depression
Inventory, CDI) and self- and proxy-reported quality of life (QOL) (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, PedsQL) were obtained at baseline,
postintervention, and 3 months later. Multivariable analyses with a mixed effects model were performed. Results: No significant main group effect or
group x time interactions were found for any of the scales assessed. Significant improvement over time was found for total CDI (p < .01) and proxy-
reported PedsQL total (p < .001) in both groups, which may have been attributable to the passage of time. Conclusions: No sufficient evidence was
obtained for the efficacy of the intervention in the current study. Future research may examine conducting a larger RCT comparing sibling support
group to no treatment control group. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 43(10) : 1093-1103
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Noh, D.
The effects of a resilience enhancement programme on resilience,
depression, anxiety, and problem drinking among female runaway youths living in shelters were evaluated. Participants were 32 youths (16 experimental
and 16 control participants), assessed at pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up. The programme incorporated five protective factors associated
with resilience: self-esteem, self-regulation, relational skills, problem-solving skills, and goal-setting skills. There were significant group-by-
time interaction effects for resilience, anxiety, and problem drinking at one-month follow-up. The preliminary results suggest that providing female
runaway youths with this programme focusing on protective factors may enhance resilience and mitigate anxiety, and problem drinking.
Issues in Mental Health
Nursing, 39(9) : 764-772
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Alcohol
Use
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions