Disorders - depressive disorders
Reily, N. M., Tang,
S., Negrone, A., Gan, D. Z. Q., Sheanoda, V., Christensen, H.
INTRODUCTION: Omega-3 supplements may be efficacious in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in adults, particularly as an
adjunct to antidepressant medication. However, research in young people is limited. Thus, this scoping review aimed to summarise existing evidence on
the efficacy of omega-3 supplementation in treating depression and anxiety symptoms in young people aged 14-24. A secondary aim was to determine
whether grey literature intended for the general public accurately reflects the evidence.\rMETHOD: Four databases (Cochrane CENTRAL, EmBASE,
PsycINFO, PubMed) were searched from inception to 4th August 2021. Eligible peer-reviewed studies were empirical studies which examined the efficacy
of omega-3 supplements in preventing/treating anxiety and/or depression symptoms in young people aged 14-24. Risk of bias was assessed for randomised
studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Selected grey literature databases were also searched, with eligible sources assessed for quality. A
stakeholder group including young people with lived experience of anxiety/depression, parents/carers and mental health professionals informed the
research questions and data interpretation. Findings were summarised using narrative synthesis.\rRESULTS: 17 empirical studies (N = 1240
participants) meeting inclusion criteria were identified. Studies varied in treatment and participant characteristics. In general, the data did not
support the view that omega-3 supplements were efficacious in improving symptoms of anxiety or depression in young people aged 14-24. In contrast,
most grey literature sources recommended the use of omega-3 supplements in young people.\rDISCUSSION: Evidence for efficacy of omega-3
supplementation in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in young people was inconclusive. More research is needed to identify potential
mechanisms and moderators of the effect of omega-3 supplements on depression and anxiety symptoms in young people.
, 18(4) : e0284057
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Fish oil (Omega-3 fatty acids), Omega 3 fatty
acids (e.g. fish oil, flax oil)
Reangsing, C., Moonpanane, K., Pitchalard, K., Kodyee, S., Seethikaew,
N., Oerther, S.
OBJECTIVE:
We synthesized the effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on psychological outcomes in college and university students during the COVID-19
pandemic.\rMETHOD: Ten electronic databases were searched from inception to December 2021. We reviewed studies with college and university students
receiving MBIs with psychological outcomes. We only reviewed studies written in English. A random-effects model was used to compute the effect size.
\rRESULTS: Overall, MBIs showed a significantly moderate improvement in anxiety (g = 0.612, 95% CI: 0.288-0.936, I2 = 77%); depression (g
= 0.372, 95% CI: 0.032-0.713, I2 = 72%); and mindfulness (g = 0.392, 95% CI:0.102-0.695, I2 = 64%) compared with control
groups, while these interventions had a small effect in reducing stress, but not a significant one (g = 0.295, 95% CI: -0.088 to 0.676, I2
= 77%) compared with control groups.\rCONCLUSION: MBIs significantly improved psychological outcomes among college and university students during the
COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians and health providers should consider using MBIs as alternative complementary treatment for improving and preventing
anxiety and depression in college and university students during COVID-19.\rCLINICAL RELEVANCE: The use of MBIs for college and university students
is an effective method to decrease anxiety, depressive symptoms, and increase mindfulness. MBIs would become a very useful means of alternative
complementary treatment in mental health and clinical psychiatry.
Journal of clinical psychology, 79(9) : 2023-2039
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Reangsing, C., Abdullahi, S. G., Schneider, J. K.
Introduction: Depression is considered a
multiproblematic disorder that leads to impairment in interpersonal, academic, social, and occupational functioning. Untreated depression can lead to
suicide, which is the second leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults. Antidepressants and psychotherapy have limited effectiveness
and are not available worldwide. Alternative and complementary treatments, such as online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), are growing.
Objective: We examined the effects of online MBIs on depressive symptoms in college and university students and explored the moderating
effects of participant, methods, and intervention characteristics. Methods: We systematically searched nine databases from their inception
through August 2022 without date restrictions. We included primary studies evaluating MBIs with college and university students with depression
measured as an outcome, a comparison group, that were written in English. We used random-effects model to compute effect sizes (ESs) using Hedges'
g, a forest plot, and Q and I2 statistics as measures of heterogeneity; we also examined moderator analyses. Results: Fifteen
studies included 1886 participants (22.6 +/- 3.2 years old). Overall, online MBIs showed significantly improved depression (g = 0.18, 95% confidence
interval 0.02 to 0.34, I2 = 61%) compared with controls. With regard to moderators, when depression was measured further from the end of
the intervention, there was less reduction in depressive symptoms (beta = -0.012, Qmodel = 3.81, p = 0.051). Researchers who reported
higher attrition reported less beneficial effects on depressive symptoms (beta = -0.013, Qmodel = 9.85, p = 0.001). Researchers who used
intention-to-treat reported lower ESs (g = -0.15) compared with not using intention-to-treat (g = 0.32, p < 0.001). No other quality indicators
moderated the effects of online MBIs on depression. Conclusions: Online MBIs improved depressive symptoms in college and university students.
Thus, it might be used as one treatment in their tool kit for college and university students.
, 29(5) : 292-
302
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Purgato, M., Cadorin, C., Prina, E., Cabral Ferreira, M., Del Piccolo, L., Gerber, M., Jordans, M. J. D., Ostuzzi, G., Richards, J., Rudi, D., Vitali, F., Cortese, S., Schena, F., Barbui,
C.
OBJECTIVE: Physical activity (PA) interventions are part of
many interdisciplinary programs for the management of children and adolescents with or without physical or psychological conditions or disabilities.
Aiming to summarize the available evidence, we conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses of PA interventions that included psychosocial outcomes
in populations of children and adolescents.\rMETHOD: Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, Medline,
SPORTDiscus, and PsychInfo from January 1, 2010, to May 6, 2022. Meta-analyses of randomized and quasi-randomized studies investigating the efficacy
of PA interventions for psychosocial outcomes in children and adolescents were included. Summary effects were recalculated using common metric and
random-effects models. We assessed between-study heterogeneity, predictive intervals, publication bias, small study effects, and whether the results
of the observed positive studies were greater than expected due to chance. On the basis of these calculations, strength of associations was assessed
using quantitative umbrella review criteria, and credibility of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development
and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Quality was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. This study is registered with the Open Science Framework,
https://osf.io/ap8qu.\rRESULTS: A total of 112 studies from 18 meta-analyses generating 12 new meta-analyses comprising 21,232 children and
adolescents in population groups including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, cancer, cerebral palsy, chronic respiratory diseases,
depression, neuromotor impairment, and obesity and in general populations were included. PA interventions were efficacious in reducing psychological
symptoms in all meta-analyses across the different population groups using random-effects models. However, umbrella review criteria suggested a weak
strength of association for this outcome, and GRADE credibility of evidence ranged from moderate to very low. For psychological well-being, 3 out of
5 meta-analyses identified significant effects, but the strength of these associations was weak, and GRADE credibility of evidence ranged from
moderate to very low. Similarly, for social outcomes, meta-analyses reported a significant summary effect, but the strength of association was weak,
and GRADE credibility of evidence ranged from moderate to very low. For self-esteem, one meta-analysis in children with obesity failed to show any
effect.\rCONCLUSION: Even though existing meta-analyses suggested a beneficial effect of PA interventions on psychosocial outcomes across different
population groups, the strength of associations was weak, and the credibility of evidence was variable depending on the target population, outcome,
and condition or disability. Randomized studies of PA interventions in children and adolescents with and without different physical and psychological
conditions or disabilities should always include psychosocial outcomes as an important dimension of social and mental health.\rSTUDY PREREGISTRATION
INFORMATION: Prenatal Maternal Infection and Adverse Neurodevelopment: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Downstream Environmental Hits;
https://osf.io/; cp85a.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent
Psychiatry, 16 : 16
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise
Primbs, R., Feldmann, L., Iglhaut, L., Allgaier, A. K., Schulte-Korne,
G., Greimel, E.
BACKGROUND:
Adolescents with depression often show barriers to seek treatment offers due to various reasons, including limited knowledge about the manifestation
of the disorder, its treatment options, or fear of stigmatization. Psychoeducational approaches might reduce these barriers by increasing depression
literacy. The aim of the present randomized controlled study was to evaluate whether an innovative and age-appropriate evidence-based information
booklet about youth depression increases depression-specific knowledge in adolescents with depression and is also appealing to the target group.
\rMETHODS: 50 adolescents with a history of depression (current/remitted) aged 12-18 years participated in the study including a pre-, post- and
follow-up assessment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group received a target group-specific information
booklet about youth depression including seven subdomains. The active control group received an information booklet about asthma in youth that was
highly comparable to the depression booklet in terms of format and length. Before and after reading, and at a four-week follow-up, we assessed
knowledge about youth depression based on a questionnaire. Furthermore, participants evaluated the acceptability of the information booklets.
\rRESULTS: Unlike the active control group, the experimental group showed a significant increase in depression-specific knowledge from pre to post
and from pre to follow-up across all subdomains. This increase was evident in four subdomains (\"symptoms\", \"treatment\", \"antidepressants\", and
\"causes\"). The overall reception of the information booklet about depression was positive and participants stated that they would recommend the
information booklet about depression to their peers.\rCONCLUSION: This is the first randomized controlled study to demonstrate that an information
booklet about youth depression effectively imparts depression-specific knowledge to participants with a history of depression and shows high
acceptance. Information booklets that are appealing and increase depression-specific knowledge might be a promising low-threshold and cost-effective
approach to reduce barriers to treatment and raise awareness.
Child &
Adolescent Psychiatry & Mental Health [Electronic Resource], 17(1) : 65
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), Relapse prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Psychoeducation
Pineros-Leano, M., Parchment, T. M., Calvo, R.
Background: The Latinx population is the largest and fastest-growing
segment of the U.S. While the vast majority\rof Latinx children are US-born, over half are growing up in a family where they live with at least one
foreign-born\rparent. Despite research showing that Latinx immigrants are less likely to experience mental, emotional, and\rbehavioral (MEB) health
issues (e.g., depression, conduct disorder, substance misuse), their children have one of\rthe country's highest rates of MEB disorders. To address
the MEB health of Latinx children and their caregivers,\rculturally grounded interventions have been developed, implemented, and tested to promote
MEB health. The\rpurpose of this systematic review is to identify these interventions and summarize their findings.\rMethods: We searched PubMed,
PsycINFO, ERIC, Cochrane library, Scopus, HAPI, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect\rdatabases from 1980 through January 2020 as part of a registered
protocol (PROSPERO) following PRISMA\rguidelines. Our inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials of family interventions among a
predominantly Latinx sample. We assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.\rFindings: Initially, we
identified 8,461 articles. After going through the inclusion criteria, twenty-three studies\rwere included in the review. We found a total of 10
interventions, with Familias Unidas and Bridges/Puentes\rhaving the most information available. Overall, 96% of studies demonstrated to be effective
in addressing MEB\rhealth, namely substance use, alcohol and tobacco use, risky sexual behaviors, conduct disorder, and internalizing symptoms among
Latinx youth. Most interventions focused on improving parent - child relationships as the\rmain mechanism to improve MEB health among Latinx youth.
\rDiscussion: Our findings show that family interventions can be effective for Latinx youth and their families. It is\rlikely that including cultural
values such as familismo and issues related to the Latinx experience such as\rimmigration and acculturation can help the long-term goal of improving
MEB health in Latinx communities.\rFuture studies investigating the different cultural components that may influence the acceptability and
effectiveness of the interventions are warranted.
Children and Youth Services Review, 145 : 1-
12
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy, Other Psychological Interventions
Pan, F., Mou, T., Shao, J., Chen, H., Tao, S., Wang, L., Jiang, C., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Hu, S., Xu, Y., Huang, M.
Background: Neuronavigation-guided high-dose repetitive
transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could\rrapidly treat depressive patients with suicidal ideation. But the mechanism of rTMS still needs to be
elucidated.\rThis study aims to investigate if rTMS improves suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms by influencing brainderived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF), tropomysin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and VGF levels.\rMethods: In the present 1-week study, 59 treatment-naive depressive patients with
suicidal ideation were\rrandomly assigned to the active (n = 31) or sham (n = 28) rTMS group. The severity of suicidal ideation and\rdepression were
measured by the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and\rMontgomery - Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Fasting
venous blood samples were collected at baseline and after\rtreatment. Serum protein concentrations of BDNF, TrkB and VGF were measured by enzyme
linked immunosorbent assay.\rResults: We found after treatment the levels of BDNF in the active rTMS group were higher than the sham group\r(p =
0.011), TrkB levels were decreased in the active group (p < 0.001), VGF levels were increased in the active\rgroup (p = 0.005). Post-treatment VGF
levels in the active group were higher than the sham group (p = 0.008).\rHowever, there were no significant correlation between changes in BDNF, TrkB
and VGF levels and the changes\rin clinical variables.\rLimitations: Participants taking medication may affect the results.\rConclusions: Our results
suggest that the BDNF-TrkB pathway and VGF may be implicated in the mechanisms\runderlying neuronavigation-guided rTMS for treating depressive
patients with suicidal ideation.
, 323 : 617-623
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm), Suicide or self-harm with comorbid mental disorder
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS)
Ogawa,
S., Hayashida, M., Tayama, J., Saigo, T., Nakaya, N., Sone, T., Kobayashi, M., Bernick, P., Takeoka, A., Shirabe, S.
High scores on Harm Avoidance (HA) on Cloniger's Temperament and Character Inventory
(TCI) have been identified as a risk factor for depression. Group cognitive-behavioral therapy (GCBT) has been found effective in preventing
depression and improving depressive symptoms among university students. However, no randomized controlled trials of GCBT have been conducted with
university students with high HA. Although we initiated a randomized controlled trial in this study, some participants submitted incomplete
questionnaires at baseline interfering with assured randomization; therefore, we report this study as a non-randomized controlled trial. We evaluated
whether a GCBT intervention would be effective at reducing HA and, thereby, preventing depression in university students with high HA. We performed
final analysis of data on 59 participants in the intervention group and 60 in a control group. We used scores on the Beck Depression Inventory-II
(BDI-II) as the primary outcome measure and analysis of covariance to assess group differences on mean BDI-II change scores before the intervention
and at six months and one year after the intervention. The intervention group had lower BDI-II scores than the control group at six months after the
intervention. GCBT may have facilitated cognitive modification in individuals with high HA, or GCBT may have fostered mutual modeling by group
participants. Thus, GCBT may contribute to reducing depressive symptoms in university students with high HA, and associated risk for developing
depression.
Perceptual & Motor Skills, 130(2) : 790-
807
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Ng, T. J., Ling, J., Robbins, L. B., Kao, T. A.
BACKGROUND: Adolescent ineffective stress
management has been associated with negative health outcomes, such as anxiety and depression. Comprehensively evaluating the effects of stress
management interventions is needed.\rAIMS: The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of stress management interventions on
mental health outcomes (stress, anxiety, depression, and positive and negative affect) and perform moderation analysis to identify moderators of
intervention effects on stress, anxiety, and depression among U.S. high school adolescents.\rMETHODS: Four databases (CINAHL, ERIC, PubMed, and
PsycINFO) were searched. After literature screening, 24 articles describing 25 studies were retained. Hedge's g was calculated using random-effects
models. Exploratory moderation analyses were performed to identify moderators.\rRESULTS: The pooled effects on reducing stress were -0.36. The
interventions had small effects on decreasing anxiety (g = -0.31) and depression (g = -0.23). Long-term follow-up effects were -0.77 on perceived
stress, -0.08 on anxiety, and -0.19 on depression. Mind-body and cognitive-behavioral interventions had moderate effects on reducing anxiety (g = -
0.51). Interventions with longer duration (>8 weeks) were more effective in reducing anxiety (-0.39 vs. -0.26) and depression (-0.36 vs. -0.17).
\rCONCLUSIONS: These findings support the short-term effectiveness of stress management interventions in improving mental health among high school
adolescents in the United States. Subsequent research efforts should focus on sustaining long-term effects.
Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses
Association, : 10783903231161608
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Nashiro,
K., Min, J., Yoo, H. J., Cho, C., Bachman, S. L., Dutt,
S., Thayer, J. F., Lehrer, P. M., Feng, T., Mercer, N., Nasseri, P., Wang, D., Chang, C., Marmarelis, V. Z., Narayanan, S., Nation, D. A., Mather, M.
Heart rate variability is a robust biomarker of emotional well-being, consistent with the shared brain networks
regulating emotion regulation and heart rate. While high heart rate oscillatory activity clearly indicates healthy regulatory brain systems, can
increasing this oscillatory activity also enhance brain function? To test this possibility, we randomly assigned 106 young adult participants to one
of two 5-week interventions involving daily biofeedback that either increased heart rate oscillations (Osc+ condition) or had little effect on heart
rate oscillations (Osc- condition) and examined effects on brain activity during rest and during regulating emotion. While there were no significant
changes in the right amygdala-medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) functional connectivity (our primary outcome), the Osc+ intervention increased left
amygdala-MPFC functional connectivity and functional connectivity in emotion-related resting-state networks during rest. It also increased down-
regulation of activity in somatosensory brain regions during an emotion regulation task. The Osc- intervention did not have these effects. In this
healthy cohort, the two conditions did not differentially affect anxiety, depression, or mood. These findings indicate that modulating heart rate
oscillatory activity changes emotion network coordination in the brain. Copyright © 2022. The Psychonomic Society, Inc.
Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience, 23(1) : 66-83
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Biofeedback, neurofeedback, audio/video feedback
Myers, T. L., Gladstone, T. R. G., Beardslee, W. R.
Little is known about the effects of parental depression on
offspring as they transition to adulthood-a challenging time developmentally, when late adolescents must separate from home, achieve intimate
relationships, and develop a sense of identity. We present long-term quantitative and qualitative data from early adolescents with a depressed parent
who were randomized to one of two family-based preventive interventions and followed over time, across the transition to young adulthood.
Specifically, we present clinical measures of psychopathology and Likert-scale questionnaire data from young adults and their parents regarding the
transition to adulthood and perceptions of the interventions. We also report in-depth qualitative interview data from young adults about the effects
of parental depression on their transition to adulthood. Findings suggest that leaving home, establishing relationships, and coping with stressors
may be challenging for emerging adults. Furthermore, the interviews highlight the importance of siblings, the burden of parental depression, and the
development of self-understanding and empathy in young adults who grew up with a depressed parent. Data suggest that clinicians, policy makers,
educators, and employers must address the preventive and clinical needs of young people and their families as they transition to young adulthood
after growing up with depressed parents. Copyright © 2023 by the authors.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4)
(no pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy
Mishra, N., Singh, P.
Depressive symptomatology casts a more adverse impact on the well-being of women in countries with
unfavourable societal norms. The prevalence of depressive symptomatology in Indian women and the treatment gap in case of mental health issues are
alarming and thus may require interventions at a community level. The present study tested the efficacy of a psychosocial community-based
intervention in managing depressive symptomatology and associated factors like rumination, reappraisal, psychological resilience, and self-efficacy
using a pre-test post-test control group design. A total of 114 (Mage=23.03, SD = 5.29) and 37 (Mage=24.89, SD = 6.44) adult
females were there in the experimental and the control group, respectively. A series of ANOVAs showed that participants' scores on depressive
symptomatology and associated vulnerabilities and defences improved as compared to the baseline and the control group. The findings support the use
of psychosocial community-based intervention in a non-specialized healthcare setting to manage depressive symptomatology, associated vulnerability
and defences.
Community mental health journal, 59(5) : 999-
1012
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions