Disorders - depressive disorders
Song, J., Liu, Z. Z., Huang, J., Wu, J.
S., Tao, J.
Background:Non-pharmacological intervention methods such as rehabilitation training or psychological treatment are mostly used in the
treatment of depression owing to the limitation of adverse reactions such as drug treatment. However, the best non-pharmacological treatment strategy
for depression in college students is unclear. Therefore, it is significant to discover non-drug intervention methods that can improve the depression
symptoms of college students. Method(s):Electronic databases as of Sep 15, 2019, were searched, and reference lists and pharmaceutical dossiers were
reviewed to detect published and unpublished studies from the date of their inception to Sep 15, 2019. With document quality evaluations and data
extraction, Meta-Analysis was performed using a random effect model to evaluate the intervention effect of the aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese
exercises, and meditation. Result(s):A total of 44 original studies were included. The random effect model was used to combine the effect values with
Standard Mean Difference (SMD), and the results were: aerobic exercise [SMD = -0.53, 95% CI (-0.77, -0.30), I2 = 80%, P < .001],
traditional Chinese exercises [SMD = -0.42, 95% CI (-0.74, -0.10), I2 = 90%, P = .01], meditation [SMD = -0.51, 95% CI (-0.90, -0.12),
I2 = 79%, P = .01]. There was greater heterogeneity among the included studies: aerobic exercise (I2 = 80%, P < .001),
traditional Chinese medicine methods (I2 = 90%, P < .001), and meditation (I2 = 79%, P < .001). Conclusion(s):This study
revealed that the depression symptoms of college students can be effectively improved by aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese exercises, and
meditation. Aerobic exercise would have a better effect on anxiety and stress while traditional Chinese exercise would have a better effect on
stress. Further research (such as high-quality randomized controlled trials and long-term follow-up) is required to evaluate the effects of aerobic
exercise, traditional Chinese exercise, and meditation on the depressive symptoms of college students to further apply complementary and alternative
therapies.Ethics and dissemination:The results of the effects of aerobic exercise, traditional Chinese exercises, and meditation on depressive
symptoms for a college student will be reported in a peer-reviewed publication. Hopefully, our findings from this meta-analysis can provide the most
up-to-date evidence for the contribution to preventing the occurrence of depressive symptoms in college students. Copyright © 2021 Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
Medicine (United
States), 100(1) : E23819
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Meditation, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong), Physical activity, exercise
Simonsson, O., Bazin, O., Fisher, S. D., Goldberg, S. B.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse mental health effects for many groups in British society, especially
young adults and university students. The present study reports secondary outcomes (i.e., symptoms of anxiety and depression) from a randomized
waitlist controlled trial, with a one-month post-intervention follow-up, on the effects of a guided, eight-week mindfulness program delivered online
during the COVID-19 pandemic among students at the University of Oxford. Longitudinal multilevel models showed greater reductions in anxiety but not
depression symptoms for participants in the mindfulness condition relative to participants in the waitlist control condition (time X group B=-0.36,
p=.025). Copyright © 2021
Psychiatry Research, 305 (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
She, X., Tong, L., Wang, H., Lan, L., Wang, M., Abbey, C., Singh,
M., Rozelle, S.
Background: Mental
health and substance use disorders are the leading cause of disability in youth worldwide and ninety percent of affected youth lives in developing
countries, where contextually appropriate evidence and resources are severely lacking. Mindfulness-based interventions have shown to reduce anxiety
and depression in adults and emerging literature suggests promise in its benefit in youth cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. Rural-to-urban migrant
children in China are at high risk for mental health problems yet have scarce resources. We piloted an evidence-based Mindfulness-based mental health
prevention program in this population using trained community volunteers to assess its potential impact. Method(s): A total of 653 students ages 9-14
from 5 migrant schools in Shanghai were enrolled. We used a randomized controlled design to assign them to the Mindfulness intervention group (N=285)
vs. a waitlist control group (N=368). The intervention arm received 8 weeks of weekly one-hour groupbased Mindfulness training delivered by a trained
community volunteer. We collected socio-demographic data as well as validated surveys on mental health measurements including the Mindfulness(MAAS),
youth resilience (SDQ), Anxiety (MASC) and Depression (CESD-R) symptoms at baseline and at the end of the 8-week intervention. Multi-variable
regression analyses were used to compare the intervention vs. control group on the mental health measures before and after intervention, controlling
for socio-demographic factors. Result(s): At baseline, there was no significant differences between the control group and the intervention arms.
After 8 weeks of intervention, no significant differences were found between the intervention vs. control arms in Mindfulness scores (63.6 +/- 1.15
vs. 63.7 +/- 0.83, p > 0.05), resilience scores (12.4 +/- 0.57 vs. 11.5 +/- 0.33, p > 0.05), anxiety scores (41.5 +/- 1.99 vs. 40.8 +/- 1.23, p >
0.05) or depression scores (11.1 +/- 1.20 vs. 10.6 +/- 0.74, p > 0.05). Three-month follow up data and qualitative data are being finalized for
understanding these preliminary post-intervention results. Conclusion(s): A community volunteer-led, 8-week Mindfulness prevention program adapted
from existing literature in highincome countries did not significantly impact migrant Chinese student Mindfulness, resilience, anxiety, or depression
levels. More research is needed for developing effective mental health preventive programs specific to resource-limited settings.
Pediatrics. Conference: National
Conference and Exhibition Meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics, AAP, 149(no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Shao, S.
Background: To investigate the intervention effect of
dance therapy based on the Satir Model on the mental health of adolescents with depression during the COVID-19 epidemic. Subjects and methods: A
total of 62 adolescents with depression were selected using Symptom Checklist 90 and randomly divided into two groups according to the matching of
male and female participants; the experiment group had 32 members and the control group had 30 members. The experiment group received group
psychological intervention and dance therapy based on the Satir Model, whereas the control group was not given any intervention. Result(s): After the
intervention, the scores of the experiment group in anxiety and depression are lower than those prior to intervention (p<0.01) and of the control
group (p<0.01); the scores of the experiment group in life satisfaction, psychological resilience and their dimensions are higher than those prior to
intervention (p<0.01) and higher than those of the control group (p<0.01). Conclusion(s): The combination of group intervention and dance therapy
based on the Satir Model is a feasible method to effectively alleviate adolescents' anxiety and depression, promote their life satisfaction and
psychological resilience, and thus improve their mental health. Copyright © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia.
Psychiatria Danubina, 33(3) : 411-417
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art, Physical activity, exercise
Sekhar, P., Tee, Q. X., Ashraf, G., Trinh, D., Shachar, J., Jiang, A., Hewitt, J., Green, S., Turner, T.
Background: Mindfulness interventions are increasingly popular as an approach to improve mental well-being. To date, no Cochrane Review
examines the effectiveness of mindfulness in medical students and junior doctors. Thus, questions remain regarding the efficacy of mindfulness
interventions as a preventative mechanism in this population, which is at high risk for poor mental health. Objective(s): To assess the effects of
psychological interventions with a primary focus on mindfulness on the mental well-being and academic performance of medical students and junior
doctors. Search Method(s): We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase and five other databases (to
October 2021) and conducted grey literature searches. Selection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials of mindfulness that involved
medical students of any year level and junior doctors in postgraduate years one, two or three. We included any psychological intervention with a
primary focus on teaching the fundamentals of mindfulness as a preventative intervention. Our primary outcomes were anxiety and depression, and our
secondary outcomes included stress, burnout, academic performance, suicidal ideation and quality of life. Data Collection and Analysis: We used
standard methods as recommended by Cochrane, including Cochrane's risk of bias 2 tool (RoB2). Main Result(s): We included 10 studies involving 731
participants in quantitative analysis. Compared with waiting-list control or no intervention, mindfulness interventions did not result in a
substantial difference immediately post-intervention for anxiety (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.09, 95% CI -0.33 to 0.52; P = 0.67,
I2= 57%; 4 studies, 255 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Converting the SMD back to the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale
21-item self-report questionnaire (DASS-21) showed an estimated effect size which is unlikely to be clinically important. Similarly, there was no
substantial difference immediately post-intervention for depression (SMD 0.06, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.31; P = 0.62, I2 = 0%; 4 studies, 250
participants; low-certainty evidence). Converting the SMD back to DASS-21 showed an estimated effect size which is unlikely to be clinically
important. No studies reported longer-term assessment of the impact of mindfulness interventions on these outcomes. For the secondary outcomes, the
meta-analysis showed a small, substantial difference immediately post-intervention for stress, favouring the mindfulness intervention (SMD -0.36, 95%
CI -0.60 to -0.13; P < 0.05, I2= 33%; 8 studies, 474 participants; low-certainty evidence); however, this difference is unlikely to be
clinically important. The meta-analysis found no substantial difference immediately post-intervention for burnout (SMD -0.42, 95% CI -0.84 to 0.00; P
= 0.05, I2 = 0%; 3 studies, 91 participants; very low-certainty evidence). The meta-analysis found a small, substantial difference immediately post-
intervention for academic performance (SMD -0.60, 95% CI -1.05 to -0.14; P < 0.05, I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 79 participants; very low-certainty evidence);
however, this difference is unlikely to be clinically important. Lastly, there was no substantial difference immediately post-intervention for
quality of life (mean difference (MD) 0.02, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.32; 1 study, 167 participants; low-certainty evidence). There were no data available
for three pre-specified outcomes of this review: deliberate self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviour. We assessed the certainty of
evidence to range from low to very low across all outcomes. Across most outcomes, we most frequently judged the risk of bias as having 'some
concerns'. There were no studies with a low risk of bias across all domains. Authors' conclusions: The effectiveness of mindfulness in our target
population remains unconfirmed. There have been relatively few studies of mindfulness interventions for junior doctors and medical students. The
available studies are small, and we have some concerns about their risk of bias. Thus, there is not much evidence on which to draw conclusions on
effects of mindfulness interventions in this population. There was no evidence to determine the effects of mindfulness in the long term. Copyright ©
2021 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021(12) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Salazar-de-Pablo, G., Solmi, M., Vaquerizo-Serrano, J., Radua, J., Passina, A., Mosillo, P., Correll, C. U., Borgwardt,
S., Galderisi, S., Bechdolf, A., Pfennig, A., Bauer, M., Kessing, L. V., van-Amelsvoort,
T., Nieman, D. H., Domschke, K., Krebs, M.-O., Sand, M., Vieta, E., McGuire, P., Arango, C., Shin, J. I., Fusar-Poli, P.
Background: Primary prevention has the
potential to modify the course of depression, but the consistency and magnitude of this effect are currently undetermined. Methods: PRISMA and RIGHT
compliant (PROSPERO:CRD42020179659) systematic meta-review, PubMed/Web of Science, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses of controlled interventions for the
primary prevention of depressive symptoms [effect measures: standardized mean difference (SMD)] or depressive disorders [effect measure: relative
risk (RR)] were carried out. Results were stratified by: (i) age range; (ii) target population (general and/or at-risk); (iii) intervention type.
Quality (assessed with AMSTAR/AMSTAR-PLUS content) and credibility (graded as high/moderate/low) were assessed. USPSTF grading system was used for
recommendations. Results: Forty-six meta-analyses (k=928 individual studies, n=286,429 individuals, mean age=22.4 years, 81.1% female) were included.
Effect sizes were: SMD=0.08-0.53; for depressive symptoms; RR=0.90-0.28 for depressive disorders. Sensitivity analyses including only RCTs did not
impact the findings. AMSTAR median=9 (IQR=8-9); AMSTAR-PLUS content median=4.25 (IQR=4-5). Credibility of the evidence was insufficient/low in 43
(93.5%) meta-analyses, moderate in two (4.3%), and high in one (2.2%): reduction of depressive symptoms using psychosocial interventions for young
adults only, and a combination of psychological and educational interventions in primary care had moderate credibility; preventive administration of
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in individuals with a stroke had high credibility. Limitations: Intervention
heterogeneity and lack of long-term efficacy evaluation. Conclusions: Primary preventive interventions for depression might be effective. Among them,
clinicians may offer SSRIs post-stroke to prevent depressive disorders, and psychosocial interventions for children/adolescents/young adults with
risk factors or during the prenatal/perinatal period. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
, 294 : 957-970
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any)
Roemer, A., Sutton, A., Grimm, C., Medvedev, O. N.
While the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) with respect to distress has been widely
researched, unemployed individuals, who often suffer from high levels of distress, have largely been neglected in MBI research. The present study
aimed to investigate the effects of a low-dose MBI on distress in a sample of young unemployed adults. The sample included 239 young unemployed
adults enrolled for a 6-week long employability-related training camp. Participants were allocated into an intervention group that received weekly 1
-hour mindfulness training over 4 weeks, and a control group. Dispositional mindfulness, distress and well-being were assessed in the entire sample
prior to the start and upon completion of the mindfulness training. A mixed model ANCOVA showed that distress was inversely and significantly
predicted by baseline levels of mindfulness and well-being. After accounting for the baseline levels of mindfulness and well-being, a significant
effect of the mindfulness intervention was evident. This result shows that a low-dose MBI can decrease distress in a sample of young unemployed
adults and its effectiveness is positively associated with initial levels of dispositional mindfulness and well-being. Copyright © 2020 John Wiley &
Sons Ltd.
Stress
and Health, 37(2) : 320-328
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Rasing,
S. P.
Depressive disorders are the most prevalent mental health disorder in adolescents with detrimental consequences; effective and available
treatment is crucial. Face-to-face and computerized treatments both have advantages but also downsides. Merging these two into one so-called blended
treatment seems to be an optimal combination of elements. This current review addresses blended treatment for youth depression and aims to summarize
existing knowledge on effectiveness as well as patients' and therapists' perspectives. Results showed promising significant decreases in symptoms,
but no evidence for differences between blended and face-to-face treatment was found. Patients' perspectives were mixed; they reported strong
preferences for face-to-face treatment, but participants actually receiving blended treatment were mainly positive. Therapists' attitudes were
neutral, but they expressed their worries about the unknown risks on adverse events. Future research is needed and should, beside effectiveness and
cost-effectiveness, pay close attention to the risks that are mentioned by therapists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights
reserved)
International Journal of Cognitive
Therapy, 14(1) : 47-58
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Prencipe, L., Houweling, T. A. J., van-Lenthe, F. J., Palermo, T.
Purpose: Cash transfer interventions broadly improve the lives
of the vulnerable, making them exceedingly popular. However, evidence of impacts on mental health is limited, particularly for conditional cash
transfer (CCT) programs. We examined the impacts of Tanzania's government-run CCT program on depressive symptoms of youth aged 14-28. Method(s): We
utilized cluster randomized controlled trial data of 84 communities (48 intervention; 36 control). The intervention administered bimonthly CCTs to
eligible households, while control communities were assigned to delayed intervention. The analysis included youth with measurements of depression
(10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) at baseline and 18 months later. We determined impacts using analysis of covariance
models, adjusting for youth characteristics (including baseline depression), district-level fixed effects, and community-level random effects.
Differential effects by sex and baseline social support were also estimated. Result(s): Although no evidence was found to suggest that the
intervention impacted depressive symptoms among the full sample (n = 880) (effect -.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] -.88 to .48, p = .562),
subsample results indicated that depressive symptoms were reduced 1.5 points among males (95% CI -2.56 to -.04, p = .007) and increased 1.1 points
among females (95% CI .11-2.09, p = .029). Females 18+ years old (effect 1.55, 95% CI .27-2.83, p = .018) and females with children (effect 1.32, 95%
CI -.13 to 2.78, p = .074) drove this negative impact. Social support did not moderate impacts. Conclusion(s): Despite no overall intervention
effects, results suggest that receiving a CCT has differential effects on mental health by sex. Although males benefited from the intervention,
conditions which rely on stereotypically female roles may result in negative consequences among women. Copyright © 2021 Society for Adolescent Health
and Medicine
Journal of Adolescent Health, 69(5) : 797-
805
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Poppelaars, M., Lichtwarck-
Aschoff, A., Otten, R., Granic, I.
Depressive symptoms and disorders are major public health concerns, affecting many adolescents
and young adults. Despite extensive research, depression prevention programs for youth show limited effectiveness. Moreover, the maximal potential of
youth psychotherapy-on which depression prevention programs are based-may have been reached. Commercial video games may offer an engaging alternative
vehicle for youth to practice emotional and social skills vital to mental health. The current study investigated the potential for the commercial
video game Journey to prevent the exacerbation of depressive symptoms. A pre-registered randomized controlled trial tested the effectiveness of
Journey as an indicated depression prevention approach compared to a control game condition and a passive control condition (Dutch Trial Register:
NL4873, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4873). Additionally, potential action mechanisms for depression prevention using video games were
examined. Participants aged 15 to 20 years old with elevated depressive symptoms (n = 244, Mage = 17.11, SDage = 1.76, 66.4% female) were given 4
weeks to play Journey (Mduration = 3 h 20 min) or the control game, Flower (Mduration = 2 h 36 min). Results showed no beneficial effects of playing
the commercial video game, Journey, on youth's change in depressive symptoms above and beyond the active and passive control conditions up to 12-
months after the intervention. Additionally, no action mechanisms were found specifically for Journey. Nevertheless, over the whole study,
participants decreased in depressive symptoms, became less sensitive to rejection, and experienced more hope and optimism. Moreover, participants who
during the study decreased in rejection sensitivity or rumination or who increased in hope and optimism or in distraction and problem solving showed
the strongest decrease in depressive symptoms. Although results do not support the use of the studied commercial game as an effective indicated
depression prevention strategy, our results do suggest that rejection sensitivity, hope, optimism, rumination, distraction, and problem solving are
promising targets for future depression prevention efforts. We conclude with important lessons for future research on games to promote mental health.
Particularly, encouraging careful consideration of research designs to explore for whom and how potential action mechanisms and associated game
mechanics may be effective. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
, 11 : ArtID
575962
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other complementary & alternative
interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Perkins, A. M., Bowers, G., Cassidy, J., Meiser-Stedman, R., Pass, L.
OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled trial feasibility study aimed to investigate
a single-session mindset intervention, incorporating third-wave constructs, within educational settings as a universal tool to promote emotional
wellbeing. METHOD(S): Eighty adolescents (age M=16.63) were randomized to the 30-min computer intervention or a usual curriculum waitlist. Outcome
measures were administered at baseline, posttreatment, 4-week, and 8-week follow-ups. RESULT(S): Student feedback about the intervention and trial
procedure was mainly positive. Participants engaged with the intervention content and data were suggestive of possible small-large intervention
effects for targeted mechanisms of personality mindset and psychological flexibility. Between-group differences over time across wellbeing outcomes
of self-compassion, self-esteem, low mood, and anxiety also yielded some promising results, though assessments of reliable change were less clear. No
harm was reported. CONCLUSION(S): The intervention and study design were deemed feasible, though areas for improvement were noted. A full-scale trial
to determine effectiveness is warranted. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Journal of clinical psychology, 77(4) : 946-
967
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Pascoe, M. C., Bailey, A. P., Craike, M., Carter, T., Patten, R. K., Stepto, N. K., Parker, A. G.
Exercise can improve mental health; however many tertiary students do not reach
recommended levels of weekly engagement. Short-term exercise may be more achievable for tertiary students to engage in to promote mental health,
particularly during times of high stress. The current scoping review aimed to provide an overview of controlled trials testing the effect of short-
term (single bout and up to 3 weeks) exercise across mental health domains, both at rest and in response to an experimentally manipulated laboratory
stress task, in tertiary students. The search was conducted using 'Evidence Finder,' a database of published and systematic reviews and controlled
trials of interventions in the youth mental health field. A total of 14 trials meet inclusion criteria, six measured mental health symptoms in
response to an experimentally manipulated laboratory stress task and the remaining eight measured mental health symptoms. We found that short-term
exercise interventions appeared to reduce anxiety like symptoms and anxiety sensitivity and buffered against a drop in mood following an
experimentally manipulated laboratory stress task. There was limited available evidence testing the impacts of exercise on depression like symptoms
and other mental health mental health domains, suggesting further work is required. Universities should consider implementing methods to increase
student knowledge about the relationship between physical exercise and mental health and student access to exercise facilities. Copyright © 2021, The
Author(s).
, 7(1) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise