Disorders - depressive disorders
Amanvermez, Y., Zhao, R., Cuijpers, P., de Wit, L. M., Ebert, D.
D., Kessler, R. C., Bruffaerts, R., Karyotaki, E.
Background: College students face several
sources of stress. Self-guided stress management interventions offer an excellent opportunity for scaling up evidence-based interventions for self-
management of these stresses. However, little is known about the overall effects of these interventions. Increasing this understanding is essential
because self-guided stress management interventions might be a cost-effective and acceptable way of providing help to this important segment of the
population during a critical life course stage. Method(s): We carried out a systematic literature search of bibliographical databases (PubMed,
PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of self-guided stress management interventions published up through
April 2020. We conducted two separate meta-analyses for perceived stress, depression, and anxiety. The first included interventions for general
college student samples. The second included studies for students with high levels of perceived stress. Result(s): The first meta-analysis included
26 studies with 29 intervention-control comparisons based on a total of 4468 students. The pooled effect size was small but statistically significant
(g = 0.19; 95% CI [0.10, 0.29]; p < 0.001). Results showed moderate heterogeneity across studies [I2 = 48%; 95% CI (19, 66%)]. The second
meta-analysis, included four studies based on a total of 491 students with high levels of stress. The pooled effect size was small but statistically
significant (g = 0.34; 95% CI [0.16, 0.52]; p < 0.001). Results showed no heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 0%; 95% CI [0, 79%]), but
risk of bias was substantial. Discussion(s): Our results suggest that self-guided stress management programs may be effective when compared to
control conditions, but with small average effects. These programs might be a useful element of a multi-component intervention system. Given the
psychological barriers to treatment that exist among many college students, self-help interventions might be a good first step in facilitating
subsequent help-seeking among students reluctant to engage in other types of treatment. More studies should be conducted to investigate these
interventions, sample specifications, mediating effects, and individual-level heterogeneity of effects. Copyright © 2022 The Authors
Internet Interventions, 28 (no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Mindfulness based
therapy, Self-help, Relaxation
Alvarado-Garcia, P. A. A., Soto-Vasquez, M. R., Rosales-Cerquin, L. E., Rodrigo-Villanueva, E. M., Jara-Aguilar, D. R., Tuesta-Collantes, L.
Introduction: The aim of this research was to determine the anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects
of the essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare aerial parts and seeds. Method(s): The oils were extracted by hydro-distillation using a modified
Clevenger-type apparatus and chemical composition was performed by Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, an experimental trial was conducted, where 117 participants were divided into three groups,
comprising a waiting list control group and two experimental groups treated with essential oils. The anxiety and depression indexes were evaluated by
Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Result(s): chemical analysis showed that trans-Anethole was the
main component, both in the essential oil from aerial parts (35.5%) and seeds (79.2%). Anxiety and depression scores showed a decrease in posttest
study phase in comparison with pretest in all experimental groups (p<0.05), except for depression scores in the group treated with essential oil from
aerial parts (p>0.05). Small changes were found in the case of anxiety for group treated with essential oils from aerial parts (d = 0.41; DELTA=
0.40) while moderate (d = 0.86; DELTA = 0.85) and small (d = 0.38; DELTA = 0.39) changes were found for anxiety and depression respectively, in the
group treated with essential oil from seeds. Conclusion(s): The essential oil from Foeniculum vulgare seeds is more effective to relief anxiety than
depression while the essential oil from Foeniculum vulgare aerial parts only exhibit small changes for anxiet Copyright © 2022 Phcogj.Com. This is an
open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 14(2) : 425-
431
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Alhawatmeh,
H., Albataineh, R., Abuhammad, S.
Background: The initial clinical
training has been reported by nursing students as the most challenging component of the nursing programs. Although progressive muscle relaxation and
guided imagery have been reported to improve emotional and physical health, the use of such approaches among nursing students rarely exist.\rPurpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine the deferential effects of progressive muscle relaxation [PMR] and guided imagery [GI] on physical and
emotional symptoms in nursing students taking their initial clinical training.\rMethods: Using a three-group, randomized, single blinded study
conducted in a large Jordanian university, 156 nursing students were randomly allocated into one of three study groups (PMR group, GI group, and
control group). The physical symptoms and emotional symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed at baseline and end of the
intervention. The study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrail.gov, identifier: xxxxxx.\rResults: Using one-way MANOVA and post-hoc comparisons,
the results showed that PMR and GI significantly reduced more physical symptoms than control condition although PMR was more effective than GI in
this regard. GI significantly decreased more emotional symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and stress than PMR and control condition. PMR decreased
anxiety, depression, and stress but the results were not statistically significant.\rConclusion: The findings of this study support the ABC
relaxation theory claiming that PMR im-proves better physical symptoms while GI improves better emotional symptoms. However, further studies using
students from multiple settings are needed.
Heliyon, 8(10) : e11147
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Relaxation
Abozayed, A., Elsalamony, O. K., Elkholy, M., Enaba, D. A., Yousof, H. Z.
BACKGROUND: Youth mental health is a significant public health concern. Mental health issues are increasing in severity and number in
college campuses. Improving adolescent mental well-being remains a challenge for most societies. AIM: The aim of the study was to promote the well-
being and mental health outcomes of Kasr Al-Ainy medical school students. METHOD(S): An intervention study conducted at Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of
medicine. The study participants (n = 664) from fourth and fifth graders were assigned to either of two conditions: Fourth graders (n = 325) to
intervention (Horizon Egypt) website which provided information across positive psychology domains and fifth graders (n = 312) to control neutral
entertainment-based website. Participants were assessed pre-and post-intervention on Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Short form (DASS-21) and the
Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). RESULT(S): There was no pre-intervention statistically significant differences between Horizon
Egypt and control group on demographic variables, DASS-21, or WEMWBS scores. Qualitative data indicated that all participants reported that Horizon
Egypt website was easy to use, 85% agreed that the program was fun, 91% agreed that the activities were interesting, and 77% agreed that they would
continue to use it after study completion. Compared to the control condition, participants in the Horizon Egypt condition with the high levels of
adherence reported significant decrease in depression, anxiety, stress, and improvements in well-being score. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
Acceptability of Horizon Egypt website was high. The online delivery of positive psychology programs may be an alternative way to address mental
health issues and improve youth well-being. Copyright © 2022 Amany AboZayed, Omaima Kamel Elsalamony, Monira ElKholy, Dalia Ahmed Enaba, Hanaa
Zaghloul Yousof.
Open
Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10 : 1307-1315
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Zuo, B., Wang, Q., Qiao, L. Y., Ding, Y., Wen, F.
[Correction
Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 12[686118] of Frontiers in Psychology (see record 2021-44210-001). In the original article,
there was an error. An author's name was incorrectly spelled as Lan Y. Qiao. The correct spelling is Yalan Qiao. The authors apologize for this
error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.] Currently due
to the COVID-19 pandemic, young people are experiencing a decrease in self-efficacy and an increase in mental illness. Though previous studies have
shown that self-efficacy and divergent thinking training are positively related, little is known about the impact of divergent thinking training on
self-efficacy and emotions. Therefore, our study seeks this answer to support teenagers injured psychologically during disastrous periods. We
randomly assigned 70 students to a 2 (time: pretest, post-test) x 2 (groups: divergent thinking training, controlled) mixed design. Participants in
the experimental group were given a 9-day divergent thinking training with the theme of \"writing down 10 novel functions of the mask,\" while those
in the control group spent 10 min each day recording what they ate. The self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, and stress of two groups were measured
before and after training. Results showed that, compared to the control group, self-efficacy ceased decreasing while anxiety decreased for the
experimental group. These findings confirm the positive effect of divergent thinking on teenagers. Implications and limitations are discussed.
(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
Frontiers in Psychology Vol 12 2021, ArtID 600533, 12 :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Zimmerman, A., Garman, E., Avendano-Pabon, M., Araya, R., Evans-Lacko, S., McDaid, D., Park, A. L., Hessel, P., Diaz, Y., Matijasevich, A., Ziebold, C., Bauer, A., Paula, C. S., Lund, C.
Introduction Although cash transfer programmes are not explicitly designed to improve mental health, by reducing poverty
and improving the life chances of children and young people, they may also improve their mental health. This systematic review and meta-analysis
assessed the evidence on the effectiveness of cash transfers to improve the mental health of children and young people in low-income and middle-
income countries. Methods We searched Pubmed, EBSCOhost, Scientific Electronic Library Online, ISI Web of Science and Social Sciences Citation Index
and grey literature (from January 2000 to July 2020) for studies which quantitatively assessed the impact of cash transfers on mental health in young
people (aged 0-24 years), using a design that incorporated a control group. We extracted Cohen's d effects size and used a random-effects model for
the meta-analysis on studies that measured depressive symptoms, I 2 statistic and assessment of study quality. Results We identified 12 116 articles
for screening, of which 12 were included in the systematic review (covering 13 interventions) and seven in the meta-analysis assessing impact on
depressive symptoms specifically. There was high heterogeneity (I 2 =95.2) and a high risk of bias (0.38, 95% CIs:-5.08 to 5.85; p=0.86) across
studies. Eleven interventions (85%) showed a significant positive impact of cash transfers on at least one mental health outcome in children and
young people. However, no study found a positive effect on all mental health outcomes examined, and the meta-analysis showed no impact of cash
transfers on depressive symptoms (0.02, 95% CIs:-0.19 to 0.23; p=0.85). Conclusion Cash transfers may have positive effects on some mental health
outcomes for young people, with no negative effects identified. However, there is high heterogeneity across studies, with some interventions showing
no effects. Our review highlights how the effect of cash transfers may vary by social and economic context, culture, design, conditionality and
mental health outcome. Copyright ©
, 6(4) (no pagination) :
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Wu, Shuman
The \"Three Good Things\" is a self-
administered positive psychological intervention that is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and improving well-being; however, there is still
little known about its possible underlying mechanisms. I examined the efficacy of the Three Good Things intervention and investigated the mediating
role of positive and negative affect in the intervention's effect on depressive symptoms and subjective well-being. Participants were undergraduate
students randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 128), who participated in a 16-week trial of the intervention and completed
assessment measures, or to the control group (n = 121), who completed assessment measures but not the intervention. The three time points for
assessment were Week 1 (baseline), Week 8 (Time 1), and Week 16 (Time 2). The results show that levels of depression and negative affect were lower
in the intervention group than in the control group at Time 2, whereas positive affect and subjective well-being were higher. Thus, the intervention
can reduce depression and promote well-being by reducing negative affect and improving positive affect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all
rights reserved)
Social Behavior and Personality, 49(11) : 1-
16
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Positive
psychology
Werner-Seidler, A., Spanos, S., Calear, A. L., Perry, Y., Torok, M., O'Dea, B., Christensen, H., Newby, J. M.
Depression and anxiety are often first experienced during childhood and adolescence, and interest in the
prevention of these disorders is growing. The focus of this review was to assess the effectiveness of psychological prevention programs delivered in
schools, and to provide an update to our previous review from five years ago (Werner-Seidler, Perry, Calear, Newby, & Christensen, 2017). Three
electronic databases were systematically searched for published articles of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of school-
based prevention programs until October 2020. There were 130 articles that met inclusion criteria, representing 118 unique trials and 45,924
participants. Small between-group effect sizes for depression (g = 0.21) and anxiety (g = 0.18) were detected immediately post-intervention. Subgroup
analyses suggested that targeted prevention programs (for young people with risk factors or symptoms) were associated with significantly greater
effect sizes relative to universal programs for depression, which was confirmed by meta-regression. There was also some evidence that external
providers conferred some benefit over school-staff delivered programs. Overall, study quality was moderate and no association between risk of bias
and effect size was detected. School-delivered psychological prevention programs have small effects in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Refinement of these programs, and knowledge about how they can be sustainably delivered in schools beyond the trial period is now needed for
population-level preventive effects. Systematic Review Registration Number: PROPSERO - CRD42020188323.
Clinical Psychology
Review, 89 : 102079
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions
Waraan,
L., Rognli, E. W., Czajkowski, N. O., Aalberg, M., Mehlum, L.
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a disabling mood disorder, profoundly
affecting a large number of adolescent's quality of life. To date, no obvious treatment of choice for MDD in adolescents is available and progress
in the treatment of depressed adolescents will have important public health implications. Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT), as the only
empirically supported family therapy model designed to treat adolescent depression, aims to repair interpersonal ruptures and rebuild an emotionally
protective parent - child relationship. Objective: To study the effectiveness of ABFT compared with treatment as usual (TAU) delivered within child-
and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adolescents with MDD. Method: Sixty adolescents (86.7% girls), aged 13 - 18 years (M = 14.9, SD =
1.35), with MDD referred to two CAMHS were randomized to 16 weeks of ABFT or TAU. ABFT consisted of weekly therapy sessions (family/individual or
both) according to the treatment manual. TAU was not monitored. Primary outcomes were assessed by blinded evaluators at baseline and post-treatment
with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Self-reported (Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II) depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline, and
after 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 14, and 16 weeks. Analyses were performed according to intent-to-treat principles. Results: At post-treatment, clinician-rated
remission rates on the HAMD (5% in ABFT and 3.33% in TAU, p = 1, OR = 1.54, Fisher's exact test) and self-reported symptoms of depression on the
BDI-II did not differ significantly between groups (X2[2, N = 60] = 0.06, p = 0.97). In both treatment groups participants reported significantly
reduced depressive symptoms, but the majority (63.3%) of adolescents were still in the clinical range after 16 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: ABFT
was not superior to TAU. Remission and response rates were low in both groups, suggesting none of the treatments were effective in treating MDD in
adolescents. Findings must be viewed in the context of the study's small sample size, missing data, and implementation challenges. Continued efforts
to improve treatment for MDD in outpatient clinics are warranted. Future research should examine moderators of and mechanisms for individual
differences to treatment response, as well as the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of implementing treatment
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental
Health, 15 : ArtID 8
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy
Waraan, L.
Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT) is the only empirically supported family therapy model designed to treat adolescent depression,
including those at risk for suicide, and their families. ABFT aims to repair interpersonal ruptures and rebuild an emotionally protective parent-
child relationship. To study the effectiveness of ABFT compared with Treatment as Usual (TAU) in reducing suicidal ideation in clinically depressed
adolescents. Sixty adolescents (86.7% girls), aged 13 to 18years (M=14.9), with major depressive disorder referred to two CAMHS were randomized to
receive 16weeks of ABFT or TAU. ABFT consisted of weekly therapy sessions according to the treatment manual. Suicidal ideation was measured with the
Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Junior at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16weeks. Linear mixed models were fitted to test our hypothesis, time was the only
factor to have a significant effect on suicidal ideation t(31.05)=-3.32, p<.01. Participants in both treatment groups reported significantly reduced
suicidal ideation, but the majority were still in the clinical range after 16weeks of treatment. ABFT was not associated with more favorable outcomes
than TAU. Findings must be interpreted with caution given the study limitations.
Clinical child psychology and
psychiatry, 26(2) : 464-474
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm), Suicide or self-harm with comorbid mental disorder
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy
Wang, Y., Liu, X., Peng, D., Wu, Y., Su, Y., Xu, J., Ma, X., Li, Y., Shi, J., Cheng, X., Rong, H., Fang, Y.
Background: Fluoxetine, bupropion, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and physical therapies (modified electroconvulsive treatment or
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimula-tion) can be used to manage melancholic depression. Objective(s): To compare the efficacy and safety of
various treatments in patients with melancholic depression. Method(s): This was a preliminary multicenter randomized controlled trial that included
patients with depression in their first or recurrent acute episode between September 2016 and June 2019, and randomized to fluoxetine, fluoxetine
+CBT, fluoxetine+bupropion, and fluoxetine+bupropion+brain stimulation. The primary endpoint was the decrease in the 17-item Hamilton Depression
Rating Scale (17-HDRS). The secondary endpoint included the scores from the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR), QOL-6, and
safety. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored. The follow-ups were performed at the end of the 0th, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 12th weeks of treatment.
Result(s): Finally, 113 patients were included in the analyses: fluoxetine (n=37), fluoxetine +CBT (n=27), fluoxetine+bupropion (n=34), and
fluoxetine+bupropion+brain stimulation (n=15). The 17-HDRS and QIDS-SR scores decreased in all four groups (all P<0.05). There were no differences in
the 17-HDRS scores among the four groups at the end of treatment (P=0.779), except for fluoxetine alone showing a better response regarding self-
consciousness than fluoxetine+bupropion. The QOL-6 scores increased in all four groups. The occurrence of AEs among the four groups showed no
significant difference (P=0.053). Conclusion(s): This preliminary trial suggests that all four interventions (fluoxetine, fluoxetine +CBT,
fluoxetine+bupropion, and fluoxetine+bupropion+brain stimulation) achieved similar response and remission rates in patients with melancholic
depression, but that fluoxetine had a better effect on self-consciousness than fluoxetine+bupropion. The safety profile was manageable. Copyright ©
2021 Wang et al.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 17 : 2441-
2449
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), Transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other antidepressants
Teesson, M., Newton, N., Slade, T., Chapman, C., Birrell, L., Mewton, L., Mather, M., Hides, L., McBride, N., Allsop, S., Andrews, G.
Introduction and Aims: Mental health and
substance use disorders are leading causes of disability among young people globally [1]. Research has highlighted the comorbidity of these disorders
[2], yet few existing prevention programs concurrently target these issues. Furthermore, many programs are hampered by poor implementation fidelity.
The Climate Schools Combined (CSC) Study was the first trial to test the effectiveness of an online prevention model targeting both mental health and
substance use disorders among adolescents. Design and Methods: A four-arm cluster RCT involving 6386 students from 71 schools was conducted from
2014-2016. Schools were randomised to one of the following conditions; 1) \"Control,\" 2) \"Climate Schools-Substance Use,\" 3) \"Climate Schools-
Mental Health,\" or 4) the \"CSC\" intervention. Result(s): Compared to Controls, the Combined intervention increased knowledge related to alcohol
and cannabis at 12, 24 and 30 months (30 months: alcohol SMD 0.26, 95% CI 0.14 - 0.39, cannabis SMD 0.17, 95% CI 0.06 - 0.28), increased knowledge
related to mental health at 24 months (SMD 0.17, 95% CI 0.08 - 0.27), less growth in their odds of drinking and heavy episodic drinking at 12, 24 and
30 months (30 months: drinking OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.12 - 0.51, heavy episodic drinking OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.04 - 0.58), and reduced increases in anxiety
symptoms at 12 and 30 months (30 months: SMD -0.12, 95% CI -0.22 - -0*01). No difference was found in symptoms or probable diagnosis of depression.
The Combined intervention also showed evidence of improvement on some outcomes compared to the Substance Use and Mental Health interventions.
Discussions and Conclusion(s): For the first time, there is evidence of the effectiveness of a universal school-based preventive intervention
concurrently targeting substance use, depression and anxiety. It provides educators with an easy to implement and scalable approach to prevention.
Disclosure of Interest Statement: MT and NN are developers of the Climate Schools programs, as well as the Directors of Climate Schools Pty Ltd,
which distributes the Climate Schools programs on a not-for-profit basis.
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 45
(SUPPL 1) : 75A
- Year: 2021
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any), Alcohol
Use, Cannabis Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)