Disorders - depressive disorders
Lappalainen, P., Lappalainen, R., Keinonen, K., Kaipainen, K., Puolakanaho, A., Muotka, J., Kiuru, N.
Background: Although some adolescents managed to cope well with the challenges
brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, the well-being of many was adversely affected due to school closures, distance education, restrictions on
gathering with friends, and limited access to mental health services. Many adolescents reported increased anxiety and depression as well as decreased
psychological wellbeing due to the pandemic. Consequently, there is a need for psychological support that exceeds the strained resources available to
schools to support young people during times of crisis and societal pressure.\rObjective: The present study aimed to explore the effects of an
online-delivered ACT intervention to promote adolescent psychological flexibility and self-compassion and decrease psychological distress during the
second wave of COVID-19 in the fall of 2020.\rMethods: A total of 348 adolescents aged 15-16 were randomly divided into three equal groups: 1) the
iACT student coach + virtual coach group, n = 116; 2) the iACT virtual coach group, n = 116; and 3) the control group with no intervention, n = 116).
Among these adolescents, 234 participated in a pre-measurement (iACT, n = 154; control, n = 80; intent-to-treat) and completed measures of
psychological flexibility, self-compassion, anxiety, and depression.\rResults: An investigation of all the adolescents who participated in the pre-
measurement (intent-to-treat analysis, n = 234) revealed no significant differences between the three groups with regard to psychological
flexibility, self-compassion, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, upon combining the two intervention groups and examining the
adolescents who completed at least 30% of the Youth Compass program (per-protocol analysis, n = 137), small but significant differences between the
iACT intervention and control groups were found regarding the psychological flexibility subscale valued action, self-compassion, and anxiety in favor
of the intervention group.\rConclusions: Active use of an ACT-based online intervention under adverse circumstances may decrease symptoms of anxiety
and increase psychological flexibility skills in adolescents.
Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 27 : 34-
44
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Kulikov, V. N., Crosthwaite, P. C., Hall, S. A., Flannery, J. E., Strauss, G.
S., Vierra, E. M., Koepsell, X. L., Lake, J. I., Padmanabhan, A.
Background: High rates of adolescent depression demand for more effective, accessible treatment options. A virtual randomized controlled
trial was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a 5-week, self-guided, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based mobile application,
Spark, compared to a psychoeducational mobile application (Active Control) as an adjunct treatment for adolescents with depression during the COVID-
19 pandemic.\rMethods: A community sample aged 13-21, with self-reported symptoms of depression, was recruited nationwide. Participants were randomly
assigned to use either Spark or Active Control (NSpark = 35; NActive Control = 25). Questionnaires, including the PHQ-8
measuring depression symptoms, completed before, during, and immediately following completion of the intervention, evaluated depressive symptoms,
usability, engagement, and participant safety. App engagement data were also analyzed.\rResults: 60 eligible adolescents (female = 47) were enrolled
in 2 months. 35.6% of those expressing interest were consented and all enrolled. Study retention was high (85%). Spark users rated the app as usable
(System Usability Scalemean = 80.67) and engaging (User Engagement Scale-Short Formmean = 3.62). Median daily use was 29%, and
23% completed all levels. There was a significant negative relationship between behavioral activations completed and change in PHQ-8. Efficacy
analyses revealed a significant main effect of time, F = 40.60, p < .001, associated with decreased PHQ-8 scores over time. There was no significant
Group x Time interaction (F = 0.13, p = .72) though the numeric decrease in PHQ-8 was greater for Spark (4.69 vs. 3.56). No serious adverse events or
adverse device effects were reported for Spark users. Two serious adverse events reported in the Active Control group were addressed per our safety
protocol.\rConclusion: Recruitment, enrollment, and retention rates demonstrated study feasibility by being comparable or better than other mental
health apps. Spark was highly acceptable relative to published norms. The study's novel safety protocol efficiently detected and managed adverse
events. The lack of significant difference in depression symptom reduction between Spark and Active Control may be explained by study design and
study design factors. Procedures established during this feasibility study will be leveraged for subsequent powered clinical trials evaluating app
efficacy and safety.\rClinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04524598.
, 5 : 1062471
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychoeducation, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kuchler, A. M., Schultchen, D., Dretzler, T., Moshagen,
M., Ebert, D. D., Baumeister, H.
The college years can be accompanied by mental distress. Internet- and mobile-
based interventions (IMIs) have the potential to improve mental health but adherence is problematic. Psychological guidance might promote adherence
but is resource intensive. In this three-armed randomized controlled trial, \"guidance on demand\" (GoD) and unguided (UG) adherence-promoting
versions of the seven-module IMI StudiCare Mindfulness were compared with a waitlist control group and each other. The GoD participants could ask for
guidance as needed. A total of 387 students with moderate/low mindfulness were recruited. Follow-up assessments took place after 1 (t1), 2 (t2), and
6 (t3) months. Post-intervention (t2), both versions significantly improved the primary outcome of mindfulness (d = 0.91-1.06, 95% CI 0.66-1.32) and
most other mental health outcomes (d = 0.25-0.69, 95% CI 0.00-0.94) compared with WL, with effects generally persisting after 6 months. Exploratory
comparisons between UG and GoD were mostly non-significant. Adherence was low but significantly higher in GoD (39%) vs. UG (28%) at the 6-month
follow-up. Across versions, 15% of participants experienced negative effects, which were mostly mild. Both versions effectively promoted mental
health in college students. Overall, GoD was not associated with substantial gains in effectiveness or adherence compared with UG. Future studies
should investigate persuasive design to improve adherence. Copyright © 2023 by the authors.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Mindfulness based
therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kosasih, F. R., Yee, V. T. S., Toh, S. H. Y., Sundermann, O.
Digital self-guided mobile
health [mHealth] applications are cost-effective, accessible, and well-suited to improve mental health at scale. This randomized controlled trial
[RCT] evaluated the efficacy of a recently developed mHealth programme based on cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT] principles in improving worry and
anxiety. We also examined psychological mindedness [PM] as a mediator by which app engagement is thought to improve outcomes. The Intervention group
completed a 2-week \"Anxiety and Worry\" programme with daily CBT-informed activities, while the active waitlist-control completed a matched 2-week
mHealth programme on procrastination. Participants filled out the Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7], Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], and
Psychological Mindedness Scale [PMS] at baseline, post-intervention, and 2-week follow-up. App engagement was measured at post-intervention only.
Contrary to prediction, the Intervention group did not perform better than the Active Control group; both groups showed significant improvements on
anxiety and depressive symptoms from baseline to follow-up. From post-intervention to follow-up, only the Intervention group showed further
improvements for anxiety symptoms. Higher engagement with the mHealth app predicted lower anxiety and depressive symptoms at follow-up, and this
relationship was fully mediated by psychological mindedness. This study provides evidence that [a] engaging in a CBT mHealth programme can reduce
anxiety and worry, and [b] Psychological mindedness is a potential pathway by which engaging with a mHealth app improves anxiety and depressive
symptoms. While overall effect sizes were small, at the population level, these can make significant contributions to public mental health.
PLOS Digital
Health, 2(5) : e0000095
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychoeducation, Problem solving therapy (PST), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kor,
A., Shoshani, A.
Objective: Previous research suggests that well-being interventions are effective in moderating substance and
digital media use and improving mental health. This study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a school-based Positive Psychology
Addiction Prevention (PPAP) intervention aimed at reducing substance and digital media use and increasing the mental health of school children during
the COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): The sample was composed of 1,670 children and adolescents (Mean age = 12.96, SD = 2.01) from six elementary and
secondary schools in Israel who were randomly assigned to the PPAP intervention (n = 833) or the waiting-list control conditions (n = 837). A three-
year longitudinal repeated-measures randomized control design was used to examine modifications in substance use, digital media use, and
psychological symptoms in the intervention and control groups assessed on the pre-test (before the outbreak of COVID-19, September 2019), the post-
test (May 2021), and the 12-month follow-up (May 2022). Result(s): The 12-month prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol use, and cannabis use decreased
significantly from the pre- to the follow-up period in the intervention group, and increased significantly in the control group. Daily digital media
use increased during the pandemic period in both groups, with a significantly higher increase in the control group. The intervention group reported
significantly lower psychological symptoms and negative emotions, and greater positive emotions and life satisfaction after the intervention and at
follow-up compared to the control group. Conclusion(s): The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the lives of children and adolescents. Well-
being and addiction prevention interventions may be effective in improving the mental health of school children during pandemics and crisis periods.
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Addictive Behaviors, 141 (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Positive
psychology
Klim-Conforti, P., Zaheer, R., Levitt, A. J., Cheung, A. H., Schaffer, A., Fefergrad, M., Niederkrotenthaler, T., Sinyor, M.
Objective: To evaluate potential differences in the impact of a children's
literature-based mental health literacy and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) skills curriculum on middle-schoolers with and without mental health
symptoms that may be clinically relevant. Method(s): Youth (aged 11-14; grades 7-8) who received a 3-month teacher-delivered intervention embedded in
the language arts curriculum (N = 196) were compared to a wait-list control group (N = 233) from a large, diverse, urban school board in Canada. The
Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and Life Problems Inventory (LPI) were administered. Youth were divided according to scores of
possible clinical relevance into \"clinical\" and \"non-clinical\" groups. A mixed ANOVA (Intervention and Clinical status at baseline are between
subject scores and Time is the only repeated measure) was used clustered by classroom. Result(s): Thirty-three-point six percent of all participants
endorsed symptoms of potential clinical relevance on the RCADS and/or one of its subscales. The primary analyses were non-significant but also
underpowered to detect outcomes (RCADS beta = 0 0.14; LPI beta = 0.28). LPI scores improved numerically for intervention vs. control youth (clinical:
-8% vs. +24%; non-clinical -9% vs. 0%, effect size = 0.002). Conclusion(s): This study was underpowered; however, it did identify a potentially
clinically meaningful trend in a measure of maladaptive coping (LPI) favouring the intervention. A future, well-powered study is needed to
characterize the impact of this intervention. Copyright © 2023 The Authors
Journal of Affective Disorders
Reports, 12 :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type:
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychoeducation, Skills training
Kim,
S., Lee, K.
This study developed and evaluated an online mental health program for female
college students who experienced trauma, based on Roy's Adaptation Model. A randomized controlled trial was adopted. Participants completed a survey
on trauma and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Data from experimental and control groups (n = 16) were collected over two months. The program reduced
post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms and improved functional health and adjustment. This effect was sustained in experimental group
participants for one month post-program. The findings revealed the effectiveness of Internet mental healthcare for female students and the crucial
role nurses play in it. Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
, 43 : 118-
126
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kho, M. C., Karin, E., Gucciardi, D. F., Crane, M. F.
The study tested an extension of a promising adaptive self-reflective approach to resilience training. The extension integrated
resilience training content in routine workplace activities via supervisors. Participants were military cadets (N = 168), randomized by platoon into
two conditions. The control condition received the original self-reflective resilience training only (n = 85), and the intervention condition
additionally received a supervisor-led extension of this programme (n = 83). Participants completed assessments of depression and anxiety symptoms
and perceived stress at four time points over five months. Cadet performance scores were also obtained. Findings indicated that participants
receiving the supervisor-led extension demonstrated better psychological outcomes earlier than cadets in the control condition. However, at Time 4
both interventions had equivalent levels of mental health outcomes and perceived stress. The supervisor-led condition demonstrated better average
performance than the control condition for the performance measure congruent to the workplace activity in which the extension was applied. Mechanisms
for the effectiveness of the supervisor-led extension were explored. Analysis suggested that perceived supervisor support for the individual mediated
the intervention-psychological outcome relationship. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of a scalable resilience intervention and speaks to
a role of supervisors in facilitating resilience via supportive interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Occupational and
Organizational Psychology, 96(2) : 397-428
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Karing, C.
The increasing mental health issues among university students during the COVID-19
pandemic and the challenges of delivering face-to-face interventions during lockdowns have increased the demand for online interventions. The report
presents results from a randomized controlled trial investigating the benefits of online mindfulness interventions delivered by videoconference or
podcast during the early phase of the pandemic in Germany. Fifty university students were randomized to a mindfulness intervention conducted by
videoconference (n=25) or to an unguided training provided by podcasts (n=25). All students participated in a 7-week mindfulness intervention.
Outcome measures included mindfulness, depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction preintervention and postintervention. The study showed a larger
reduction in depression in the videoconferencing group than in the podcast group across per protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses.
There was a significant increase in mindfulness (PP and ITT samples) and life satisfaction (ITT sample) in both groups. The frequency of home
practice was related to positive changes in outcomes but only for the videoconferencing group. The results suggest that mindfulness training
delivered via videoconferencing can be a viable option to address depressive symptoms among students. However, both interventions were effective in
increasing mindfulness and life satisfaction. Copyright © 2022 The Author. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being published by John Wiley & Sons
Ltd on behalf of International Association of Applied Psychology.
Applied psychology, Health and well-being. 15(2) : 740-756
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Kara, Y.
This research was carried out as a pretest-posttest experimental study in order to evaluate the effect of ecology-based group
work on 18 LGBTQ+ people living in different districts of Istanbul. The study group of the research carried out between July 2022 and August 2022
consists of 18 LGBTQ+ people, between the ages of 19-22. Study participants were randomly selected for each group and assigned to the experimental
and control groups. In addition to the Personal Information Form, the Flourishing Scale, the Nature Relatedness Scale, and the Depression Stress and
Anxiety Scale (DASS21) were applied to the study group as pretest-posttest. Socializing, hiking, gardening, and human-animal interaction activities
were held in the group work sessions consisting of 6 sessions on Saturdays at 13.00. In addition to all these activities, some documentaries on
ecology were also suggested for the participants to watch, to be discussed in different sessions. The collected data were analyzed in the SPSS 22.0
package program. At the end of the group work, it was observed that there was a significant difference in the total scores of the Flourishing Scale,
the Nature Relatedness Scale, and Depression Stress and Anxiety Scale (DASS21) of LGBTQ+ people in the experimental group.
Journal of Homosexuality, : 1-
16
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Kambara, K., Matsumoto, M., Hako, S., Shigematsu, J., Yokoyama, S., Ogata, A.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Individuals with low concreteness-experiential thought (CET) tend to
have exacerbated depressive symptoms. Interventions aimed at increasing CET have been shown to influence depressive symptoms. The present study
examined the effects of increasing CET on depressive symptoms and its protective factors.\rMETHODS: A two-armed experimental intervention was
conducted with 86 healthy university students in Japan. They were randomly allocated to the intervention and waitlist groups. Participants in the
intervention group engaged in an unguided and web-based (UW) intervention to increase CET (UW-CET). This intervention included a one-off session, to
explain the rationale behind increasing CET via a psychoeducation video, and a five-session training on CET over a week. We assessed depressive
symptoms, thought styles, and protective factors, such as mindfulness and goal striving, both pre- and-post-assessment and at the one-month follow-
up.\rRESULTS: Participants in the intervention group had marginally increased CET in the follow-up assessments; however, participants in the waitlist
group did not. Furthermore, participants in the intervention showed marginally increased mindfulness tendencies and strivings toward their personal
goals, but their depressive symptoms were not affected.\rLIMITATIONS: The present study did not include any active control conditions. Additionally,
the sample consisted of only healthy university students.\rCONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the UW-CET can marginally increase adaptive
thinking, such as CET, and promote positive psychological aspects in healthy young adults; however, the effect is small. The findings may also help
expand clinical implementations to prevent depression in young adults.
Journal of Behavior Therapy &
Experimental Psychiatry, 81 : 101857
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Jiang, Z., Jiang, L.
Background. At present, college students all have psychological problems of varying
degrees, the most serious of which is depression. Serious depression will affect students' life and learning order, cause depression cognitive
function, and have a significant impact on students' future development. In the context of COVID-19, college students' depression is particularly
obvious. Therefore, the treatment of depression is urgent. As ideological, political, and mental health education have the same goals, the study will
combine them with psychosocial intervention therapy to explore effective treatment methods for depression. Subjects and Methods. The study selected
24 patients with depression from each of the four colleges and universities as the research objects. They participated in the experiment of
ideological and political education combined with psychosocial intervention to improve the cognitive function of depression. In the experiment, 96
college students were divided into the research group and observation group, with 48 students in each. The observation group was given conventional
psychosocial intervention therapy, and the research group was given ideological and political education combined with psychosocial intervention
therapy. The difference between the two groups of patients was compared using the Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and body mass index. Results.
The SDS scores and body mass index results of the two groups of patients before and after treatment are shown in Table 1. Before the experiment, the
difference between the body mass index and SDS scores of the two groups was small. After the experiment, the body mass index score of the study group
increased significantly, and the SDS score decreased significantly; The observation group has the same performance, but the effect is not as good as
the study group. Conclusions. In the context of COVID-19, we studied how to employ the ideas conveyed by ideological and political education to help
students develop correct awareness, and how to apply the treatment method of ideological and political education in colleges and universities
combined with psychosocial intervention to help students significantly improve cognitive function of depression.
CNS Spectrums, 28(Supplement 1) : S37
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions