Disorders - Depressive Disorders
Schleider, J. L., Mullarkey, M. C., Fox, K. R., Dobias, M. L., Shroff, A., Hart, E. A., Roulston, C.
A.
The COVID-19 pandemic has potentially increased the risk
for adolescent depression. Even pre-pandemic, <50% of youth with depression accessed care, highlighting needs for accessible interventions.
Accordingly, this randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04634903 ) tested online single-session interventions (SSIs) during COVID-19 in
adolescents with elevated depression symptoms (N = 2,452, ages 13-16). Adolescents from all 50 US states, recruited via social media, were randomized
to one of three SSIs: a behavioural activation SSI, an SSI teaching that traits are malleable and a supportive control. We tested each SSI's effects
on post-intervention outcomes (hopelessness and agency) and three-month outcomes (depression, hopelessness, agency, generalized anxiety, COVID-19-
related trauma and restrictive eating). Compared with the control, both active SSIs reduced three-month depressive symptoms (Cohen's d = 0.18),
decreased post-intervention and three-month hopelessness (d = 0.16-0.28), increased post-intervention agency (d = 0.15-0.31) and reduced three-month
restrictive eating (d = 0.12-17). Several differences between active SSIs emerged. These results confirm the utility of free-of-charge, online SSIs
for high-symptom adolescents, even in the high-stress COVID-19 context.
, 6(2) : 258-
268
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Supportive
therapy, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Sazawa, K., Kawada, S., Ogawa, Y.
[Purpose] Inhalational aromatherapy using lavender essential oil or
essence is known to alleviate pain and anxiety during rehabilitation. However, the effects remain unclear in individuals who are unaware of their
pain and anxiety. In this study, we investigated the effects of lavender aromatherapy during sleep in females who did not experience pain or anxiety.
[Participants and Methods] The study included 24 healthy females who were randomly allocated to control and aromatherapy groups. The control group
used skin patches without aroma, and the aromatherapy group used lavender aroma-infused skin patches for seven consecutive nights. Psychological and
physiological indices were measured before, during, and after the intervention. [Results] The lavender aroma-infused skin patches ameliorated a
negative mood associated with fatigue and anxiety. However, neither group showed a change in pulse rate and salivary cortisol concentration upon
waking. Furthermore, no significant intergroup difference was observed in sleep quality. [Conclusion] Lavender aromatherapy during sleep improved a
negative mood associated with fatigue and anxiety in females who did not experience pain and anxiety; however, physiological indices remained
unaffected.
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 34(7) : 503-
508
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Savaglio, M., O'Donnell, R., Hatzikiriakidis,
K., Vicary, D., Skouteris, H.
Australia has undergone significant youth mental health reform
over the past 10 years, leading to numerous studies examining the effects of community-based mental health care programs for Australian youth.
However, no synthesis of this literature currently exists. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to: (1) describe the types of community-based
mental health programs that have been delivered to Australian youth in the past 10 years; and (2) examine their impact in improving young people's
mental health symptomology and psychosocial functioning. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted. Studies were included if
they evaluated the extent to which such programs improved mental health symptomology (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance use) and/or psychosocial
outcomes (e.g., social functioning, school engagement, employment) for Australian youth aged 10-25 years. Thirty-seven studies were included. Four
types of community-based youth mental health care programs were identified: therapy (n=16), case management (n=9), integrated 'one-stop-shop' (n=6)
and lifestyle (n=6) programs. The majority of therapeutic programs were effective in reducing mental health symptomology. Case management and
integrated approaches consistently yielded significant improvements in both symptomology and psychosocial outcomes. Lifestyle programs were effective
in alleviating depressive symptoms, but inconclusive for other outcomes. This review provides support for youth-friendly, systemic, multidisciplinary
and integrated assertive outreach models of community mental health care to improve outcomes for young Australians experiencing mental health
concerns. Several recommendations for future research are provided to strengthen the local evidence-base supporting community mental health programs
to ultimately enhance young people's life trajectory. Copyright © 2022. The Author(s).
, 16 :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders
(any), Psychosis Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), First episode (psychosis only)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any)
Saito, T., Ishida, M., Nishiyori, A., Ochiai, T., Katagiri, H., Matsumoto, H.
Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of duloxetine in children and adolescents
(9-17 years of age) with major depressive disorder (MDD) in Japan. Methods: This study consists of two clinical trials. First, a 6-week, randomized
double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT) was conducted. The primary endpoint of RCT was the change in Children's Depression Rating
Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) total scores from baseline. Following RCT, an open-label long-term extension trial (OLE) was conducted to investigate the
longer-term safety of duloxetine for ~1 year. Results: In RCT, CDRS-R total score changes from baseline to 6 weeks after the start of administration
(primary endpoint) were -21.03 in the duloxetine group (n = 74) and -22.42 in the placebo group (n = 74). No significant difference was observed in
the primary endpoint between the groups (p = 0.5587). In addition, no significant difference was observed in secondary endpoints such as CDRS-R
response rates. The proportion of patients with >=1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) in RCT was significantly higher in the duloxetine group
(78.7%) than in the placebo group (62.2%), and most were mild or moderate in severity. Changes in CDRS-R total scores during OLE, in consecutive
patients from the duloxetine group in RCT (n = 63), or placebo group (n = 59) in RCT, and newly enrolled patients (n = 28), were -12.1, -11.3, and -
17.8, respectively. The proportion of patients with >= 1 TEAE in OLE was 90.5%, 88.1%, and 89.3% in the respective groups, and most of them were mild
or moderate in severity. Conclusions: Duloxetine did not show superiority to placebo in efficacy in children and adolescents with MDD in Japan.
Overall reported TEAEs were consistent with the currently available duloxetine safety profile and no new safety finding was observed in the two
clinical trials. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 32(3) : 132-
142
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
(SNRIs), Antidepressants
(any)
Saelid,
G. A., Czajkowski, N. O., Aaro, L.
E., Andersen, J. R., Idsoe, T., Helleseter, M. D., Holte, A.
BACKGROUND: The previous decades have shown increased symptoms of depression and anxiety among adolescents. To promote mental health and
reduce mental illness, the government of Norway has, as in other countries, pledged that all schools must incorporate life-skills education. We
report results from an evaluation of MindPower, a modification of the Coping With Depression (CWD) course, delivered universally in the classroom to
secondary high school students, aged 15-16 years, in one county in Norway. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of MindPower on symptoms
of depression and anxiety.\rMETHODS: We utilized a two-groups` delayed intervention design where 110 first year high school classes were randomized
into one of two intervention groups (IG1 and IG2). IG1 participated in MindPower while IG2 served as a control group for four months until the
intervention started also in this group. IG1 and IG2 responded to questionnaires before and after the eight weeks course, at the start of the first
and the second booster session, and at the five months follow up. Questionnaires, including online versions of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-8)
and the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS-2:SF), were administered to 1673 out of a total of 2384 students. SCL-levels were also compared
with those from a large population study (UngData).\rRESULTS: According to mixed model analyses, SCL-8 and RADS-2:SF showed significant baseline
differences between IG1 and IG2. In IG1 and IG2, both SCL-8 and RADS-2:SF showed a small but significant increase in mean scores throughout the study
period, with markedly lower mean scores among boys. The SCL-levels were first lower for both girls and boys and then after the completion of
MindPower the SCL-levels, equal to the SCL-levels in UngData.\rCONCLUSIONS: No effects of the intervention were found. This large universal school-
based trial suffered from considerable drop-out of participants. Experiences from implementation and evaluation of universal mental health promotion
and preventive school interventions are thoroughly discussed, including, preparation, resources, support, time, realistic expectations, teacher
selection and training, implementation, research designs and more. Several empirically based, practical advices are presented. Clinical Trial
registration 27/08/2018. Registration number NCT03647826.
BMC
psychology, 10(1) : 14
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions
Royal, S., Keeling, S., Kelsall, N., Price, L., Fordham, R., Xydopoulos, G., Dawson, G. R., Kingslake, J., Morriss, R.
BACKGROUND: Only a
relatively low proportion of university students seek help for anxiety and depression disorders, partly because they dislike current drug and
psychological treatment options and would prefer home-based care. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility, acceptability and cost
utility of Alpha-Stim cranial electrostimulation (CES) delivered through a nurse led primary care clinic as a daily treatment for anxiety and
depression symptoms by the student at home in contrast to usual primary care.\rMETHOD: Feasibility and acceptability of a nurse led clinic offering
Alpha-Stim CES in terms of the take up and completion of the six-week course of Alpha-Stim CES. Change in score on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 as measures of
anxiety and depression symptoms at baseline and at 8 weeks following a course of Alpha-Stim CES. Similar evaluation in a non-randomised control group
attending a family doctor over the same period. Cost-utility analysis of the nurse led Alpha-Stim CES and family doctor pathways with participants
failing to improve following further NICE Guideline clinical care (facilitated self-help and cognitive behaviour therapy).\rRESULTS: Of 47 students
(mean age 22.1, years, 79% female opting for Alpha-Stim CES at the nurse-led clinic 46 (97.9%) completed a 6-week daily course. Forty-seven (47)
students comprised a comparison group receiving usual family doctor care. Both Alpha-Stim CES and usual family doctor care were associated with large
effect size reductions in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores from baseline to 8 weeks. There were no adverse effects and only one participant showed a clinically
important deterioration in the Alpha-Stim group. In the cost utility analysis, Alpha-Stim CES was a cheaper option than usual family doctor care
under all deterministic or probabilistic assumptions.\rCONCLUSION: Nurse delivered Alpha-Stim CES may be a feasible, acceptable and cheaper way of
providing greater choice and home-based care for some university students seeking help from primary care with new presentations of anxiety and
depression.
, 23(1) : 97
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Other biological interventions
Rogers, J., Sicouri, G.
Anxiety and depression are common, co-occurring,
and costly mental health disorders. Cognitive bias modification aims to modify biases to reduce associated symptoms. Few studies have targeted
multiple biases associated with both anxiety and depression, and those that have lacked a control condition. This study piloted a single-session
online cognitive bias modification (known as CBM-IA) designed to target two biases associated with anxiety and depression-interpretation bias and
attribution style-in adults with varying levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Participants (18-26 years) with at least mild levels of
anxiety/stress and depressive symptoms on the DASS-21 were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 23) or a control (n = 22) condition. The
training consisted of a single-session online CBM-IA to encourage positive interpretations and a positive attribution style. Interpretation bias,
attribution style, anxious and depressive mood states, and anxiety, stress and depressive symptoms improved at posttraining and at follow-up,
irrespective of condition. Changes in interpretation bias from pre- to posttraining were significantly associated with changes in anxious mood state.
CBM-IA, as implemented in this single-session pilot study, did not significantly reduce targeted biases and symptoms compared to a control condition.
This adds to the mixed evidence on the efficacy of single-session CBM-I for altering biases and symptoms. Copyright © 2022
Behavior
Therapy., :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Attention/cognitive bias
modification, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Rode, J., Edebol-Carlman, H. M. T., Konig, J., Hutchinson, A. N., Thunberg,
P., Persson, J., Brummer, R. J.
Probiotics can
alter brain function via the gut-brain axis. We investigated the effect of a probiotic mixture containing Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus
helveticus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover design, 22 healthy subjects (6 m/16 f;
24.2 +/- 3.4 years) underwent four-week intervention periods with probiotics and placebo, separated by a four-week washout period. Voxel-based
morphometry indicated that the probiotic intervention affected the gray matter volume of a cluster covering the left supramarginal gyrus and superior
parietal lobule (p < 0.0001), two regions that were also among those with an altered resting state functional connectivity. Probiotic intervention
resulted in significant (FDR < 0.05) functional connectivity changes between regions within the default mode, salience, frontoparietal as well as the
language network and several regions located outside these networks. Psychological symptoms trended towards improvement after probiotic intervention,
i.e., the total score of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (p = 0.056) and its depression sub-score (p = 0.093), as well as sleep patterns (p
= 0.058). The probiotic intervention evoked distinct changes in brain morphology and resting state brain function alongside slight improvements of
psycho(bio)logical markers of the gut-brain axis. The combination of those parameters may provide new insights into the modes of action by which gut
microbiota can affect gut-brain communication and hence brain function. Copyright © 2022 by the authors.
Cells, 11(18) (no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Vitamins and supplements
Reeder, N., Tolar-Peterson, T., Adegoye, G. A., Dickinson, E., McFatter, E.
Background: Peanuts and tree nuts contain many bioactive compounds that may
provide health benefits. There is some evidence to suggest that regular consumption of peanuts and peanut butter may improve cognitive function and
mood, however, there are no prior studies examining whether daily intake of dry roasted, skinless peanuts improves cognition. Objective(s): The
objective of this study was to determine the effect of consuming 49 g/day of peanuts for 12 weeks on cognitive function and mental health, compared
to consuming a peanut-free diet, among healthy young women. Method(s): This was a pre-post test study of 65 women (n = 32 in peanut group, n = 29 in
control group). Participants in the peanut group consumed an individually portioned pack of peanuts each day for 12 weeks. Cognitive function was
assessed using the CNS Vital Signs computerized neurocognitive test battery. Mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress
Scale (DASS-42). Differences in endpoints between groups were assessed using ANCOVA tests. Result(s): There was a significant difference between the
two groups in reaction time (6.9 points; p = 0.029), with the control group having a greater increase in scores. There was a significant within-group
effect of peanuts on processing speed, with the peanut group increasing scores by 6.3 points (95% CI: 2.7, 9.8). There was no effect of peanut
consumption on depression, anxiety, or stress scores. Conclusion(s): Further research is needed to fully understand the effect of different types of
peanut products on cognition. Copyright ©FFC 2022.
Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 12(12) : 734-747
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Dietary advice, dietary change
Redden, S. A., Patel, T. A., Cougle, J. R.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Perfectionism has important implications for self-worth,
personal standards, and psychopathology. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a novel two-week, computerized, exposure-based treatment
for perfectionism (ETP).\rMETHODS: Seventy-one university students with elevated perfectionism were randomized to either the ETP group (n = 36) or
the waitlist (WL) control group (n = 35). The ETP group was asked to complete the intervention at home, every three days for two weeks for a total of
five treatment sessions. The tasks in the ETP condition were engineered to have participants repeatedly make mistakes. All participants returned two
weeks after the baseline visit for a post-treatment assessment.\rRESULTS: Compared to WL, ETP led to lower overall perfectionism, concern over
mistakes, personal standards, depressive symptoms, social anxiety symptoms, and error sensitivity at post-treatment. No effects of treatment were
found on trait anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, or eating disorder symptoms.\rLIMITATIONS: Participants were university students of similar
age and education level, which restricts generalizability. Additionally, the study relied on a waitlist control condition.\rCONCLUSIONS: This study
provided preliminary evidence for a novel online intervention for perfectionism.
Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental
Psychiatry, 77 : 101771
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Social phobia (social anxiety disorder), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders
(any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Exposure therapy, Exposure
and response prevention, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Reangsing, C., Lauderman, C., Schneider, J.
K.
Introduction: Depression in emerging adults (20-29 years of age), a
transition from adolescence to adulthood, is a mental health problem globally. Antidepressants and psychotherapy have limited effectiveness and might
not be available worldwide. Alternative and complementary treatments, such as mindfulness meditation, are growing. Objective(s): We examined the
effects of mindfulness interventions on depression in emerging adults and explored the moderating effects of participants, methods, and intervention
characteristics. Design(s): Systematic review and meta-analysis. Subjects: Emerging adults. Intervention(s): Mindfulness meditation interventions
versus control groups. Outcomes measures: depressive symptoms. Result(s): Forty-five studies resulted in 49 comparisons, including 3479 participants
(23.0-2.7 years old); 1826 participants practiced mindfulness and 1653 served as controls. Overall, mindfulness interventions showed significant
reduction in depression compared with controls (g = 0.44, 95% confidence interval: 0.33-0.55). Mindfulness interventions conducted in Asian countries
had a greater decrease in depression (g = 0.69) than studies conducted in North America (g = 0.44) or Europe (g = 0.23). Mindfulness interventions
showed greater reductions in depression in studies with higher proportion of females (Slope = 0.010, tau2 = 0.07, Qbetween = 7.10, p = 0.008).
Mindfulness interventions conducted in emerging adults with depressive disorders reduced depression more (g = 1.12) than in emerging adults without
(g = 0.40). Providing mindfulness intervention in a group setting had a greater reduction of depression (g = 0.54) than on an individual basis (g =
0.30). More minutes of unstructured mindfulness practice per session showed a greater reduction in depressive symptoms (Slope = 0.016, Qbetween =
1.34, p = 0.035). Using intention-to-treat analyses showed a lower ES (g = 0.14) than not using it (g = 0.55). Other quality indicators were not
significant moderators. Primary researchers did not report the adverse effects of mindfulness interventions. Conclusion(s): Mindfulness interventions
somewhat improved depression in emerging adults. Because primary researchers did not report the adverse effects, mindfulness interventions should be
used with caution. Future researchers might study the adverse effects of mindfulness interventions as well as the long-term effects. © Copyright
2022, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2022.
, 28(1) : 6-
24
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Meditation
Raniti, M., Rakesh, D., Patton, G. C., Sawyer, S. M.
BACKGROUND: School connectedness reflects the quality of students' engagement
with peers, teachers, and learning in the school environment. It has attracted attention from both the health and education sectors as a potentially
modifiable protective factor for common mental health problems. However, the extent to which school connectedness may prevent the onset of youth
depression or anxiety or promote their remission is unclear. This systematic review examined evidence for prospective relationships between school
connectedness and depression and anxiety, and the effect of interventions to improve school connectedness on depression and anxiety. METHOD(S): We
searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and ERIC electronic databases for peer-reviewed quantitative longitudinal, or intervention studies published from
2011-21 in English examining relationships between school connectedness and anxiety and/or depression. Participants were 14-24 years old when
depression and anxiety outcomes were assessed in any education setting in any country. We partnered with five youth advisers (aged 16-21 years) with
lived experience of mental health problems and/or the schooling system in Australia, Indonesia, and the Philippines to ensure that youth perspectives
informed the review. RESULT(S): Our search identified 3552 unique records from which 34 longitudinal and 2 intervention studies were ultimately
included. Studies were primarily from the United States of America (69.4%). Depression and anxiety outcomes were first measured at 14 years old, on
average. Most studies found a significant protective relationship between higher levels of school connectedness and depressive and/or anxiety
symptoms; more measured depression than anxiety. A few studies found a non-significant relationship. Both intervention studies designed to increase
school connectedness improved depression, one through improvements in self-esteem and one through improvements in relationships at school.
CONCLUSION(S): These findings suggest that school connectedness may be a novel target for the prevention of depression and anxiety. We were not able
to determine whether improving school connectedness promotes remission in young people already experiencing depression and anxiety. More studies
examining anxiety, diagnostic outcomes, and beyond North America are warranted, as well as intervention trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO 2021
CRD42021270967. Copyright © 2022. The Author(s).
BMC public health, 22
(1) : 2152
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions