Disorders - depressive disorders
Min,
C., Yao, J.
Background: Under the pressure of study, relationship, socializing, employment and other aspects, there is an increasing number of
teenagers with psychological problems such as pessimism, anxiety, and depression, seriously affecting their physical and mental health and
comprehensive development. Therefore, it is of vital importance to attach great importance and actively seek intervention methods to effectively
improve their mental health. The aim was to investigate the intervention effect of positive rumination-based sports prescription on the mental health
of teenagers. Subjects and methods: 497 teenagers living in four communities randomly selected in Guangxi, China community from February 2021 to
August 2021 were included in this study using convenience sampling method. Firstly, Beck Depression Inventory was adopted for measurement, and 61
volunteers were randomly selected from a population of depressive symptoms to participate in intervention. There were 29 people the Experimental
group, 32 in the control group. The intervention using positive ruminationbased sports prescription was performed on the Experimental group. Result
(s): After intervention, the depression score of the control group and the Experimental group was lower than that before intervention (P<0.001).
After intervention, the anxiety score of Experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). There was no
significant difference in the scores regarding optimism, hope, self-efficacy, resiliency and psychological capital (P>0.05), and the scores of the
Experimental group regarding optimism, hope, self-efficacy, resiliency and psychological capital were increased after the intervention, significantly
higher than before intervention (P<0.001), and there was no significant difference in the score of resiliency before and after intervention (P>0.05).
Conclusion(s): Positive rumination group counseling and the intervention of health Qigong exercise can effectively reduce anxiety levels of
teenagers, improve the levels of optimism, hope, self-efficacy, resiliency and psychological capital, help cultivate teenagers' positive psychology
and alleviate negative psychology. Copyright © 2022 Medicinska Naklada Zagreb. All rights reserved.
Psychiatria Danubina, 34(1) : 64-70
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong), Physical activity, exercise
Miller-Graff, L. E., Cummings, E. M.
Background: A total of 450 million children are now living in active conflict
zones. The negative consequences for children are significant and long lasting. In response to the urgent need for sustainable interventions for
children and families, the current study evaluated a brief (12 hr, 8 session) family-based coping and support program, Promoting Positive Family
Futures (PPFF), in Gaza. Methods: Families (n = 68, mother/father/adolescent triads) were randomized into the PPFF intervention or another lengthier
(50 hr, 25 session) locally well-established psychosocial support program (treatment as usual; TAU). Results: Improvements were found for both
conditions for paternal and maternal depression, emotion regulation using cognitive reappraisal, family-wide emotional security, and adolescent
adjustment. Effect sizes were medium to large (d = 0.35 - 1.27). Fathers in the PPFF condition reported lower depression and higher emotion
regulation using cognitive reappraisal at post-test than did fathers in the TAU condition. Mothers in the PPFF condition reported higher levels of
emotion regulation using cognitive reappraisal at post-test than did mothers in the TAU condition. PPFF was also indirectly associated with improved
depression at post-test for both mothers and fathers via improvements in emotion regulation using cognitive reappraisal and with adolescent
adjustment at six months via improvements in maternal emotion regulation using cognitive reappraisal. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the
PPFF intervention has many benefits comparable with a longer and locally well-established program. PPFF was also associated with unique positive
implications for family-wide adjustment over time. Support was also identified for transdiagnostic processes of improvement associated with the PPPF
intervention consistent with the theoretical models informing the approach.
International Journal of Environmental Research &
Public Health [Electronic Resource], 19(14) : 08
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Family therapy, Other Psychological Interventions
Michelson, D., Hodgson, E., Bernstein, A., Chorpita, B. F., Patel, V.
Problem solving is a common focus of psychological interventions for young
people. However, existing evidence syntheses are relatively limited in their scope and conclusions. Taking a transdiagnostic approach and
incorporating diverse sources of evidence, we examined the role of problem solving as an active ingredient for the indicated prevention and treatment
of depression and anxiety in 14-24-year-olds. Three information sources were integrated using framework synthesis: (1) a systematic review of
randomized controlled trials of problem solving; (2) a metasynthesis of qualitative evidence on the therapeutic experience of problem solving; and
(3) consultations with a Youth Advisory Group. Intervention protocols that included problem solving and no more than one other specific component
appeared to be effective for depression but not anxiety. Larger multicomponent interventions with a problem-solving element achieved moderate effect
sizes for both conditions. There was no clear evidence that effectiveness varied by population characteristics, intervention formats, or contextual
factors. Qualitative evidence and youth consultations highlighted positive views about the practicality, simplicity, and flexibility of problem
solving. Converging sources also suggested changes in problem orientation as a key transdiagnostic process contributing to positive outcomes. Problem
solving is a widely applicable therapeutic approach that can help young people with emotional problems to resolve specific stressors and lead to a
more hopeful mindset about managing future challenges. Implications for practice are discussed. Copyright © 2022 Society for Adolescent Health and
Medicine
Journal of Adolescent Health, 71(4) : 390-
405
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Problem solving therapy (PST), Other Psychological Interventions
Medina, J., Paz, C., Garcia-Mieres, H., Nino-Robles, N., Herrera, J., Feixas, G., Montesano, A.
Background: Psychological interventions are commonly used to treat
mild-to-moderate depression, but their efficacy in young adults has not been exhaustively addressed. This meta-analysis aims to establish it in
comparison to no treatment, wait-list, usual treatment, passive interventions, and other bona-fide treatments. Methods: The search was conducted in
Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov, the ISRCTN Registry, Cochrane CENTRAL, Clarivate BIOSIS Previews and the METAPSY database, retrieving
studies from the start of records to April 2020. Eligibility criteria included samples of 16 - 30 years experiencing mild-to-moderate depressive
symptoms and participating in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, or pre-post studies measuring depressive symptomatology and featuring
psychological treatments. Results: Up to 45 studies met criteria, consisting of 3,947 participants, assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for
Quantitative Studies and their results meta-analyzed assuming random effects. Psychological interventions proved to be efficacious in RCTs compared
to no treatment (g =
Journal of Psychiatric Research, 152 : 366-374
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any)
Mechler, J., Lindqvist, K., Carlbring, P., Topooco, N., Falkenstrom, F., Lilliengren, P., Andersson, G., Johansson, R., Midgley, N., Edbrooke-Childs, J., Dahl, H. J., Sandell, R., Thoren, A., Ulberg, R., Bergsten, K. L., Philips, B.
BACKGROUND: Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent and associated with lifelong adversity.
Evidence-based treatments exist, but accessible treatment alternatives are needed. We aimed to compare internet-based psychodynamic therapy (IPDT)
with an established evidence-based treatment (internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy [ICBT]) for the treatment of adolescents with depression.
\rMETHODS: In this randomised, clinical trial, we tested whether IPDT was non-inferior to ICBT in the treatment of adolescent MDD. Eligible
participants were 15-19 years old, presenting with a primary diagnosis of MDD according to DSM-5. Participants were recruited nationwide in Sweden
through advertisements on social media, as well as contacts with junior and senior high schools, youth associations, social workers, and health-care
providers. Adolescents who scored 9 or higher on the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology for Adolescents (QIDS-A17-SR) in an initial online
screening were contacted by telephone for a diagnostic assessment using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Participants were randomly
assigned to ICBT or IPDT. Both interventions comprised eight self-help modules delivered over 10 weeks on a secure online platform. The primary
outcome was change in depression severity measured weekly by the QIDS-A17-SR. Primary analyses were based on an intention-to-treat sample including
all participants randomly assigned. A non-inferiority margin of Cohen's d=0.30 was predefined. The study is registered at ISRCTN, ISRCTN12552584.
\rFINDINGS: Between Aug 19, 2019, and Oct 7, 2020, 996 young people completed screening; 516 (52%) were contacted for a diagnostic interview. 272
participants were eligible and randomly assigned to ICBT (n=136) or IPDT (n=136). In the ICBT group, 51 (38%) of 136 participants were classified as
remitted, and 54 (40%) of 136 participants were classified as remitted in the IPDT group. Within-group effects were large (ICBT: within-group d=1.75,
95% CI 1.49 to 2.01; IPDT: within-group d=1.93, 1.67 to 2.20; both p<0.0001). No statistically significant treatment difference was found in the
intention-to-treat analysis. Non-inferiority for IPDT was shown for the estimated change in depression during treatment (d=-0.18, 90% CI -0.49 to
0.13; p=0.34). All secondary outcomes showed non-significant between-group differences.\rINTERPRETATION: IPDT was non-inferior to ICBT in terms of
change in depression for the treatment of adolescents with MDD. This finding increases the range of accessible and effective treatment alternatives
for adolescents with depression.\rFUNDING: Kavli trust.
The Lancet. Digital Health, 4(8) : e594-
e603
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychodynamic/Psychoanalysis, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Maybery, D., Reupert, A., Bartholomew, C., Cuff, R., Duncan, Z., McAuliffe, C., McLean, L., Pettenuzzo, L., Swing, A., Foster, K.
Aim: Young adults aged 18-25 whose parents have a mental illness or substance
use problem can be vulnerable to multiple difficulties in adulthood. There are, however, few available interventions designed for this group. This
study evaluated a 6 week online intervention (mi. spot; mental illness: supported, preventative, online, targeted) specifically designed for this
population. The intervention aims to improve mental health and wellbeing. Method(s): Forty-one young people, recruited from the community,
participated in a two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial where participants were randomized to mi. spot (n = 22) or a wait list control group
(n = 19). They were assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention and at six weeks post intervention with measures covering depression, anxiety
and stress, wellbeing, coping, general self-efficacy, help seeking and social connectedness. Result(s): Intervention participants reported
significantly improved psychological wellbeing, coping, general self-efficacy, and a reduction in anxiety. Participants in the control group reported
significant improvements in emotional wellbeing and help seeking and a reduction in self-blame. Conclusion(s): This pilot controlled trial supported
previous findings and shows preliminary evidence that mi.spot is effective for young adults who grew up with parents who have a mental illness or
substance use problem. A large-scale, randomized controlled trial with a diverse group of young people is needed. Copyright © 2022 The Authors Early
Intervention in Psychiatry Published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 16(11) : 1249-1258
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Malinauskas, R., Malinauskiene, V.
(1) Background:
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of internet-based intervention programs for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among
university students during the COVID-19 pandemic by conducting a meta-analysis. (2) Methods: Searches were conducted in the following databases:
MEDLINE, EbscoHost Academic Search Ultimate, and PsycArticles, using a combination of \"Covid-19 AND 'Randomized Controlled Trial' AND students\",
as well as a combination of the following search terms: \"internet\", \"online\", \"treat_\", \"psycholog_\", \"intervention\", \"program_\",
\"stress_\", \"depress_\", \"anxiety\", \"university\", \"college\", \"freshm_\", \"sophomore_\", and \"undergraduat_\". The population,
intervention, control, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) framework was used (P (population): university students during the COVID-19 pandemic; I
(intervention): internet-based intervention programs for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression; C (control): no intervention, usual care, or on a
waiting list; O (outcomes): stress, anxiety, and depression indicators; S (study design): meta-analysis including only randomized controlled trials
(RCTs)). A meta-analysis was performed on the 10 retrieved studies published between 2021 and 2022. Only RCTs were analyzed. (3) Results: All 10
analyzed papers revealed a trend in the effectiveness of internet-based intervention for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in university
students during COVID-19. Significant effects from the included RCTs with interventions for reducing stress and depression were established. (4)
Conclusions: Psychological internet-based interventions may help to reduce depression and stress among university students; however, more research is
needed to determine their effectiveness in reducing anxiety.
International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health [Electronic
Resource], 19(15) : 27
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Ma, Li., Wang, Y., Pan, L., Cui, Z., Schluter, P. J.
This meta-analysis examines the effects of mindfulness-informed and
mindfulness-based interventions including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), and mindfulness-based
cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depressive and anxiety symptoms among college students. Three electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane
Central) were utilized and systematically searched. Effect estimates were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and data were pooled using
random-effects models. Twenty-two comparisons derived from 19 studies (2716 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. For studies employing
passive control conditions (n = 17), post-intervention effect sizes were significant for depressive (0.47 [95% CI: 0. 32-0.63]) and anxiety symptoms
(0.58 [95% CI: 0.34-0.82]). Effect sizes were significant at post-intervention among MBCT (0.76 [95% CI: 0.48-1.03] for depressive symptoms and 1.37
[95% CI: 0.70-2.04] for anxiety symptoms) and MBSR (0.58 [95% CI: 0.31-0.86] for depressive symptoms and 0.49 [95% CI: 0.24-0.73] for anxiety
symptoms). The effect size of ACT for depressive symptoms at post-intervention was significant (0.28 [95% CI: 0.09-0.48]), but the post-intervention
effect size of ACT for anxiety symptoms was not significant (0.23 [95% CI: -0.01 -0.47]). Our analyses showed no superiority for ACT, MBSR, and MBCT
to active control conditions, either when they were combined or considered separately. This meta-analysis provides empirical evidence in support of
ACT, MBSR, and MBCT for reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms among college students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights
reserved)
Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy, 32(4) : 271-
289
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT), Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Luo, Q., Zhang, P., Liu, Y., Ma, X., Jennings, G.
(1) Background: Although physical activity has been widely recognized as an effective way
to improve anxiety and depression, we lack a systematic summary of research on improving anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The
study aims to systematically analyze how physical activity impacts on this situation in college students during COVID-19. (2) Methods: Both Chinese
and English databases (PubMed the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang) were
analyzed. All the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about physical activity intervention for this were included. We received eight eligible RCT
experiments before the retrieval time (4 October 2022) in the meta-analysis. (3) Results: Physical activity benefits for college students with
significant anxiety were (SMD = -0.50; 95% CI = -0.83 to -0.17; I2 = 84%; p < 0.001; Z = 2.98;) and depression (SMD = -0.62; 95% CI = -
0.99 to -0.25; I2 = 80.7%; p < 0.001; Z = 3.27). Subgroup analyses showed physical activity of different intensities significantly
impacted on improving college students' depression and anxiety, but physical activity of 6 < 9 Mets intensity had a greater effect on anxiety than
on depression. Interventions of eight weeks or less performed better than those of over eight weeks while interventions less than four times per week
had a significant effect on improving the situation. The overall effect of a single intervention of 30 min was more effective than one of over 60
min. (4) Conclusion: Physical activities can effectively improve the situation of anxiety and depression for college students during the COVID-19
pandemic. However, a higher quality RCT experiment is needed to prove it.
International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health
[Electronic Resource], 19(22) : 20
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise
Lorentzen, V., Fagermo, K., Handegard, B. H., Neumer, S. P., Skre, I.
BACKGROUND:
There is a need for long-term effectiveness trials of transdiagnostic treatments. This study investigates the effectiveness and diagnosis-specific
trajectories of change in adolescent patients attending SMART, a 6-week transdiagnostic CBT for anxiety and depression, with 6-month follow-up.
METHOD(S): A randomized controlled trial with waiting list control (WLC) was performed at three child and adolescent mental health outpatient
services (CAMHS) in Norway. Referred adolescents (N=163, age=15.72, 90.3% females) scoring 6 or more on the emotional disorders subscale of the
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were randomly assigned to treatment or to WLC. Long-term follow-up (N=83, baseline age=15.57, 94%
females) was performed 6 months after treatment completion (Mean=7.1 months, SD=2.5). Linear mixed model analysis was used to assess time by group
effects in patients with no diagnosis, probable anxiety, depressive disorder, and combined anxiety and depressive disorder. RESULT(S): Almost one
third (31%) obtained full recovery according to the inclusion criterium (SDQ emotional). There was highly significant change in all outcome
variables. Effect sizes (ES) were largest for general functioning, measured with CGAS (ES: d=2.19), and on emotional problems measured with SDQ (ES:
d=2.10), while CORE-17, BDI-II and CGAS all obtained ES's close to 1. There were no significant time by diagnostic group interactions for any
outcomes, indicating similar trajectories of change, regardless of diagnostic group. Waiting 6 weeks for treatment had no significant impact on
long-term treatment effects. LIMITATIONS: Possible regression to the mean. Attrition from baseline to follow-up. CONCLUSION(S): Six weeks of
transdiagnostic treatment for adolescents with emotional problems showed highly significant change in emotional symptoms and functioning at 6-month
follow-up. Patients with anxiety, depression, combined anxiety and depression, and emotional problems with no specific diagnoses, all had similar
trajectories of change. Hence this transdiagnostic SMART treatment can be recommended for adolescent patients with symptoms within the broad spectrum
of emotional problems. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02150265. First registered May 29, 2014. Copyright © 2022. The Author
(s).
BMC psychology, 10(1) : 167
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Liu, W., Li, G., Wang, C., Yu, M., Zhu, M., Yang,
L.
Objective: The efficacy of
medication and psychotherapy for adolescent depression is controversial, so we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of combination
therapy. Method(s): We followed the PRISMA checklist in completing the meta-analysis. Relevant literature was searched in PubMed, Web of Science and
Embase, Chinese databases CNKI and WanFang Data. We included the literature on the comparison of the fluoxetine plus psychotherapy or cognitive-
behavioral therapy (CBT) and each treatment alone for adolescent depression published in 1980-2021. All statistical analyses were performed using
Stata software. Result(s): After careful review, a total of 489 relevant articles were retrieved, and 13 studies were finally included. In comparison
with the control group (fluoxetine alone), fluoxetine plus CBT achieved higher response rate (RR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.21), lower incidence of
adverse Reactions (RR=0.62,95% CI:0.40,0.96), lower proportion of suicide or self-injury (RR=0.94,95% CI:0.74,1.20), and lower one-year recurrence
rate (RR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.45). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in Hamilton Depression Scale score (HAMD), Children's
Depression Rating Scale Revised (CDRS-R) score, and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Severity score. After treatment, HAMD score (SMD=-1.01, 95%
CI:-1.39,-0.63), CDRS-R score (SMD= -0.10,95% CI:-0.26,-0.07), and CGI score (SMD = -0.22, 95% CI: -0.54, -0.10) were significantly lower in the
combined treatment group than in the control group. Conclusion(s): Adolescents simultaneously treated with fluoxetine and CBT had significantly
reduced incidence of depressive symptoms, suicide or NSSI, adverse reactions, and one-year recurrence of symptoms, than adolescents treated with
fluoxetine alone. This indicates fluoxetine plus CBT may be superior to fluoxetine alone for the clinical treatment of adolescent depression.
Copyright © 2022 Liu et al.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 18 : 2543-
2557
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder), Relapse prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Liu, H., Peng, H., Song, X., Xu, C., Zhang, M.
Background: Depression impacts the lives of a large number of university students. Mobile-based therapy chatbots are increasingly being used
to help young adults who suffer from depression. However, previous trials have short follow-up periods. Evidence of effectiveness in pragmatic
conditions are still in lack. Objective(s): This study aimed to compare chatbot therapy to bibliotherapy, which is a widely accepted and proven-
useful self-help psychological intervention. The main objective of this study is to add to the evidence of effectiveness for chatbot therapy as a
convenient, affordable, interactive self-help intervention for depression. Method(s): An unblinded randomized controlled trial with 83 university
students was conducted. The participants were randomly assigned to either a chatbot test group (n = 41) to receive a newly developed chatbot-
delivered intervention, or a bibliotherapy control group (n = 42) to receive a minimal level of bibliotherapy. A set of questionnaires was
implemented as measurements of clinical variables at baseline and every 4 weeks for a period of 16 weeks, which included the Patient Health
Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). The Client Satisfaction
Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8) and the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (WAI-SR) were used to measure satisfaction and therapeutic alliance after
the intervention. Participants' self-reported adherence and feedback on the therapy chatbot were also collected. Result(s): Participants were all
university students (undergraduate students (n = 31), postgraduate students (n = 52)). They were between 19 and 28 years old (mean = 23.08, standard
deviation (SD) = 1.76) and 55.42% (46/83) female. 24.07% (20/83) participants were lost to follow-up. No significant group difference was found at
baseline. In the intention-to-treat analysis, individuals in the chatbot test group showed a significant reduction in the PHQ-9 scores (F = 22.89; P
< 0.01) and the GAD-7 scores (F = 5.37; P = 0.02). Follow-up analysis of completers suggested that the reduction of anxiety was significant only in
the first 4 weeks. The WAI-SR scores in the chatbot group were higher compared to the bibliotherapy group (t = 7.29; P < 0.01). User feedback showed
that process factors were more influential than the content factors. Conclusion(s): The chatbot-delivered self-help depression intervention was
proven to be superior to the minimal level of bibliotherapy in terms of reduction on depression, anxiety, and therapeutic alliance achieved with
participants. Copyright © 2022 The Authors
Internet Interventions, 27 (no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Self-help, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)