Disorders - depressive disorders
Leventhal, K. S., Gillham, J., DeMaria, L., Andrew, G., Peabody, J., Leventhal, S.
We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a 5-
month resilience-based program (Girls First Resilience Curriculum or RC) among 2308 rural adolescent girls at 57 government schools in Bihar, India.
Local women with at least a 10th grade education served as group facilitators. Girls receiving RC improved more (vs. controls) on emotional
resilience, self-efficacy, social-emotional assets, psychological wellbeing, and social wellbeing. Effects were not detected on depression. There was
a small, statistically significant negative effect on anxiety (though not likely clinically significant). Results suggest psychosocial assets and
wellbeing can be improved for girls in high-poverty, rural schools through a brief school-day program. To our knowledge, this is one of the largest
developing country trials of a resilience-based school-day curriculum for adolescents.
Journal of Adolescence, 45 : 284-
295
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions, Positive
psychology
Lewis, F. M., Brandt, P. A., Cochrane, B.
B., Griffith, K. A., Grant, M., Haase, J. E., Houldin, A. D., Post-White,
J., Zahlis, E. H., Shands, M. E.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of a cancer parenting program for child rearing mothers with
breast cancer, the Enhancing Connections Program. Primary goals were to decrease maternal depressed mood and anxiety, improve parenting quality,
parenting skills and confidence, and enhance the child's behavioral-emotional adjustment to maternal breast cancer. Method: A total of 176 mothers
diagnosed within 6 months with Stage 0 to Stage III breast cancer and their 8- to 12-year-old child were recruited from medical providers in 6
states: Washington, California, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Arizona, and Indiana. After consenting and obtaining baseline measures, study participants
were randomized into experimental or control groups. Experimental mothers received 5, 1-hr educational counseling sessions at 2-week intervals;
controls received a booklet and phone call on communicating and supporting their child about the mother's cancer. Outcomes were assessed at 2 and 12
months. Results: Compared to controls, at 2 months experimental mothers significantly improved on depressed mood and parenting skills; experimental
children improved on behavioral-emotional adjustment: total behavior problems, externalizing problems, and anxiety/depressed mood significantly
declined. At 1 year, experimental children remained significantly less depressed than controls on both mother- and child-reported measures. The
intervention failed to significantly affect parenting self-efficacy or maternal anxiety. Conclusions: The Enhancing Connections Program benefitted
mothers and children in specific areas and warrants refinement and further testing.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 83(1) : 12-
23
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Langley, A. K., Gonzalez, A., Sugar, C.
A., Solis, D., Jaycox, L.
Objective: To evaluate the
feasibility and acceptability of a school-based intervention for diverse children exposed to a range of traumatic events, and to examine its
effectiveness in improving symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety. Method: Participants were 74 schoolchildren (Grades 1-5) and
their primary caregivers. All participating students endorsed clinically significant posttraumatic stress symptoms. School clinicians were trained to
deliver Bounce Back, a 10-session cognitive-behavioral group intervention. Children were randomized to immediate or delayed (3-month waitlist)
intervention. Parent-and child-report of posttraumatic stress and depression, and child report of anxiety symptoms, were assessed at baseline, 3
months, and 6 months. Results: Bounce Back was implemented with excellent clinician fidelity. Compared with children in the delayed condition,
children who received Bounce Back immediately demonstrated significantly greater improvements in parent-and child-reported posttraumatic stress and
child-reported anxiety symptoms over the 3-month intervention. Upon receipt of the intervention, the delayed intervention group demonstrated
significant improvements in parent-and child-reported posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms. The immediate treatment group
maintained or showed continued gains in all symptom domains over the 3-month follow-up period (6-month assessment). Conclusions: Findings support the
feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of the Bounce Back intervention as delivered by school-based clinicians for children with traumatic
stress. Implications are discussed.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical
Psychology, 83(5) : 853-865
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Le-Noury, J., Nardo, J. M., Healy, D., Jureidini, J., Raven, M., Tufanaru, C., Abi-Jaoude, E.,
Objectives: To reanalyse SmithKline Beecham's Study
329 (published by Keller and colleagues in 2001), the primary objective of which was to compare the efficacy and safety of paroxetine and imipramine
with placebo in the treatment of adolescents with unipolar major depression. The reanalysis under the restoring invisible and abandoned trials (RIAT)
initiative was done to see whether access to and reanalysis of a full dataset from a randomised controlled trial would have clinically relevant
implications for evidence based medicine.; Design: Double blind randomised placebo controlled trial.; Setting: 12 North American academic psychiatry
centres, from 20 April 1994 to 15 February 1998.; Participants: 275 adolescents with major depression of at least eight weeks in duration. Exclusion
criteria included a range of comorbid psychiatric and medical disorders and suicidality.; Interventions: Participants were randomised to eight weeks
double blind treatment with paroxetine (20-40 mg), imipramine (200-300 mg), or placebo.; Main Outcome Measures: The prespecified primary efficacy
variables were change from baseline to the end of the eight week acute treatment phase in total Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D) score and the
proportion of responders (HAM-D score =8 or =50% reduction in baseline HAM-D) at acute endpoint. Prespecified secondary outcomes were changes from
baseline to endpoint in depression items in K-SADS-L, clinical global impression, autonomous functioning checklist, self-perception profile, and
sickness impact scale; predictors of response; and number of patients who relapse during the maintenance phase. Adverse experiences were to be
compared primarily by using descriptive statistics. No coding dictionary was prespecified.; Results: The efficacy of paroxetine and imipramine was
not statistically or clinically significantly different from placebo for any prespecified primary or secondary efficacy outcome. HAM-D scores
decreased by 10.7 (least squares mean) (95% confidence interval 9.1 to 12.3), 9.0 (7.4 to 10.5), and 9.1 (7.5 to 10.7) points, respectively, for the
paroxetine, imipramine and placebo groups (P=0.20). There were clinically significant increases in harms, including suicidal ideation and behaviour
and other serious adverse events in the paroxetine group and cardiovascular problems in the imipramine group.; Conclusions: Neither paroxetine nor
high dose imipramine showed efficacy for major depression in adolescents, and there was an increase in harms with both drugs. Access to primary data
from trials has important implications for both clinical practice and research, including that published conclusions about efficacy and safety should
not be read as authoritative. The reanalysis of Study 329 illustrates the necessity of making primary trial data and protocols available to increase
the rigour of the evidence base.; © Le Noury et al 2015.
BMJ, 351 : h4320-h4320
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Tricyclic antidepressants, Antidepressants
(any)
Livheim, F., Hayes, L., Ghaderi, A., Magnusdottir, T, Hogfeldt, A., Rowse, J., Turner, S., Hayes, S., Tengstrom, A.
Depression, anxiety and stress are common problems among adolescents. Teaching young people coping strategies in school-based intervention
programs is one promising approach hoped to remedy the negative consequences of distress in adolescence. The aim of the two pilot studies was to
examine the effect of a brief intervention based on the principles of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on depressive symptomatology
(Australian study, N = 66) and stress (Swedish study, N = 32) among adolescents screened for psychosocial problems in school settings. In both
studies, subjects were assigned to receive the ACT-group-intervention, or a control intervention featuring individual support from the school health
care. The Australian study was a planned comparison, with random allocation for girls, plus one replication of a boys group. The Swedish study used a
randomized controlled design. The ACT-intervention was an 8-session manualized group program. The Australian study showed significant reductions in
depressive symptoms with a large effect, and significant reductions in psychological inflexibility with a medium effect when compared to the control
group who received standard care. In the Swedish study, the ACT-intervention group, when compared to the control group, reported significantly lower
levels of stress with a large effect size, and marginally significant decrease of anxiety, and marginally significant increased mindfulness skills.
Taken together, the ACT-intervention seems to be a promising intervention for reducing stress and depressive symptoms among young adolescents in
school and should be tested in full-sized studies. Limitations of these two pilots include small samples.
Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(4) : 1016-1030
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT)
Kilburn, K., Thirumurthy, H., Halpern, C. T., Pettifor, A., Handa, S.
Purpose: This study investigates the causal effect of Kenya's unconditional cash transfer program on mental health outcomes of young
people. Methods: Selected locations in Kenya were randomly assigned to receive unconditional cash transfers in the first phase of Kenya's Cash
Transfer Program for orphans and Vulnerable Children. In intervention locations, low-income households and those with orphans and vulnerable
childrens began receiving monthly cash transfers of $20 in 2007. In 2011, 4 years after program onset, data were collected on the psychosocial status
for youth aged 15-24 years from households in intervention and control locations (N = 1960). The primary outcome variable was an indicator of
depressive symptoms using the 10-question Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Secondary outcomes include an indicator for hopefulness
and physical health measures. Logistic regression models that adjusted for individual and household characteristics were used to determine the effect
of the cash transfer program. Results: The cash transfer reduced the odds of depressive symptoms by 24 percent among young persons living in
households that received cash transfers. Further analysis by gender and age revealed that the effects were only significant for young men and were
larger among men aged 20-24 years and orphans. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that poverty-targeted unconditional cash transfer programs,
can improve the mental health of young people in low-income countries.
Journal
of Adolescent Health, :
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Kobak, K. A., Mundt, J. C., Kennard, B.
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 15[2] of Annals of General Psychiatry (see record 2016-03082-001).
In the original article, there was an error in Table 7. The corrections are present in the erratum.] Background: Rapid advances in information
technology and telecommunications have resulted in a dramatic increase in the use of mobile devices and the internet to enhance and facilitate access
to treatment. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is an empirically based treatment that is well suited for enhancement by new technologies,
particularly with youth. To facilitate the dissemination of this evidence-based treatment, we developed a technology-enhanced CBT intervention for
the treatment of adolescent depression consisting of (1) online therapist training (2) in-session use of tablets for teaching clients CBT concepts
and skills, and (3) text messaging for between session homework reminders and self-monitoring. Methods: Eighteen licensed clinicians (social workers
n = 7, psychologists n = 9) were randomized to have their patients receive either the intervention (CBT) or treatment as usual (TAU). Each clinician
treated four adolescents for 12 weeks. Clinicians in the CBT arm completed an online tutorial on CBT treatment of adolescent depression, then
received an iPad with access to patient education materials for teaching CBT concepts to patients during sessions. Individualized text messages were
integrated into treatment for homework reminders, support, and outcomes measurement. Outcome measures included a 49-item multiple choice test for
tutorial effectiveness; the system usability scale (SUS) for user satisfaction; quick inventory of depressive symptomatology-adolescent version
(QIDS-A-Pat); and clinician and patient ratings on the therapeutic alliance scale for adolescents (TASA). Results: A significant increase in
knowledge of CBT concepts was found after completing the tutorial, t(8) = 7.02, p < 0.001. Clinician and patient ratings of user satisfaction were
high for both the iPad teaching tools, and the text messaging. Ninety-five percent of teens said reviewing their text messages with their therapist
was helpful, and all said they would use text messaging in treatment again. Ratings of the therapeutic alliance were higher in the CBT arm t(131) =
4.03, p = 0.001. A significant reduction in depression was found in both groups [t(34) = 8.453, p < 0.001 and t(29) = 6.67, p < 0.001 for CBT and
TAU, respectively). Clinical ratings of improvement were greater on all outcome measures for the CBT arm; however, none reached statistical
significance. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) ranged from small (QIDS-A) to large (TASA). Conclusions: Results support the feasibility of this technology-
enhanced CBT intervention as a means of improving CBT treatment of adolescent depression and may help address the critical shortage of therapists
trained on empirically based treatments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Annals of General Psychiatry, 14 : ArtID
37
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kosters, M.
P., Chinapaw, M. J., Zwaanswijk, M., van-der-Wal, M. F., Koot, H. M.
OBJECTIVES: We
investigated whether intervention effects of FRIENDS for Life, a school-based prevention program for children with anxiety or depression symptoms,
were maintained over a period of 12 months after the intervention in a naturalistic setting.\rMETHODS: We used a quasi-experimental design, with 339
children in the intervention group and 157 in the control group (aged 8-13 years) in schools in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We collected self-,
teacher, and peer reports of anxiety and depression scores before and after intervention, and 6 and 12 months after intervention, from 2010 to 2012.
\rRESULTS: Intervention-group children reported a continuing and significant decrease in anxiety and depression scores compared with the control
group. Twelve months after the intervention, participants' anxiety and depression levels were comparable to those of the general population. Girls
reported a stronger decrease in anxiety scores than did boys. Teacher reports suggested no effects. Although classmates reported increased
internalizing problems in intervention-group children immediately after intervention, these effects disappeared over time.\rCONCLUSIONS: FRIENDS for
Life, an indicated prevention program, yielded long-lasting and continuing reduction in anxiety and depression problems when implemented in daily
school practice.
American Journal of Public
Health, 105(10) : 2005-2013
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Kallapiran, K., Koo, S., Kirubakaran, R., Hancock, K.
Background: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly used in the management
of various mental health disorders in children and adolescents. However, there is limited evidence about the efficacy of various interventions used.
Method: A systematic review was performed to examine the effects of different MBIs on mental health symptoms and quality of life in both clinical and
nonclinical samples of children and adolescents using data from only randomized control trials. The studies were also assessed for quality. Based on
the type of MBI, study population, and control arm we had three comparisons for meta-analyses. Results: Fifteen studies were included in the
qualitative analysis but only 11 trials with comparable interventions and controls were included for meta-analyses. Mindfulness-based stress
reduction/mindfulness-based cognitive therapy arm was more effective than nonactive control in the nonclinical populations. Acceptance commitment
therapy was comparable to active treatments in patients in the clinical range. Other MBIs were also effective improving anxiety and stress but not
depression in nonclinical populations compared to nonactive control. Conclusions: Mindfulness-based interventions can be effective in children and
adolescents with mental health symptoms. As there were significant limitations these results must be interpreted with caution.
Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 20(4) : 182-
194
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G. R., Fisher, C. A., Bhar, S. S., Rice, S. M., Davey, C.G., Parker, A. G.,
Aim: Recent findings from systematic
reviews and primary research studies have shown more modest effects of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for youth depression than previously
shown, highlighting the need to further enhance the effectiveness of this intervention, or components of this intervention. Therefore, the aim of
this review is to summarize the work that has been done to identify the different components of CBT and their varying effectiveness for young people
with depression.; Methods: Narrative overview of English language reviews/meta-analyses and primary intervention studies retrieved from searches of
computerized databases as well as ancestry searches.; Results: Reviews of intervention studies of adults as well as young people with depression have
shown that behavioural approaches are equally as effective as cognitive approaches in reducing depression symptoms. Post-hoc analyses of large
studies in youth depression have also shown that behavioural approaches might be more suitable for young people.; Conclusions: Behaviourally based
approaches appear promising in treating youth depression; however, further research is required. This research will represent an essential step
towards refining interventions for youth depression, and enabling interventions to be targeted to particular subgroups, to optimize their
effectiveness.; © 2014 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.
Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 9(2) : 93-
99
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G. R., Merry, S. N.
Objective: To examine the overall effect of
individual depression prevention programs on future likelihood of depressive disorder and reduction in depressive symptoms. In addition, we have
investigated whether Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) and other therapeutic techniques may modify this
effectiveness.; Methods: This study is based on and includes the trial data from meta-analyses conducted in the Cochrane systematic review of
depression prevention programs for children and adolescents by Merry et al. (2011). All trials were published or unpublished English language
randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster RCTs of any psychological or educational intervention compared to no intervention to prevent
depression in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years.; Results: There is some evidence that the therapeutic approach used in prevention programs
modifies the overall effect. CBT is the most studied type of intervention for depression prevention, and there is some evidence of its effectiveness
in reducing the risk of developing a depressive disorder, particularly in targeted populations. Fewer studies employed IPT, however this approach
appears promising. To our knowledge, this is the first study to have explored how differences in the approach taken in the prevention programs modify
the overall treatment effects of prevention programs for children and adolescents.; Conclusions: More research is needed to identify the specific
components of CBT that are most effective or indeed if there are other approaches that are more effective in reducing the risk of future depressive
episodes. It is imperative that prevention programs are suitable for large scale roll-out, and that emerging popular modes of delivery, such as
online dissemination continue to be rigorously tested.;
International Journal of Environmental Research & Public
Health, 12(5) : 4758-4795
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Interpersonal therapy (IPT)
Kaseva, K., Pulkki-Raback, L., Elovainio, M., Pahkala, K., Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L., Hintsanen,
M., Hakulinen, C., Lagstrom, H., Jula, A., Niinikoski, H., Ronnemaa, T., Viikari,
J., Simell, O., Raitakari, O.
Aim This study examined whether there was an association between a repeated
dietary and lifestyle intervention that began in infancy and participants' psychological wellbeing at the age of 20. Methods We examined the
psychological wellbeing of 457 young adults participating in the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP), a randomised
controlled trial conducted in Finland between 1989 and 2011. We assessed potential differences in psychological wellbeing between the intervention
and control groups by examining participants' satisfaction with life, how they rated their health, their experiences of stress and the consequences
of experiencing stress and symptoms of depression at the age of 20. We also assessed socio-economic status during childhood as a potential
confounding factor. Results We found no association between the long-term dietary and lifestyle intervention and participants' psychological
wellbeing in adulthood. Adjusting for sex and childhood socio-economic status did not affect the results and socio-economic status did not moderate
the association between the intervention and psychological wellbeing. Conclusion Our findings showed no association between intensive dietary and
lifestyle counselling that was initiated in infancy with psychological wellbeing in adulthood and the initiative did not appear to pose any
psychological risks.
Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 104(8) : 815-
822
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Dietary advice, dietary change