Disorders - Depressive Disorders
Andrade, F. C., Erwin,
S., Burnell, K., Jackson, J., Storch, M., Nicholas, J., Zucker, N.
BACKGROUND: Literature has underscored the dark
aspects of social media use, including associations with depressive symptoms, feelings of social isolation, and diminished self-esteem. Social
comparison, the process of evaluating oneself relative to another person, is thought to contribute to these negative experiences such that people
with a stronger tendency to compare themselves with others are particularly susceptible to the detrimental effects of social media. Social media as a
form of social connection and communication is nevertheless an inevitable-and arguably integral-part of life, particularly for young adults.
Therefore, there is a need to investigate strategies that could alter the manner in which people interact with social media to minimize its
detrimental effects and maximize the feelings of affiliation and connection.\rOBJECTIVE: This pilot study examined the feasibility, acceptability,
and effectiveness of a brief web-based intervention designed to alter engagement with social media and promote psychological well-being by
encouraging social savoring as an alternative to social comparison. Social savoring was operationalized as experiencing joyful emotions related to
the happiness of someone else's experiences (ie, feeling happy for someone else).\rMETHODS: Following an intensive longitudinal design, 55 college
students (mean age 19.29, SD 0.93 years; n=43, 78% women and n=23, 42% White) completed baseline measures (individual differences, psychological
well-being, connectedness, and social media use) and then 14 days of daily surveys on their social media activity and well-being. On day 8, the group
that was randomized to receive the intervention watched a video instructing them on the skill of social savoring and was asked to practice this skill
during days 8 to 14.\rRESULTS: Overall, participants reported positive perceptions of the intervention. Participants who watched the intervention
video reported significantly higher performance self-esteem (P=.02) at posttest than those in the control condition, after controlling for baseline
levels. Participants also reported significantly higher state self-esteem (P=.01) on days in which they engaged in more social savoring while using
social media, and the use of social savoring increased significantly (P=.01) over time, suggesting that participants found it helpful. Participants
in both conditions reported significantly lower levels of social comparison (control: P=.01; intervention: P=.002) and higher levels of connectedness
(control: P<.001; intervention: P=.001) at posttest than at baseline.\rCONCLUSIONS: Initial evidence from this pilot study suggests that a web-based
social savoring intervention may help minimize the potentially harmful consequences of social media use, at least in some domains. Future work is
needed to examine the effectiveness and acceptance of this intervention in different age groups and in clinical samples that are in part
characterized by higher levels of comparison with others (eg, people with eating disorders).
JMIR Mental
Health, 10 : e42024
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Amminger, G. P., Rice,
S., Davey, C. G., Quinn, A. L., Hermens, D. F., Zmicerevska, N., Nichles, A., Hickie, I., Incerti, L., Weller, A., Joseph, S., Hilton, Z., Pugh, C., Rayner, M., Reid, N., Ratheesh, A., Yung, A. R., Yuen, H. P., Mackinnon, A., Hetrick, S., Parker, A., Street, R., Berger,
M., Berk, M., McGorry, P. D., Lin, A.
BACKGROUND: Clinical trials suggest long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA; 'fish
oil') may reduce depressive symptoms in adults with MDD. Hence, n-3 PUFA may be a potential treatment for depression in youth. METHOD(S):
Participants were aged 15-25 years with MDD who sought care in one of three government-funded mental health services for young people in metropolitan
Melbourne, Perth, or Sydney, Australia. Participants were randomly assigned in a double-blind, parallel-arm design to receive 'fish oil' (840 mg of
eicosapentaenoic acid and 560 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) or placebo capsules as adjunct to cognitive behavioural case management (CBCM). All
participants were offered fortnightly 50-minute CBCM sessions delivered by qualified therapists (treatment as usual) at the study sites during the
intervention period. The primary outcome was change in the interviewer-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Adolescent Version (QIDS-
A17-C) score at 12 weeks. Erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels were assessed pre-post intervention. RESULT(S): 233 young people were randomised to the
treatment arms: 115 participants to the n-3 PUFA and 118 to the placebo group. Mean change from baseline in the QIDS-A17-C score was -5.8 in the n-3
PUFA group and -5.6 in the placebo group (mean difference, 0.2; 95% CI -1.1 to 1.5; p=0.75). Erythrocyte PUFA levels were not associated with
depression severity at any timepoint. The incidence and severity of adverse events were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION(S): This placebo-
controlled trial and biomarker analysis found no evidence to support the use of fish oil for treatment in young people with MDD. Copyright © 2023.
Published by Elsevier Inc.
Biological
psychiatry., 22 :
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Fish oil (Omega-3 fatty acids), Omega 3 fatty
acids (e.g. fish oil, flax oil), Case management
Alvarado-Garcia, P. A. A., Soto-Vasquez, M. R., Rosales-Cerquin, L. E., Benites, S. M., Cubas-Romero, T. L., Jara-Aguilar, D. R., Gavidia-Valencia, J. G., Alfaro-
Beltran, I. M.
Introduction: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on anxiety, depression,
and sleep quality. Method(s): The essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and the chemical
composition was performed by Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Furthermore, a quasi-experimental study was conducted, where 81 participants were divided into two groups, comprising a waiting list control group
and an experimental group treated with essential oils. Anxiety and depression indexes were evaluated using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)
and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI). Result(s):
Chemical analysis showed that 1,8 cineole (37.6%), alpha-pinene (19.9%), and linalool (15.8%) were the main components. Anxiety, depression, and
sleep quality scores showed a decrease in the post-test study phase compared to the pre-test in the experimental group (p<0.05). A large size effect
was found in the case of anxiety (d = 1.491; g= 1.490) with 1-beta=0.996, while medium size effects were observed for depression (d = 0.581; g=
0.582) with 1-beta=0.585; and sleep quality (d = 0.586; g = 0.588) with 1-beta=0.638. Conclusion(s): Essential oils extracted from Rosmarinus
officinalis are more effective in calming anxiety and show moderate changes in depression and sleep quality. Copyright © 2023 Phcogj.Com.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 15(2) : 343-349
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Other complementary & alternative
interventions
Ahmadi, S. J., Jobson, L., Musavi, Z., Rezwani, S. R., Amini, F. A., Earnest, A., Samim,
N., Sarwary, S. A. A., Sarwary, S. A., McAvoy, D.
Importance:
Adolescents who experience conflict in humanitarian contexts often have high levels of psychiatric distress but rarely have access to evidence-based
interventions. Objective(s): To investigate the efficacy of Memory Training for Recovery-Adolescent (METRA) intervention in improving psychiatric
symptoms among adolescent girls in Afghanistan. Design, Setting, and Participant(s): This randomized clinical trial included girls and young women
aged 11 to 19 years with heightened psychiatric distress living in Kabul, Afghanistan, and was conducted as a parallel-group trial comparing METRA
with treatment as usual (TAU), with a 3-month follow-up. Participants were randomized 2:1 to receive either METRA or TAU. The study occurred between
November 2021 and March 2022 in Kabul. An intention-to-treat approach was used. Intervention(s): Participants assigned to METRA received a 10-session
group-intervention comprised of 2 modules (module 1: memory specificity; module 2: trauma writing). The TAU group received 10 group adolescent health
sessions. Interventions were delivered over 2 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome measures were self-reported posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms after the intervention. Secondary outcomes were self-reported measures of anxiety, Afghan-cultural distress
symptoms, and psychiatric difficulties. Assessments occurred at baseline, after modules 1 and 2, and at 3 months after treatment. Result(s): The 125
participants had a mean (SD) age of 15.96 (1.97) years. Overall sample size for primary analyses included 80 adolescents in the METRA group and 45
adolescents in TAU. Following the intention-to-treat principle, generalized estimating equations found that the METRA group had a 17.64-point
decrease (95% CI, -20.38 to -14.91 points) in PTSD symptoms and a 6.73-point decrease (95% CI, -8.50 to -4.95 points) in depression symptoms, while
the TAU group had a 3.34-point decrease (95% CI, -6.05 to -0.62 points) in PTSD symptoms and a 0.66-point increase (95% CI, -0.70 to 2.01 points) in
depression symptoms, with the group x time interactions being significant (all P <.001). METRA participants had significantly greater reductions in
anxiety, Afghan-cultural distress symptoms, and psychiatric difficulties than TAU participants. All improvements were maintained at 3-month follow-
up. Dropout in the METRA group was 22.5% (18 participants) vs 8.9% for TAU (4 participants). Conclusions and Relevance: In this randomized clinical
trial, those in the METRA group had significantly greater improvements in psychiatric symptoms relative to those in the TAU group. METRA appeared to
be a feasible and effective intervention for adolescents in humanitarian contexts. Trial Registration: anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12621001160820.
Copyright © 2023 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
, 6(3) : E236086
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Agyapong, B., Shalaby, R., Vuong, W., Gusnowski, A., Surood, S., Greenshaw, A. J., Wei, Y., Agyapong, V. I. O.
BACKGROUND: Chronic stress,
anxiety, and depression are psychological problems that can hurt young adults, interfering with their everyday function, academic achievement, and
interpersonal relationships. This study aimed to assess the impact of Text4Hope, an online mental health service, on the psychological well-being of
young adults.\rMETHODS: This study adopted both longitudinal and naturalistic controlled trial designs. It examined clinical outcomes in young adult
(<=26 years old) subscribers of Text4Hope who completed surveys at baseline and six weeks and compared clinical parameters in two groups of
subscribers. The first group comprised the intervention group (IG) (young adult subscribers who received once-daily supportive text messages for six
weeks and completed sixth-week evaluation measures between 26 April and 12 July 2020), and the second group was the control group (CG) (young adult
subscribers who joined Text4Hope in the same time frame and completed a baseline survey and were yet to receive any text messages). The prevalence of
moderate to high stress, anxiety, and depression was measured at baseline and six weeks in the longitudinal study and between the two groups for the
naturalistic controlled study using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and Patient Health
Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Inferential statistics, including the t-test, McNemar test, chi-square, and binary logistic regression analyses, were used
to evaluate the differences in the prevalence and severity of the psychological symptoms.\rRESULTS: In the longitudinal study, of the 9214
subscribers to Text4Hope who completed the baseline survey, 1047 (11.4%) were identified as youth. For the young adult subscribers who completed both
the baseline and sixth-week surveys (n = 114), a significant reduction in the prevalence of moderate to high stress (8%) and likely GAD (20%) from
baseline to six weeks was reported. Similarly, there was a significant reduction in the mean scores on the PSS-10, GAD-7, and Composite Mental Health
score but not the PHQ-9 from baseline to six weeks. The largest reduction in mean scores was for the GAD-7 scale (18.4%), with a small effect size
overall. For the naturalistic study, the IG included 173 young adult subscribers of Text4Hope who completed the sixth-week survey compared to 92
subscribers in the CG who completed the baseline survey during the designated period. There was a significantly lower prevalence for likely Moderate
Depressive Disorder (MDD) (25.2%) and suicidal thoughts/thoughts of self-harm (48.4%), with a small effect size in the IG compared to the CG.
Similarly, lower mean scores were reported for all outcome variables in the IG compared to the CG, with a small to medium effect size. The receipt of
daily supportive text messages for six weeks resulted in significantly lower odds of both likely GAD and experiencing thoughts of self-harm or death
wish while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics.\rCONCLUSIONS: The Text4Hope service is an effective tool for mental health support for
young adult subscribers. Young adults receiving the service exhibited a reduction in psychological symptoms, including thoughts of self-harm or death
wish. This population-level intervention program can be used to effectively support young adult mental health and in suicide prevention programs.
Journal of Clinical
Medicine, 12(5) : 01
- Year: 2023
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Znazen, H., Hammami, A., Bragazzi, N. L., Hadadi, A., Slimani, M.
The objective of this investigation was to explore in a sample of female students the effects of several acute
plyometric training intensities (low, moderate, and high-55-65%, 70-80%, and 90-100% of maximal vertical jump performance, respectively) on cognition
(attention) and psychological states (mood). Thirty-seven female students (mean age = 19.72 +/- 0.73 years, mean body mass index = 19.51)
participated in the current study. They were randomly allocated to one of three conditions: a high-intensity plyometric exercise (HIPE), a moderate-
intensity plyometric exercise (MIPE), and a low-intensity plyometric exercise (LIPE). Before and immediately after each session for the three
conditions, all participants underwent a cognitive performance test (d2 test) and filled in a battery of psychological questionnaires (the Rating of
Perceived Exertion (RPE), and the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS)). The data reported higher concentration performance and a lower number of errors in the
MIPE when compared with HIPE (all, p-value < 0.05) groups, whereas no significant difference was found between other conditions (p-value > 0.05). The
RPE value was higher in the HIPE (p-value < 0.001) and MIPE (p = 0.01) than in the LIPE, and in the HIPE than in the MIPE (p = 0.001) conditions.
Concerning the BRUMS scale, fatigue (p = 0.005) was significantly different among the various conditions, being higher in HIPE with respect to MIPE
and LIPE (all, p-value < 0.05) conditions. In conclusion, moderate-intensity plyometric exercise can be considered the best activity to improve
visual attention. Practitioners may practice moderate-intensity plyometric exercises to improve concentration performance. However, due to the
limitations of the present study (lack of a control group and between-subjects study design), further research in the field is warranted. Copyright ©
2022 by the authors.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22) (no
pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise
Zieff, G. H., Stoner, L., Frank, B., Gaylord,
S., Battle, S, Hackney, A. C.
This pilot study assessed the feasibility and combined effect of aerobic exercise (AE) and
mindfulness meditation (MM), compared with MM alone and a control (CON) condition, on stress, anxiety, and depression in high-stress college-based
young adults. Thirty-two participants (84.4% F, 20.5+/-2.7years, 23.9+/-5.0kg/m2) were randomized to a four-week, AE+MM (n=16), MM (n=10), or control
intervention (n=6). ANOVA revealed non-significant, but noteworthy group x time interactions (perceived stress: p=0.09; anxiety/depression: p=0.07).
Both AE+MM and MM seem to be feasible strategies to reduce levels of stress, anxiety and depression in college-based young adults.
Journal of American college health : J of ACH, : 1-
5
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy, Meditation, Physical activity, exercise
Zhou, W., Li, P., Lei, X., Yuan, H.
Background: Mental imagery can help people have meaningful experiences and improve their mental and physical health. This study aimed to
explore the intervention effect of positive mental imagery training (imagery cognitive bias modification) on the negative emotions of Chinese college
students with at least mild symptoms of depression. Method(s): A 2 (group: training group, non-training group) by 4 (time: pre-, post-, 1-week
follow-up, and 6-week follow-up) mixed design was used in this study, with the group as the between-participants factor and the time as the within-
participants factor. Forty-nine participants were pseudo-randomly assigned to either the imagery training group (received 7 days of training) or the
non-training group (continued their daily lives as usual). Both groups were followed up at 1 week and 6 weeks after the intervention via online
questionnaires. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted using baseline, post-training (all participants, N = 49), and follow-up (N =
42) data. Result(s): Compared to participants in the no training group, participants in the positive mental imagery training group showed
improvements in depression symptoms and trait anxiety; as well as the likelihood rating of positive imagery across the subsequent three assessments.
The vividness of positive imagery post-training also improved. However, there was no significant between-group difference in negative interpretation
bias. Conclusion(s): Positive mental imagery training effectively improved negative emotions and anxiety in adults with depression symptoms after 1
week of training, with these effects lasting for at least 6 weeks, indicating that this type of training should be further explored in China.
Copyright © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Cognitive
Therapy and Research, 46(2) : 343-357
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Attention/cognitive bias
modification
Zhao, C., Wampold, B. E., Ren, Z., Zhang, L., Jiang, G.
OBJECTIVE: The present study tested the efficacy of an unguided internet-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (iACT) program for
depression, and identified the psychological characteristics of participants who benefitted the most from the program. METHOD(S): Undergraduate
students with mild to severe symptoms of depression were randomized to the iACT group (n=95) or the waiting-list group (WLC group; n=87). Depressive
symptoms and positive mental health were assessed at baseline (T0 ), at the end of the 6-week program (T1 ), and at a 3-month follow-up (T2 ).
RESULT(S): Compared with the WLC group, the iACT group showed significantly more improvement in depressive symptoms (d=1.27) and positive mental
health (d=0.59), both at T1 and T2 . Latent Profile Analysis identified three classes of participants: Sensitive-to-Relationship, Low-Reactive-
Depression, and Endogenous-Depression group. In general, the treatment was particularly suitable for the Sensitive-to-Relationship class. CONCLUSION
(S): The iACT was effective in treating the depressive symptoms of undergraduates, especially suitable for the clients with high baseline depression,
high externality, high resistance, and high sensitivity to relationships. Copyright © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Journal of clinical psychology, 78(7) : 1354-1375
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT), Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Zhang, Y., Huang, K., Cong, H., Wang, M.
Background: The
depression of college students requires psychological intervention based on clinical drug treatment. Group psychological counseling is an effective
psychological intervention. This study aims to explore the effect of group psychological counseling on negative emotions and Nonsuicidal Self-injury
(NSSI) behaviors of college students with depression. Subjects and methods: A total of 84 students with depression by screening diagnosis at Qingdao
University in March 2018 were divided into the control group (n=42) and the intervention group (n=42). Students in the control group only received
drug therapy, whereas the intervention group underwent group psychological counseling intervention based on drug therapy. A comparison between
depression, self-injury behaviors, and sense of life purpose of the two groups before and after the intervention was performed. Result(s): The post-
test Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) standard score of students in both groups was significantly lower than the pre-test SDS standard score
(P<0.05). The SDS standard scores of the post-test and the trace test in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control
group (P<0.05). Compared with the pre-test value, the total scores in the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) of the post-test in both groups
significantly increased. The intervention group received significantly higher scores in the MLQ of the post-test and trace test compared with the
control group (P<0.05). Both groups also received significantly higher scores in the post-test in the Quality System Audit (QSA) compared with the
pre-test (P<0.05). The intervention group also received higher scores on the post-test and trace test in some dimensions in the QSA compared with
those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion(s): Group psychological counseling intervention for college students with depression can alleviate
their depressive symptoms, improve their sense of life meaning, reduce the risk of suicide, and control their NSSI behaviors. Copyright © 2022
Medicinska Naklada Zagreb. All rights reserved.
Psychiatria Danubina, 34
(2) : 229-235
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Non-suicidal self-harm behaviours, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm), Suicide or self-harm with comorbid mental disorder
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants
(any), Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
Zhang,
J. Y., Xu, S. X., Zeng, L., Chen, L. C., Li,
J., Jiang, Z. Y., Tan, B. J., Gu, C. L., Lai, W. T., Kong, X. M., Wang, J., Rong, H., Xie, X. H.
Objectives: ECT is a rapid
and effective treatment for depression. While efficacy is often remarkable over the initial 3-4 sessions, the efficacy of later sessions is less
rapid, and the side-effects, especially cognitive impairment limit its use. To preliminarily compare the efficacy and acceptability of a novel
hybrid-ECT (HECT) protocol for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with standard ECT, we conducted this pilot trial. Method(s): Thirty
patients were randomly assigned to ECT or HECT. Both arms received three ECT sessions (phase 1) but, in phase 2, the HECT arm received low-charge
electrotherapy instead of ECT. The primary outcome was the change in 24-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-24) scores between baseline and
the end of treatment. Cognitive function was assessed by repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS), Stroop color
word, and orientation recovery tests (ORT). Safety was measured by the drop-out rate and adverse events (AEs). Four visits were conducted at
baseline, post-phase 1, post-phase 2, and at 1-month follow-up. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/),
identifier: ChiCTR1900027701. Result(s): Patients in both arms showed significant within-group improvements in HAMD-24, but the between-group
differences were non-significant. Participants in the HECT arm outperformed ECT patients for most cognitive tests at the end of treatment or at
follow-up. There was a significantly lower AE rate and shorter ORT in phase 2 of the HECT ar. Conclusion(s): In this pilot trial, HECT was associated
with fewer AEs and better cognitive function including executive and memory function, but its possible similar antidepressive efficacy needs to be
further investigated in future. Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Xu, Zeng, Chen, Li, Jiang, Tan, Gu, Lai, Kong, Wang, Rong and Xie.
Frontiers in
Psychiatry, 13 (no pagination) :
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions
(any), Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Zhang, C. S., Cheng, L., Chen, X., Wang, Y., Wei, S., Sun, J.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of
exercise intervention, and analyze exercise intervention strategies for adolescent depression through a meta-analysis of RCTs.\rMethods: Accordance
to PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Medline, EBSCO, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, ProQuest, and CNKI were searched for eligible records. Peer-
reviewed studies were included if they met the following criteria: population (mean age of 10-18 years), intervention (physical activity, sport, or
exercise), and outcomes (depression, adherence, ITT, dropout, adverse events, follow-up report). The protocol of this systematic review was
registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022321683). Effect sizes calculations and methodological quality of exercise intervention (TESTEX scale) were carried
out. The certainty of evidence was assessed by GRADE framework.\rResults: Thirteen randomized controlled trials were eligible for this review, which
comprised a total of 433 adolescents. Compared with the control treatment, the effect of exercise on adolescent depression was moderate (SMD = -0.65,
95%CI: -1.03 to -0.27, p < 0.01). Heterogeneity was substantial (T 2 = 0.30, I 2 = 67%, p < 0.01). The moderating effect
analysis showed that exercise intervention characteristics (organization form, exercise frequency, exercise intensity, exercise type, and single
exercise session duration) of included studies varied greatly revealing multiple factors that may impact the antidepressant effect of exercise on
adolescent depression (I 2 > 50%, p < 0.05). Three studies show that the positive effect of exercise on reducing depression in adolescents
remained 40 weeks after the intervention. Moreover, owing to the included studies contained methodological limitations, the certainty of evidence was
reduced to moderate level.\rConclusion: This study shows that exercise intervention has a moderate and sustained positive effect on adolescent
depression. Our results recommended that adolescents with depression undertake moderate to high intensity group mixed exercise for more than 12
weeks, 20 to 60 min/time, more than 3 times/week. Additionally, our study also shows that the antidepressant effects remained for a long time after
the end of exercise interventions. However, following the GRADE framework, we rated the certainty of evidence the primary meta-analysis as moderate
evidence due to some limitations of included studies. Therefore, rigorous studies are still needed to verify the results.\rSystematic review
registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=321683], identifier [CRD42022321683].
, 13 : 974382
- Year: 2022
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative
Interventions (CAM), Physical activity, exercise