Disorders - depressive disorders
Lo, K., Waterland, J., Todd, P., Gupta, T., Bearman, M., Hassed, C., Keating, J. L.
Effects of interventions for improving mental health of health professional students has
not been established. This review analysed interventions to support mental health of health professional students and their effects. The full
holdings of Medline, PsycINFO, EBM Reviews, Cinahl Plus, ERIC and EMBASE were searched until 15th April 2016. Inclusion criteria were randomised
controlled trials of undergraduate and post graduate health professional students, group interventions to support mental health compared to
alternative education, usual curriculum or no intervention; and post-intervention measurements for intervention and control participants of
mindfulness, anxiety, depression, stress/distress or burnout. Studies were limited to English and short term effects. Studies were appraised using
the PEDro scale. Data were synthesised using meta-analysis. Four comparisons were identified: psychoeducation or cognitive-behavioural interventions
compared to alternative education, and mindfulness or relaxation compared to control conditions. Cognitive-behavioural interventions reduced anxiety
(-0.26; -0.5 to -0.02), depression (-0.29; -0.52 to -0.05) and stress (0.37; -0.61 to -0.13). Mindfulness strategies reduced stress (-0.60; -0.97 to
-0.22) but not anxiety (95% CI -0.21 to 0.18), depression (95% CI -0.36 to 0.03) or burnout (95% CI -0.36 to 0.10). Relaxation strategies reduced
anxiety (SMD -0.80; 95% CI -1.03 to -0.58), depression (-0.49; -0.88 to -0.11) and stress (-0.34; -0.67 to -0.01). Method quality was generally poor.
Evidence suggests that cognitive-behavioural, relaxation and mindfulness interventions may support health professional student mental health. Further
high quality research is warranted.
Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice, 23(2) : 413-
447
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention), Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychoeducation, Mindfulness based
therapy
Ismayilova, L., To-Camier, A.
Objective.-Behavioral interventions alone may be insufficient for improving mental health in low-income countries. This study tests the
effects of economic intervention, alone and in combination with a family-focused component, on the mental health of children and women living in
ultra-level poverty. Methods.- Funded by the Network of European Foundations, this three-arm cluster-RCT included 10-15 year-old children and women
from 360 ultra-poor households from twelve villages in Burkina Faso. Villages were randomized (4 villages/120 households per arm) to the wait-list
arm, the economic intervention (Trickle Up/TU arm), or to the economic strengthening plus family coaching component (TU+ arm). Intervention effects
were tested using repeated-measures mixed-effects regressions. Results.- At 12 months, compared to the control arm, mothers from both intervention
groups receiving economic intervention demonstrated a reduction in the PHQ-9 depression score (Cohen's d =-0.67, P = .001 and d =-0.48, P = .005)
and the GAD-7 anxiety score (d =-0.64, P = .001 and d =-0.51, P = .002), maintaining effects at24months. However, only children from theTU+showeda
reduction in depressive symptoms at 12 months (medium effect size d = -0.53, P = .003) and 24 months (d = -0.50, P = .004), compared to the control
condition and the economic intervention alone (at 24 months d = -0.37, P = .041). At 24 months, small effect size improvements in self-esteem were
detected in the TU+ group, compared to the control and TU conditions (d = 0.30 and d = 27, respectively). Trauma symptoms significantly reduced in
the TU+ group at 12 months (IRR = 0.62, P = .042), compared to the control. Conclusion.- Integrating psycho-social intervention involving all family
members with economic empowerment strategies may be an innovative approach for improving emotional well-being among ultra-poor families.
European
Psychiatry, 48 (Supplement 1) : S90
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Fuspita,
H., Susanti, H., Eka Putri, D.
OBJECTIVE: The research identified the influence of assertiveness training against teenage depression in
high scholars in Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu, Indonesia.\rMETHOD: This study used a quasi-experiment approach with pre-test and post-test design and
a control group. Eighty students were engaged through simple random sampling.\rRESULTS: The study found the frequency of depression in teenagers and
considered the effect of assertiveness training. 14.10 teens were counted as depressed before assertiveness training provision, while the post-
training average was 7.98 (p = .000). Assertiveness training had a significant effect on the prevalence of depression in the intervention group.
\rCONCLUSIONS: The study recommends schools to cooperate with health services to increase mental health programs such as building peer groups,
delivering assertiveness training, and teaching stress management to prevent depression in teenagers.
Enfermeria Clinica, 28 Suppl 1 : 300-
303
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions
King, C. A., Gipson, P. Y., Arango, A., Foster, C. E., Clark, M., Ghaziuddin, N., Stone, D.
This study examined the effectiveness of LET's CONNECT (LC), a community
mentorship program for youths who report peer social problems, which is based on a positive youth development framework. Participants were 218 youths
(66.5% girls), aged 12 to 15 years, who were recruited from an urban medical emergency department and screened positive for bullying victimization,
bullying perpetration, and/or low social connectedness. Youths were randomized to LC (n = 106) or the control condition (n = 112). Six-month outcomes
were assessed with self-report measures of youth social connectedness, community connectedness, thwarted belongingness, depression, self-esteem, and
suicidal ideation. LC was associated with a significant increase in only one of these outcomes, social connectedness (effect size = 0.4). It was
associated consistently with trend-level positive changes for thwarted belongingness (decreased), depression (decreased), community connectedness,
and self-esteem (effect sizes = 0.2). There was no effect on suicidal ideation (effect size = 0.0), and although not a primary outcome, eight youths
in the LC condition and seven youths in the control condition engaged in suicidal behavior between baseline and follow-up. Although LC effect sizes
are consistent with those from previous studies of community mentorship, there were multiple challenges to LC implementation that affected dosage and
intervention fidelity, and that may account for the lack of stronger positive effects. Copyright © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Journal of Community Psychology, 46(7) : 885-
902
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement
interventions
Huang, J., Nigatu, Y.
T., Smail-Crevier, R., Zhang, X., Wang, J.
Common mental health problems (CMHPs), such as depression, anxiety
disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are internalizing disorders with high comorbidity.
University and college students are under many stressors and transitional events, and students fall within the age range when CMHPs are at their
developmental peak. Compared to the expanded effort to explore and treat CMHPs, there has been no a meta-analysis that comprehensively reviewed the
interventions for CMHPs and examined the effects of interventions for CMHPs in college students. The objective of this review is to conduct a
systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining interventions for CMHPs among university and college students
and to estimate their post-intervention effect size (ES), as well as follow-up ES, for depression, anxiety disorder, OCD and PTSD separately. Meta-
analytic procedures were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We reviewed 7768 abstracts from which 331 full-text articles were reviewed
and 51 RCTs were included in the analysis. We found moderate effect sizes for both depression (Hedges' g = -0.60) and anxiety disorder (Hedges' g =
-0.48). There was no evidence that existing interventions for OCD or PTSD were effective in this population. For interventions with high number of
papers, we performed subgroup analysis and found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based interventions were effective for both
depression and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and attention/perception modification was effective for GAD; other interventions (i.e. art,
exercise and peer support) had the highest ES for both depression and GAD among university and college students. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Journal of Psychiatric
Research, 107 : 1-10
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions, Mindfulness based
therapy
Arjadi, R., Nauta, M.H., Scholte, W.F., Hollon, S.D., Chowdhary, N., Suryani, A.O., Uiterwaal, C.S., Bockting, C.L.
Background: Depression is one of the leading contributors to the global burden of disease. However, treatment
availability is often very poor in low-income and middle-income countries. In a randomised clinical trial, we investigated the efficacy of internet-
based behavioural activation with lay counsellor support compared with online minimal psychoeducation without support for depression in Indonesia (a
middle-income country). Methods: We did a community-based, two-group, randomised controlled trial in Indonesia. Eligible participants were aged 16
years or older, scored 10 or above on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), met the criteria for major depressive disorder or persistent
depressive disorder based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, were proficient in Bahasa Indonesia, and could use the internet.
Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) by a research assistant using a web-based randomisation program to online behavioural activation with lay
support (termed Guided Act and Feel Indonesia [GAF-ID]) or online psychoeducation without further support. Randomisation was done within a random
permuted block design and was stratified by sex and depression severity (ie, PHQ-9 10-14 vs >=15). The primary outcome was self-reported PHQ-9 score
at 10 weeks from baseline. Research assistants were masked to group allocation until after the assessment of the primary outcome. Interventions were
described to participants during the consent procedure and after randomisation, but no indication was given as to which was the intervention of
interest and which was the control. Analysis was by intention to treat. The trial was registered in the Netherlands Trial Register, number NTR5920.
It is closed to new particpants, and follow-up has been completed. Findings: Between Sept 6, 2016, and May 1, 2017, 313 participants were enrolled
and randomly assigned, 159 to the GAF-ID group and 154 to the online psychoeducation group. At 10 weeks, PHQ-9 scores were significantly lower in the
GAF-ID group than in the online psychoeducation group (mean difference -1.26 points [95% CI -2.29 to -0.23]; p = 0.017), and participants in the
GAF-ID group had a 50% higher chance of remission at 10 weeks (relative risk 1.50 [95% CI 1.19 to 1.88]; p < 0.0001). An effect size of 0.24 for the
GAF-ID group compared with the control group at 10 weeks was sustained over time (effect size 0.24 at 3 months, and 0.27 at 6 months). No adverse
events were reported in either group. Interpretation: To our knowledge, ours is the first adequately powered randomised clinical trial of an
internet-based intervention for depression in a low-income or middle-income country. Online behavioural activation with lay counsellor support
efficaciously reduced symptoms of depression, and could help to bridge the mental health gap in low-income and middle-income countries. (PsycINFO
Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
The Lancet Psychiatry, 5(9) : 707-
716
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Psychoeducation, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Rasing, S. P. A., Creemers, D. H. M., Vermulst, A. A., Janssens,
J. M. A. M., Engels, R. C. M. E., Scholte, R. H. J.
A randomized controlled trail was conducted to examine the effectiveness of a depression and anxiety
prevention program 'Een Sprong Vooruit' (A Leap Forward) among adolescent girls with a high familial risk (N = 142). The results showed neither
effects of the prevention program directly after the intervention, nor at 6 or 12 months follow-up on depression and anxiety symptoms. Further,
latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) was used to examine whether the growth functions for the intervention and the control condition were different.
The slope representing the change in depression symptoms was not significantly different between the intervention and the control condition. For
anxiety symptoms, the difference between slopes was also not significant. Based on these results, we suggested that these high-risk adolescent girls
might benefit more from a more intensive prevention program. Copyright © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
International Journal of Environmental Research
and Public Health, 15 (7) (no pagination)(1457) :
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Kohut, S. A., Jelen, A., Ruskin, D., Stinson, J.
Context Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have emerged as a promising
strategy for individuals with chronic health conditions, given their versatility in targeting both physical and mental health outcomes. However,
research to date has focused on adult or community-based populations. Yet, a recent meta-analysis revealed that MBIs are 3 times more impactful for
clinical versus nonclinical pediatric populations and are particularly helpful for internalizing symptoms (eg, depression, anxiety). Objective To
summarize and critically appraise the available literature on the feasibility and effectiveness of MBIs for clinical samples of youth diagnosed with
internalizing disorders (eg, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress). Design A systematic review of the literature with electronic searches
conducted by a library information specialist familiar with the feld using EMBASE, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EBM Reviews
databases. Two reviewers independently selected articles for review and extracted data. Results Of a total of 4710 articles, 5 articles met inclusion
criteria. Study designs were primarily randomized controlled trials with 1 prospective pre-post intervention study. Sample sizes varied across
studies from 24 to 102 participants. No studies included inpatient participants or participants with comorbid internalizing and physical disorders.
The MBIs included in this review were primarily group-based and did not offer remote or online options. All MBIs were feasible, and studies
consistently found that following MBI completion, youth reported considerable improvements in internalizing symptoms (eg, anxiety, depression,
posttraumatic stress).Conclusion Mindfulness-based interventions are a promising approach to coping with internalizing symptomsin youth. Clinical
populations of youth are an essential sample to target for future work in mindfulness owing to the substantial impairment in quality of life and
function related to living with mental illness. Future research with rigorous study design is warranted to determine definitive treatment
effectiveness of MBIs for internalizing symptoms.
Canadian Family Physician, 64 (2 Supplement
1) : S79
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Mindfulness based
therapy
Johnstone, K. M., Kemps, E., Chen, J.
Anxiety and depression are among the most common mental health issues experienced in childhood. Implementing school-based
prevention programs during childhood, rather than adolescence, is thought to provide better mental health outcomes. The present meta-analysis aimed
to investigate the efficacy of universal school-based prevention programs that target both anxiety and depression in children (aged 13 years or
below), and examine three moderators (i.e., program type, primary target of program, and number of sessions) on prevention effects. PsycINFO, PubMED,
and Google Scholar were systematically searched for relevant articles published up to and including January 2018. Fourteen randomised controlled
trials, consisting of 5970 children, met eligibility criteria. Prevention programs led to significantly fewer depressive symptoms at post-program (g
= 0.172) and at long-term follow-up periods (g = 0.180), but not at short-term follow-up. Programs were not found to prevent anxiety symptoms across
any time point. Considerable heterogeneity was observed for all effects. Program type and length were found to moderate the relationship between
prevention program and outcomes. Prevention programs were effective in preventing depressive symptoms at post-program and long-term follow-up, while
no significant preventative effect on anxiety symptoms was observed. The FRIENDS Program and programs which contained a greater number of sessions
showed beneficial effects on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Universal programs aimed at preventing both anxiety and depression in children are
limited. Future research should investigate the long-term evaluation of school-based prevention programs for anxiety and depression in children.
Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review, 21(4) : 466-
481
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Other Psychological Interventions
Ponnuthurai, S. A., Brown, J.
Objectives: School-based interventions aiming to intervene early in mental disorder in young people have been
tested since the 1990s. Most previous reviews looked at both targeted and universal interventions; we have only compared randomized controlled trials
of universal interventions, considering them as an implementable preventative intervention at a public health level. We have included other outcomes
of therapy, such as self-esteem, well-being, resilience, and mentalization, to also compare the effectiveness of interventions on outcomes that
appear to be associated with prevention. Method(s): A meta-analysis was performed of universal RCTs of school-based psychological interventions using
CBT, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness, and interpersonal therapy methodologies. PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched. The
outcome data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3. Result(s): The data on depression are presented as follows: 1) as in the other analyses, there was
evidence of a significant small effect on symptoms of depression for the interventions as a whole; and 2) this effect was maintained after 12 months
overall. The data on anxiety are presented as follows: 1) overall, the effect on anxiety symptoms was also small; and 2) this small effect was
slightly better maintained with anxiety >= 12 months after intervention (d = 0.17 in anxiety compared with d = 0.12 with depressive symptoms).
Secondary outcomes are indicated as follows: 1) no trial-measured outcomes of interventions have been associated with relapse prevention (eg, meta-
cognition or mentalization); and 2) only one trial measured other markers of recovery, such as well-being. Conclusion(s): 1) Universal school-based
interventions appear to have a small but significant effect on depression and anxiety symptoms that are maintained >=12 months postintervention,
although the amount of long-term data is small. 2) Possible markers of treatment effectiveness against relapse and of recovery, such as meta-
cognition and self-esteem, are not being monitored as outcomes. 3) Other factors, such as age and type of intervention, were also involved. For
example, mindfulness and use of a facilitator, who was a nonteacher with some education or training in mental health, appear significant in terms of
the effectiveness of these interventions. 4) Trial quality was low overall. Further trials with large sample groups, using attention control groups
as their control with a longer period of follow-up, are needed. EBP, PUP, SC Copyright © 2018
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 57 (10
Supplement) : S189
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT), Interpersonal therapy (IPT), Mindfulness based
therapy, Acceptance & commitment therapy
(ACT)
Keles, S., Idsoe, T.
The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically examine the short- and long-term effects of group Cognitive
Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for adolescent depression and to examine the role of various moderators of the reported effect sizes. A comprehensive
literature search of relevant randomized-controlled trials identified 23 studies containing 49 post-intervention and 56 follow-up comparisons.
Standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated both for post-intervention and follow-up. A three-level random effects approach was used to model
the dependent effect sizes. Group CBT was more efficacious than control conditions both at post-intervention (SMD = -0.28, 95% CI [-0.36, -0.19]) and
at follow-up (SMD = -0.21, 95% CI [-0.30, -0.11]). Having an inactive control group was associated with a larger post-intervention effect size, while
having a longer follow-up duration was associated with a smaller follow-up effect size. Even though the effect sizes are low, research suggests that
group CBT is a significant treatment for adolescent depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Adolescence, 67 : 129-
139
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions
(any), Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Bird, T., Mansell, W., Wright, J., Gaffney, H., Tai, S.
BACKGROUND: Evidence for the efficacy of computer-based psychological interventions is growing. A number of such
interventions have been found to be effective, especially for mild to moderate cases. They largely rely on psychoeducation and 'homework tasks',
and are specific to certain diagnoses (e.g. depression). AIMS: This paper presents the results of a web-based randomized controlled trial of Manage
Your Life Online (MYLO), a program that uses artificial intelligence to engage the participant in a conversation across any problem topic. METHOD(S):
Healthy volunteers (n = 213) completed a baseline questionnaire and were randomized to the MYLO program or to an active control condition where they
used the program ELIZA, which emulates a Rogerian psychotherapist. Participants completed a single session before completing post-study and 2-week
follow-up measures. RESULT(S): Analyses were per protocol with intent to follow-up. Both programs were associated with improvements in problem
distress, anxiety and depression post-intervention, and again 2 weeks later, but MYLO was not found to be more effective than ELIZA. MYLO was rated
as significantly more helpful than ELIZA, but there was no main effect of intervention on problem resolution. CONCLUSION(S): Findings are consistent
with those of a previous smaller, laboratory-based trial and provide support for the acceptability and effectiveness of MYLO delivered over the
internet for a non-clinical sample. The lack of a no-treatment control condition means that the effect of spontaneous recovery cannot be ruled
out.
Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy, 46(5) : 570-
582
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions
(any), Problem solving therapy (PST), Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)